Term
| What is the location of the heart? |
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Definition
| Found in the mediastinum, behind the sternum, between the lungs, in the thoracic cavity |
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Term
| What are the two parts of the pericardial sac and where are they located in relation to one another? |
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Definition
Fibrous pericardium - located on the very outside of the heart, "sac"
Serous pericardium - parietal (middle) and visceral (inner, closest to the heart) |
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Term
| What are the two layers of the serous pericardium? |
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Definition
Parietal - outside
Visceral - closest to the heart |
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Term
| What are the three layers of the heart, and what type of tissue is in each? |
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Definition
Endocardium - 2 layers of tissue
Myocardium - muscle tissue
Epicardium - endothelium |
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Term
| What are the upper and lower chambers of the heart called? |
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Definition
Atria - upper chambers
Ventricles - lower chambers (more muscle) |
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Term
| What is the function of the auricles of the atria? |
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Definition
| They help increase volume of blood the chambers can hold, look like little flaps or "ears" |
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Term
| What is the name of the wall that separates the upper and lower chambers |
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Definition
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Term
| Which chamber(s) have the thickest walls, and why? |
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Definition
| The ventricles have more muscle tissue, therefore thicker walls, the left ventricle has the thickest wall because it pumps blood to the body, which requires a lot of force |
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Term
| What is the function of the papillary muscles found in the ventricles? |
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Definition
| They are attached cordea tendineae, assist in holding the AV valves closed |
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Term
| Where is the foramen ovale in the heart of a fetus, and what does it turn into once the fetus is born? |
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Definition
| Foramen ovale is an opening during fetal development that closes during birth creating the fossa ovalis. Its function was to move blood from atria to atria during fetal development |
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Term
| Where is the ductus arteriosus in the heart of a fetus, and what does it turn into once the fetus is born? |
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Definition
| Ductus arteriosus is a shunt that transported blood between arch of aorta and pulmonary trunk. Once born this portion closes. |
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Term
| Where does pulmonary circulation occur? |
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Definition
| Picks up O2 from the lungs and carries it to the heart |
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Term
| Where does systemic circulation occur? |
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Definition
| Brings O2 to the body, dropping CO2 off at the heart |
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Term
| Where does coronary circulation occur? |
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Definition
| Blood within the muscle heart walls |
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Term
| What side is responsible for systemic/pulmonary circulation? |
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Definition
Pulmonary - left
Systemic - right |
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