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A period of rapid growth in the use of machines in manufacturing and production that began in the mid-1700s. |
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A machine for spinning with more than one spindle at a time, patented by James Hargreaves in 1770. |
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| `American inventor whose cotton gin changed cotton harvesting procedures and enabled large increases in cotton production; he introduced the technology of mass production through the development of interchangable parts in gun-making. |
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| A wealthy person who uses money to invest in trade and industry for profit in accordance with the principles of capitalism. |
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| A maufacturing method for a standardized product or products in which fixed capital, raw material, and labor operations are centralized and sophisticated machinery is often used. |
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| English industrialist who brought a design for a textile mill to America, he is considered the founder of the American cotton industry. |
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| A town in Massachusetts where Lowell built a large mill. Visitors were amazed by both the clean and neatly kept factories and boarding houses as well as the new machinery. |
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An expediton led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark that began in 1804 to explore the Louisiana Purchase.
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| The purchase of French land between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains that doubled the size of the U.S. |
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| A war between Britain and the United States, fought between 1812 and 1815. The War of 1812 has also been called the second American war for independence. It began over alleged British violations of American shipping rights. American soldiers attacked Canada unsuccessfully in the war, and the British retaliated by burning the White House and other buildings in Washington, D.C. American warships frequently prevailed over British vessels. The greatest victory for the Americans came in the Battle of New Orleans, in which Andrew Jackson, who would later become the seventh president of the U.S., was the commanding general. |
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| Nicknamed Old Hickory, he was an American in the Battle of New Orleans. As commander of the Tennessee militia, he defeated the Creek Indians, securing 23 million acres of land. his election as the seventh president of the U.S. marked an era of democracy called Jacksonian Democracy. |
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| An 800-mile forced march made by the Cherokee from their homeland in Georgia to Indian Territory; resulted in many deaths of almost one fourth of the Cherokee people. |
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A 2,000-mile trail stretching through the Great Plains from western Missouri to the Oregon Territory. |
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An important trade trail west from Independence, Missouri, to Sante Fe, New Mexico. |
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| Spanish mission in San Antonio, Texas, that was the site of a famous battle of the Texas Revolution in 1836. |
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| A belief shared by many Americans in the mid-1800's that the U.S. should expand across the continent to the Pacific Ocean. |
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| U.S. purchase of land from Mexico that included the southern parts of presentday Arizona and New Mexico. |
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Gold seeking migrants who came to Caifornia. |
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An agreement proposed by Henry Claythat allowed Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state and Maine to enter as a free state and outlawed slavery in any territories or states north of 36°30' latitude.
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| The idea that political authority belongs to the people. |
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One of the most popular cash crops, it was the basis of the Southern economy. |
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Laws passed in the colonies to control slaves. |
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A devotion to the interests of one geographic region over the interests of the country as a whole. |
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To formally withdraw from the Union. |
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Hebnry's Clay proposed agreement that allowed California to enter the Union as a free state and divided the rest of the Mexican Cession into two territories where slavery would be decided by popular soveirgnty. |
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A law that made it a crime to help runaway slaves; allowed for the arrest of escaped slaves in areas where slavery was illegal, and required their return to slave owners. |
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A law that allowed voters in Kansas and Nebraska to choose whether to allow slavery. |
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A nickname given to Kansas due to the violence that took place there between abolitionists and pro-slavery forces. |
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A case with a ruling that African Americans had no rights, nor were they citizens, and that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional. |
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