Term
|
Definition
T: diuretic.
P: loop diuretic
Act: inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride from the loop of Henle and distal renal tubule. Increases renal excretion of water, NA, CL, Mg, K, Ca. ADRs: hypo-everything, dehydration, aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T; diuretic P: loop diuretic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: diuretic, P: loop diuretic |
|
|
Term
| hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ, HydroDiuril)* |
|
Definition
| T: antihypertensive, diuretic. P: thiazide diuretics Act: INCREASES EXcretion of Na and H2) by inhibiting NA reabsorption. Promotes excretion of Cl, K, Mg, and bicarbonate. ADRs: electrolyte disturbances, increases fasting blood glucose, high BUN, hyperuricemia, high chol, LDL, triglycs |
|
|
Term
| metolazone (Diulo, Zaroxolyn)* |
|
Definition
| T: antihypertensives, diuretics. P: thiazide-like diuretics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antihypertesive, diuretic. P: thiazide diuretics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antihypertesive, diuretic. P: thiazide diuretics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antihypertesive, diuretic. P: thiazide diuretics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: diuretic. P: osmotic diuretic. Act: increases the osmotic pressure of the glomerular filtrate, thereby inhibiting reabsorption of water and electrolytes. EXcretes: water, Na, K, CL, Ca, P, Mg, Urea, Uric acid ADR: hypokalemia, hyponatremia |
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Term
|
Definition
| T: antihypertensive P: ACE inhibitor Act: block the conversion of angiotensin 1 to the vasoconstrictor angiotensin 2. ACE inhibitors also prevent the degradation of bradykinin and other vasodilatory prostaglandins.ACE inhibitors also increase plasma renin levels and reduce aldosterone levels. Net result is systemic vasodilation. ADR: cough, hypotension, taste disturbances, proteinuria, neutropenia, rash |
|
|
Term
| enalapril (Vasotec, Vasotec IV) |
|
Definition
| T: antihypertensive P: ACE inhibitor |
|
|
Term
| lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril)* |
|
Definition
| T: antihypertensive P: ACE inhibitor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antihypertensive P: ACE inhibitor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antihypertensive P: ACE inhibitor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antihypertensive P: ACE inhibitor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antihypertensive P: ACE inhibitor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antihypertensive P: ACE inhibitor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antihypertensive P: ACE inhibitor |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antihypertensive P: ACE inhibitor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antihypertensive P: angiotensin 2 receptor antagonists Act: blocks vasoconstrictor and aldosterone-producing effects of angiotensin 2 at receptor sites, including vascular smooth muscle and the adrenal glands. ADRs:dizziness, hypotension |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T; antihypertensives P: angiotensin 2 receptor antagonists |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T; antihypertensives P: angiotensin 2 receptor antagonists |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T; antihypertensives P: angiotensin 2 receptor antagonists |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T; antihypertensives P: angiotensin 2 receptor antagonists |
|
|
Term
| spironolactone (Aldactone)* |
|
Definition
| T: diuretics P: potassium-sparing diuretics Act: inhibition of sodium reabsorption in the kiney while saving potassium and hydrogen ions..NON- Selective blocker, ADRs: clumsiness, headache, hyperkalemia |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antihypertensives, P: aldosterone antagonists..Selective for aldosterone receptors. Blockage in kidney and cardiovascular areas leads to positive effects including improved CV sstructure and function. ADR: hyperkalemia |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antiarrhythmis, antihypertensives. P: beta1 blockers ACT; decreased heart rate, decreased AV conduction, decreased BP. ADRs: bradycardia, fatigue, weakness, CHF, Pulmonary edema |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antianginals, antihypertensives, P: beta1 blockers. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antianginals, antihypertensives, P: beta1 blockers. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antianginals, antihypertensives, P: beta1 blockers. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antianginals, antihypertensives, P: beta1 blockers. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antianginals, antihypertensives, P: beta1 blockers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antianginals, antihypertensives. P: beta blockers (Nonselective). ADR: bradycardia, CHF, pulmonary edema, fatigue |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antianginals, antihypertensives. P: beta blockers (Nonselective). ADR: bradycardia, CHF, pulmonary edema, fatigue |
|
|
Term
| labetalol (Normodyne, Trandate) |
|
Definition
| T: antianginals, antihypertensives. P: beta blockers (Nonselective). ADR: bradycardia, CHF, pulmonary edema, fatigue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antianginals, antihypertensives. P: beta blockers (Nonselective). ADR: bradycardia, CHF, pulmonary edema, fatigue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antianginals, antihypertensives. P: beta blockers (Nonselective). ADR: bradycardia, CHF, pulmonary edema, fatigue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antianginals, antihypertensives. P: beta blockers (Nonselective). ADR: bradycardia, CHF, pulmonary edema, fatigue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antianginals, antiarrhythmics, antihypertensivs, vascular headache suppressants. P: beta blockers. (NONselective). ADR: fatigues, weakness, arrhythmias, bradycardia, CHF, pulmonary edema |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antiarrhythmics, P: beta blockers (NONselective). ADRs: fatigue, weakness, arrhythmia, bradycardia, CHF, pulmonary edema |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antianginals, antihypertensives. P: beta blockers (Nonselective). ADR: bradycardia, CHF, pulmonary edema, fatigue |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antianginal, antihypertensive. P: Calcium channel blockers...for vvascular smooth muscle ONLY.Act: inhibits Ca transport into myocardial cells..systemic vasodilation |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antianginal, antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive, ca channel b locker...heart AND vascular smooth muscle, reflex tachycardia is a problem. ADR: arrythmia, CHF, peripheral edema |
