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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| body functions that stay the same |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
7.35-7.45
<7.35 "Acidosis"
>7.45 "Alkalosis" |
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Term
blood glucose level
homeostasis |
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Definition
80-110 mg/100mL
hormonal regulation of glucose level in the blood |
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Term
| blood glucose level after a heavy meal |
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Definition
Insulin: a hormone secreted by Beta cells of Islets of Langerham at Pancreas
in liver glucose --> glycogen |
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Term
| blood glucose level after a period of starvation |
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Definition
glucagon: a hormone secreted by Alpha cells of Islets of Langerhams
in liver glycogen --> glucose |
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Term
| Negative feedback mechanisms |
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Definition
| Hypothalmus (TRH:Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone)>Anterior Pituitary (TSH:Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone)>Thyroid Gland "follicular cells" of thyroid gland (Thyroid Hormones "metabolic hormones">T3:Contains 3 iodine atoms "Triiodothyronine") |
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Term
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Definition
iodine deficiency
enlargement of thyroid gland - "goiter" |
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Term
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Definition
head of baby push against cervix>nerve impulses reach brain>brain instructs post. pist. to release OT that reach cells of uterus>trigger uterus contraction
Oxytocin stored in Posterior Pituitary |
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Term
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Definition
| contains many cell types that secrete many hormones |
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Term
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Definition
| A storage site for Oxytocin and ADH (antidiuretic hormone) conserve H2O |
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Term
Anatomical Position
Feet
Hands
Palms |
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Definition
Feet: flat on floor
Hand: at sides
Palms: facing forward "hand supinated" |
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Term
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Definition
Anterior: front
Posterior: back |
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Term
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Definition
Pronation: palms backwards
Supination: palms forward |
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Term
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Definition
Superior: above
Inferior: below |
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Term
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Definition
Ventral: front/anterior
Dorsal: back/posterior |
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Term
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Definition
Medial: close to midline
Lateral: far from midline |
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Term
| Ipsilateral vs Contralateral |
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Definition
Ipsilateral: found on the same side of the body
Contralateral: opposite side |
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Term
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Definition
Superficial: exterior
Deep: interior |
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Term
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Definition
Proximinal: closer to joint
Distal: farther from joint
for arm or leg |
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Term
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Definition
epi: above
hypo: below/under |
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Term
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Definition
| vertical lines in 9 regions |
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Term
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Definition
| Superior horizontal line in 9 regions |
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Term
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Definition
| inferior horizontal line in 9 regions |
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Term
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Definition
| "frontal" plane - runs vertically, divides body into anterior and posterior parts |
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Term
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Definition
| divides body into R/L portions |
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Term
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Definition
| divides body into superior/inferior |
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Term
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Definition
| Cranial and vertebral - enclose the brain and spinal chord |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| encloses the spinal chord |
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Term
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Definition
| Thoracic and abdomino-pelvis cavities enclose the lungs, heart, abdomen, and pelvic region |
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Term
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Definition
1. pleural cavities: enclose the 2 lungs
2. Pericardia cavity: encloses the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| Enclose all viscera of abdomen/pelvic region |
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Term
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Definition
Visceral: inner layer
Parietal: outer layer |
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Term
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Definition
| a double layered membrane that line all of the ventral cavities |
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Term
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Definition
| compartment between the 2 lungs - includes the heart, trachea, esophagus, thymus gland |
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Term
| Levels of organization of the human body |
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Definition
Atoms
Molecules
Organelles
Cells
Tissue
Organs
Organ systmes |
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Term
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Definition
The Big 4
1. Carbon: in all organic molecules
2. Hydrogen
3. Oxygen
4. Nitrogen |
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Term
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Definition
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleic acids |
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Term
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Definition
Nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum
Mitochondria
Gogli body |
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Term
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Definition
| at least 300 types of cells |
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Term
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Definition
Muscle tissue
Epithelial tissues
Nervous tissue
Connective tissue |
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Term
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Definition
Integumentary
Digestive
Respiratory
Muscular
Lymphatic
Reproductive
Circulatory
Endocrine
Urinary
Nervous
Skeletal |
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Term
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Definition
| kidneys, aorta, veracava, pancreas all lie posterior to peritoneal cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| kidneys, aorta, veracava, pancreas all lie posterior to peritoneal cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| attaches intestine to wall |
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Term
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Definition
| attaches stomach to liver |
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Term
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Definition
| covers small intestine like an apron |
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Term
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Definition
| Skin (sunlight activates keratinocytes-->liver (cholesterol to Vit D3) --> Kidneys (calcidon to calcitrol) --> bones (calictrol circulates in blood and reaches bones) --> small intestine (calictrol increases calcium level by enhancing calcium absorption from food in small intestine) |
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Term
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Definition
| Skin (sunlight activates keratinocytes-->liver (cholesterol to Vit D3) --> Kidneys (calcidon to calcitrol) --> bones (calictrol circulates in blood and reaches bones) --> small intestine (calictrol increases calcium level by enhancing calcium absorption from food in small intestine) |
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Term
| 4 main types of organic molecules |
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Definition
| Carbs, Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic acids |
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Term
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Definition
Pentoses: 5-C sugars
Hexoses: 6-C sugars |
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Term
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Definition
| two molecules written different ways |
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Term
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Definition
two monosaccharides together
Sucrose
Lactose
Maltose |
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Term
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Definition
glycogen is the only one humans can make
in the liver, it is a storage for glucose |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
"gly" smallest amino acid
Remaining group=H |
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Term
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Definition
"cys" stabilizes the proteins
Remaining group=CH2--SH |
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Term
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Definition
"phe" must get from food
Remaining group=CH2--hexagon |
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Term
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Definition
| one we cannot make-we must get it from food |
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Term
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Definition
| converting phe into tyr using protein enzyme |
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Term
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Definition
| a genetic disorder that results in accumulation of phe |
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Term
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Definition
"tyr" you can get tyr from any protein
Remaining group=CH2--hexagon--OH |
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Term
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Definition
| links two amino acids together |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| twisted in an alpha helix or folded into beta pleated sheets |
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Term
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Definition
| made of 4 polypeptide chains - transports O2 |
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Term
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Definition
| if glu is mutated into val - sickle cell is pointed, fragile, sticky, can be broken which makes less O2 in system |
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