What are the 4 primary responsib/ilities of the Transport Layer?

1).   Tracking

2).   Segmentation

3).   Reassembling

4).   Identifying the different applications

Tracking= is the individual conversation between applications on the source and destination host.

Segmentation= is data and managing each piece.

Reassembling= is the sementaton streams and application data.

Identifying the different applications.

What does the Transport Layer header provide?

1). Provides field of bits

2).  Provide values in these fields that enable different transport layer.  Protocols to perform different functions.

Describe the process of segmentation and reassembly?

Segmentation= Transport layer divides application data into blocks of data that are an appropriate size.

Reassembly= Transport layer reassembly the data before sending it to the destination application or service.

How does the Transport Layer accomplish conversation mulitplexing?

Each application or service is assigned an address known as a port so that the transport layer can determine with which application or service the data is identified.

What are the four additional duties the Transport Layer can provide?

1).  Connection -Oriented conversations

2).  Reliable delivery

3).  Ordered data reconstruction

4).  Flow Control

  What are the four processess that the Transport Layer uses to control conversations?

1).  Establish a Session

2).  Reliable Delivery

3).  Same Order Delivery

4).  Flow Control

1).   Establish a Session = Ensures the application is ready to receive the data.

2).   Reliable Delivery = Means lost segments are resent so the data is received complete.

3).    Same Order Delivery = Ensures data is delivered sequentially as it was sent.

4).     Flow Control = Delivery if there is congestion on the host.

What are the two most common protocols at the

Transport Layer?

                     TCP

                     UDP

             TCP = Transmission Control Protocol

              UDP = User Datagram Protocol

 What is the advantage of using UDP?

1).  Simple

2).  Connectionless Protocol

3).   Advantages = Provides for low overhead data delivered.

   What are the pieces of UDP information called?

Pieces of UDP are called Datagrams

Datagrams are sent at Best-Effort

   What are some applications that use UDP?

  DNS = Domain Named System

  Video Streaming

  Voip ( Voice-over-IP)

    What are the 3 additional functions that TCP offers?

1).   Delivery

2).   Reliable delivery

3).   Flow Control

  How much overhead is required to offer the 3 functions of TCP?

  TCP has 20 bytes of overhead in the header encapsulating the Application Layer data.

   What are the pieces of TCP information called?

   The pieces of TCP information are called

   Segment.

   What is the range of Well Known Ports?

                    ( 0 - 1023)

    Well known TCP Ports:

20 = FTP

21 = FTP

23 = Telnet

25 = SMTP

80 = HTTP

110 = POP3

194 = Internet Relay Chat (IRC)

443 = Secure HTTPs

                      Well-Known UDP

                       69  = TFTP

                       520 = RIP    

                 What are well know ports?

           The numbers are reserved for services

and application.

   What are the range of Registered Ports?

                  (1024 - 49151)