|
|
Term
| verapamil (Calan, Isoptin)* |
|
Definition
| T: antianginal, antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive, ca channel b locker...heart AND vascular smooth muscle, reflex tachycardia is a problem. ADR: arrythmia, CHF, peripheral edema |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antianginal, antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive, ca channel b locker...heart AND vascular smooth muscle, reflex tachycardia is a problem. ADR: arrythmia, CHF, peripheral edema |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antianginal, antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive, ca channel b locker...heart AND vascular smooth muscle, reflex tachycardia is a problem. ADR: arrythmia, CHF, peripheral edema |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antianginal, antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive, ca channel b locker...heart AND vascular smooth muscle, reflex tachycardia is a problem. ADR: arrythmia, CHF, peripheral edema |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antianginal, antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive, ca channel b locker...heart AND vascular smooth muscle, reflex tachycardia is a problem. ADR: arrythmia, CHF, peripheral edema |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
T: antianginal, antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive P: Calcium channel blocker...heart AND vascular smooth muscle, reflex tachycardia is a problem. ADR: arrythmia, CHF, peripheral edema |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antihypertensive. P: adrenergics (centrally acting). ACT: decreases sympathetic outflow inhibiting cardioacceleration and vasoconstriction centers. ADRs: drowsiness, dry mouth, Raynaud's, orthostatic hypotension, impotence, withdrawl phenomenon. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antihypertensive. P: adrenergics (centrally acting). ACT: decreases sympathetic outflow inhibiting cardioacceleration and vasoconstriction centers. ADRs: drowsiness, dry mouth, Raynaud's, orthostatic hypotension, impotence, withdrawl phenomenon. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antihypertensive. P: adrenergics (centrally acting). ACT: decreases sympathetic outflow inhibiting cardioacceleration and vasoconstriction centers. ADRs: drowsiness, dry mouth, Raynaud's, orthostatic hypotension, impotence, withdrawl phenomenon. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antihypertensive. P: adrenergics (centrally acting). ACT: decreases sympathetic outflow inhibiting cardioacceleration and vasoconstriction centers. ADRs: drowsiness, dry mouth, Raynaud's, orthostatic hypotension, impotence, withdrawl phenomenon. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T; antihypertensives. P: peripherally acting antiadrenergics. Act: dilates arteries, veins, decreases contractions in smooth muscle. BPH use, also reduces preload and afterload. ADRs: orthostatic hypotension, tolerance over time, sodium and fluid retention |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T; antihypertensives. P: peripherally acting antiadrenergics. Act: dilates arteries, veins, decreases contractions in smooth muscle. BPH use, also reduces preload and afterload. ADRs: orthostatic hypotension, tolerance over time, sodium and fluid retention |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T; antihypertensives. P: peripherally acting antiadrenergics. Act: dilates arteries, veins, decreases contractions in smooth muscle. BPH use, also reduces preload and afterload. ADRs: orthostatic hypotension, tolerance over time, sodium and fluid retention |
|
|
Term
| Minoxidil (Loniten or Rogaine)* |
|
Definition
| T: antihypertensives P: vasodilators Act: directly relaxes vascular smooth muscle ADR: reflexive tachycardia, salt and water retention, drug-induced erythematosus (SLE). Similar to hydralazine but more intense, ADR's also more intense. HYPERTRICHOSIS |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| vasodilators, reserved for HTN emergencies |
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|
Term
| Sodium nitroprusside (Nipride)* |
|
Definition
| Mixed arterial and venous vasodilators. Rapid lower BP, returns to pretreatment livels quickly. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antiarrhythmics, inotropics P: digitalis glycosides. ACT: increases the force of myocardial contraction, shorter duration. ADRs: fatigue, bradycardia, anorexia, arrhythmia, N.V, fatigue |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: aniarrhythmics, positive inotropes. Long duration |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: inotropics, vasopressors. P: adrenergics. Dose dependent: low increases urine output; medium increasess urine output and cardiac output; high doses decrease urine output and bp increases- clue too high dose. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: inotropics P: adrenergics. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: inotropics P: bipyridines. Act: increase myocardial contractility, decrease preload and afterload by direct dilatin effect..needs close monitoring. ADRs: arryhthmias, hypotension, thrombocytopenia, tachyphylaxis |
|
|
Term
| quinidine (sulfate, gluconate)* |
|
Definition
