Term
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Definition
| Aorta-> Arteries -> Arterioles-> Capillaries-> Venules -> Veins-> Vena Cava |
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Term
|
Definition
Tunica Intima
Elastic Membrane
Tunica Media
Tunica Adventitia |
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Term
| Signs and Symptoms of CVD |
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Definition
Chest pain
Arm shoulder neck jaw pain
Palpitations
Dyspnea
Syncope
Fatigue
Cyanosis
Edema
Nausea/Vomitting |
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Term
| Ischemic Heart Disease (What) |
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Definition
Arteriosclerosis- Thickening & loss of elasticity of arteries; thickening of arterial wall due to plaque
Atherosclerosis- narrowing of artery due to plaque build up
Heart- CAD/CHD
Brain- BCVD
Elsewhere- PVD |
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Term
| Ischemic Heart Disease Factors (Why) |
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Definition
MRF- Obesity/Inactivity, Smoking, HTN, Increase cholesterol levels, Stress, Impaired Glucose metabolism
NMRF- Gender, age, race, family hx. |
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Term
| Ischemic Heart Disease (Treatments) |
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Definition
Physical- Angioplasty, Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Meds- Heart contraction controlling meds, lipid reducing meds, HTN meds, platelet inhibitors, thrombolytics, vascodilators, |
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Term
| Ischemic Heart Disease Exercise Management (4) |
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Definition
| Angina, sternal precautions, leg precautions, progressive activity |
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Term
| Myocardial Ischemia (What) |
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Definition
| Myocardial pain caused by ischemia |
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Term
| Myocardial Ischemia (Why) |
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Definition
| Blockage, insufficiency, decreased blood pressure, anemia |
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Term
|
Definition
1) Primary- idiopathic
2) Secondary- Drugs & Alcohol, Renal & Endocrine Dz, acute stress, neurodisorders |
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Term
| Hypertension (Treatments) |
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Definition
Ace inhibitors- reduce blood volume and vasodilate
Beta Blockers- Slow down heart rate
Calcium channel blockers- Reduce calcium movement into cardiac cells and vessels which makes it easier for the heart to pump blood and vasodilate
Diuretics- helps kidneys remove water and sodium from body which helps to relax blood vessel walls resulting in decreased blood pressure |
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Term
|
Definition
SA/AV Nodes
Interventricular septum
Anterior/Posterior and inferior LV areas |
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Term
|
Definition
Anterior, anteroseptal between R and L heart
Anterior descending branch (widowmaker)- Anterior LV
Left Circumflex- supples anteriolateral and posteriolateral LV |
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Term
| Myocardial Infarction (WHY) |
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Definition
| Artery blockage leads to ischemia OR plaque releases causing a clot |
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Term
| Myocardial Infarction (HOW) |
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Definition
Interruption in normal EKG
Classic pattern vs non classic pattern |
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Term
| Myocardial Infarction Exercise Management |
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Definition
| Angina, O2 levels, pulse, blood pressure |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pulmonary edema, fatigue, dyspnea |
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Term
| Right sided heart failure |
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Definition
Dependent edema
Jugular vein distention
Abdominal Distension
Cyanosis
Liver congestion |
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Term
|
Definition
Number of times/minute
less than 60= Bradycardia
More than 100= Tachycardia
Examples- Atrial fibrillation, ventricular fibrillation, heart block, sick sinus syndrome |
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Term
|
Definition
| Drugs, electrical, invasive ablation |
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Term
|
Definition
What- Mitral Valve thickened, valve narrows, creates atrial pressure and pulmonary vein congestion
How- Echocardiogram
Treatment- Valve replacement/repair |
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Term
|
Definition
Why- Idiopathic (85%), Autoimmune disease, infection, injury, metabolic disorders,
What- Chest pain during breathing and movement in general |
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Term
| 3 examples of Inflammatory Disorders (PVD) |
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Definition
Vasculitis- inflammation of blood vessels that causes change sin blood vessel walls
Buerger's dz- inflammation and thrombosis in small and medium sized blood vessels, typically in legs, associated with smoking
Kawasaki Dz- inflammation in the walls of medium sized arteries throughout the body. Also affects lymph nodes, skin, and mucous membranes. |
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Term
| 3 examples of Arterial Occlusive Disease (PVD) |
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Definition
Peripheral Artery disease
Aterial Thrombosis and embolism
Prone to open wounds |
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Term
| 3 examples of Venous Diseases (PVD) |
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Definition
Thrombophlebitis- inflammation of vein caused by blood clot
DVT- bed rest
Venous insufficiency- veins not function leads to pooling of blood, lack of O2, cyanotic, edma |
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Term
| Example of Vasomotor disorders (PVD) |
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Definition
Affects diameter of blood vessel
Raynauds- spasm of small arteries and arterioles with exposure to cold. Tips of fingers usually get numbness tingling. Pallor and cyanosis occurs. 20 times more common in females. |
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