Term
| 3 most important electrolytes for the heart |
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Definition
| potassium, sodium, and calcium |
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Term
| out of the three most important electrolytes, __________ is the MOST important |
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Definition
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Definition
| the heart has the ability to generate its own electrical impulses |
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Term
| how does automasticity work? |
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Definition
| the heart uses electrolytes: the potassium flows in and sodium flows out; the constant flow creates the impulse in the SA Node: the "volcano explodes down the junction, the ventricle and then the purkinje fibers and then the heart contracts |
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| t/f: high sodium is a sign of hypervolemia |
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| t/f: if potassium is under 3.9, the patient is medicated by a physician immediately |
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Definition
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| t/f: if potassium is under 3.4, the patient is given potassium via IV |
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Definition
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| t/f: too much or too little potassium will kill the patient |
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Definition
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| t/f: NEVER push potassium mixed with another substance |
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Definition
| FALSE! Never push potassium straight! |
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Term
| t/f: potassium is used to "put people to sleep forever" |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| draws potassium out of the body |
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Term
| High potassium (4.5-4.7) can be a seen in ________ patients |
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Definition
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Term
| High calcium can be a sign of |
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Definition
| cancer (pituitary gland cancer = multiple myeloma) |
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Definition
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Definition
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| t/f: one lab test doesn't really tell you anything. always have a series of lab draws. "all about change!" |
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Definition
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| t/f: always assess the patient first thing at the beginning of your shift so you know whats going on the patient to recognize any changes that may occur during your shift; must know the "baseline" |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| CK levels, troponin, and B & P |
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Definition
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Term
| What is high creatinine levels a sign of? |
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Definition
| indication of injury to the brain, heart, and/or skeletal muscles |
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Term
| t/f: creatinine labs must be separated for the different levels to avoid false positives |
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Definition
| TRUE! Creatinine levels may be high in n obese person because they're muscles are shot from over working, but that won't automatically mean they have a brain or heart injury because their creatinine is high! |
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| t/f: always test troponin twice because the first time you test may not show anything, the second time may because injury to cardiac muscle is a progressive process |
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Definition
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Definition
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| t/f: troponin can go to crazy amounts like 237 |
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Definition
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| t/f: chest pain automatically buys 24 hour stay in hospital |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| equivocal: meaning they may or may not be experiencing a cardiac problem |
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Term
| troponin of greater than 0.5 |
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Definition
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Term
| t/f: cardiac event may cause increased WBC because it causes inflammation |
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Definition
| true! Don't jump to conclusions! |
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Definition
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Definition
| Prothrombin Time: repetition of blood clotting |
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Term
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Definition
| Anti-coagulants: heparin, coumadin |
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Term
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Definition
| specifically used for coumadin |
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Definition
| increase/decrease of cardiac output |
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Definition
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Definition
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| t/f: increased BUN is more serious than Decreased BUN |
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Definition
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Definition
| Brain Naturetic Peptide (elevated amount of fluid in patien'ts system that leads to Chronic Heart Failure and edema) |
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Definition
| Basic Metabollic Panel (Electrolytes) |
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Definition
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Definition
| CHF and malignant hypertension |
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Term
| t/f: real cholesterol level is only found after eating a good meal |
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Definition
FALSE!
only after fasting! |
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Definition
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Definition
| High Density Lipid: keep arterial system clean (Cleans the slime) |
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Definition
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| t/f: "bad cholesterol" is all about the ratio between HDL and LDL |
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Definition
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Term
| t/f: fishoil, nyacin, and exercise increase number of HDLs |
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Definition
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Definition
| electrocardiogram; measures electricity (strength and speed) measures the plumbing and electricity |
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Definition
| portable/stationary heart monitor |
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Definition
| echocardiogram: electrical function: valves, muscle walls, etc. |
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Term
| t/f: in an ECG, if the patient is deceased it will show that there is nothing to be read |
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Definition
| True: it detects muscle movement, there is none in a deceased person |
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Term
| t/f: echo tells if valves are clogged |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| transesophageal echo: probe down the throat to the upper part of stomach for a top-down view of the heart to see the Atria and pulmonic valves (can't be seen in other tests) |
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Term
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Definition
| Rheumatic Fever, Streptococchal infection (both if untreated) |
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Term
| t/f: pennicillin cures rheumatic fever |
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Definition
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Term
| t/f: calcium deposits can be found in brain and heart |
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Definition
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Term
| t/f: endocarditis common in HIV patients and IV drugs |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| lack of oxygenated blood flow to the muscle which results in tissue death |
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| drugs that make the heart run fast for stress test (for people who can't use treadmill) |
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Definition
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Term
| t/f: when someone says they have an allergy, ask them what the reaction is that they have every time |
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Definition
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Term
| 2 options for heart block |
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Definition
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Term
| pericutaneous coronary intervention? |
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Definition
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Definition
| radiopaque dye injection (watch for allergic reaction) |
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| t/f: 64 slices during ct scan happen when the heart is at rest |
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Definition
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| t/f: when giving sutures, shave the eyebrow so you can see better when removing |
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Definition
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Definition
| at rest: perfusion defects: areas that arent receiving enough oxygen (blood) or an area of MI |
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Term
| t/f: a "dark spot" shows an unoxygenated spot |
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Definition
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Definition
| evaluates the ability of the blood to clot properly; increased levels indicate prolonged bleeding times; can be used to assess both bleeding and clotting times |
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