| T: antiarrhythmics. Act: decrease myocardial excitability. ADRs: anorexia, abdominal cramping, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting |
|
|
Term
| procainamide (Pronestyl)* |
|
Definition
| T: antiarrhythmics. Act: decreases myocardial excitability, slows conduction velocity ADR: seizures, asystole, heart block, ventricular arrhythmias, diarrhea |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: anesthetics (topical/local), antiarrhythmics. Act: suppresses automaticity and spontaneous depolarization of the ventricles during diastole by altering the flux of sodium ions across cell membranes, little or no effect on heart rate. ADRs: seizaures, confusion, drowsiness, cardiac arreest, allergic reactions. REDUCES automaticity |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: Group 1b antiarrhythmics, ventricular dysrrhtmias treats |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: Group 1b antiarrhythmics, ventricular dysrrhtmias treats |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: Group 1b antiarrhythmics, ventricular dysrrhtmias treats |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: group 1c antiarrhythmics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: group 1c antiarrhythmics. Slows conduction in cardiac tissue by altering transport of ions across cell membranes. May make existing asymptomatic arrhythmia worse (VT), exacerbate heart failure. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antianginals, antiarrhythmics (class2), antihypertensives, vascular headache suppresants. P: beta blockers ADR: too much blockage: sinus arrest, CHF; bronchospasm (beta 2 blockade); blocks SA node, hypotension from decreased cardiac outup. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antianginals, antiarrhythmics (class2), antihypertensives, vascular headache suppresants. P: beta blockers |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antianginals, antiarrhythmics (class2), antihypertensives, vascular headache suppresants. P: beta blockers |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antiarrhythmics (class3). Act: prolongs action potential and refractory period, inhibits adrenergic stimulation, slows sinus rate, increases PVR. ADRs: IV: bradycardia, hypotension; PO: highly toxic, corneal microdeposits, bluish-gray skin discolor, pulmonary infiltrates and fibrosis...irreversible, most serious |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: group three but in its own group. for life-threatening dysrhythmias: sustained VT, A-fib, A-flutter, coupled PVCs...hypokalemia and arrhythmias associated, bradycardia, heart failure, bronchospasm. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antiarrhythmics (class3). rare use, causes severe hypotension, used for VF, VT if other therapies fail |
|
|
Term
| verapramil (Calan, Isoptin)* |
|
Definition
| T: grp 4 antiarrhythmics. Act: inhibit transmembrane flow of Ca ions (SLOWS). For atrial tachycardia. or rapid ventricular response if beta blocker isn't working. ADR: bradycardia, heart failure. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: grp 4 antiarrhythmics. Act: inhibit transmembrane flow of Ca ions (SLOWS). For atrial tachycardia. or rapid ventricular response if beta blocker isn't working. ADR: bradycardia, heart failure. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: in its own class antiarrhythmics. Act: inhibits the effect of catecholamine stimulation. SLOWS conduction through AV node to restore NSR. USED in PHARM STRESS TEST- causes voronary artery vasodilation so can see perfusion defects. CAUSES a SCENE: short half life, injected close to heart, pt has severe reaction of doom |
|
|
Term
| nitroglycerin SL tablets (Nitrostat)* |
|
Definition
| T: antianginals P: nitrates. Act: directly relaxes smooth muscle causing vasodilation...decreases preload, decreases SV< so less myocardial oxygen consumption and higher oxygen supply is avail. ADR: headache, orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia, flushing..tolerance develops: provide drug-free interval. |
|
|
Term
| nitroglycerin I (Tridil, Nitro-Bid IV) |
|
Definition
| T: antianginals P: nitrates. |
|
|
Term
| nitroglycerin translingual (Nitrolingual) |
|
Definition
| T: antianginals P: nitrates. |
|
|
Term
| nitroglycerin sustained release (Nitro-Bid)* |
|
Definition
| T: antianginals P: nitrates. |
|
|
Term
| nitroglycerin ointment (Nitro-Bid, Nitrol) |
|
Definition
| T: antianginals P: nitrates. |
|
|
Term
| nitroglycerin transdermal patches (Nitro-Dur)* |
|
Definition
| T: antianginals P: nitrates. |
|
|
Term
| Isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil) |
|
Definition
| T: antianginals P: nitrates. Produce vasodilation (venous greater than arterial. Decreases LV end-diastolic pressure and volume (lower preload)...reducing myocardial oxygen consumption |
|
|
Term
| Isosorbide mononitrate (Imdur*, ISMO) |
|
Definition
| T: antianginals P: nitrates. Produce vasodilation (venous greater than arterial. Decreases LV end-diastolic pressure and volume (lower preload)...reducing myocardial oxygen consumption |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: lipid-lowering agents P: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Act: inhibits an enzyme responsible for catalyzing early step in cholesterol synthesis. Slows progression of coronary atherosclerosis, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: lipid-lowering agents P: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Act: inhibits an enzyme responsible for catalyzing early step in cholesterol synthesis. Slows progression of coronary atherosclerosis, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: lipid-lowering agents P: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Act: inhibits an enzyme responsible for catalyzing early step in cholesterol synthesis. Slows progression of coronary atherosclerosis, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: lipid-lowering agents P: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Act: inhibits an enzyme responsible for catalyzing early step in cholesterol synthesis. Slows progression of coronary atherosclerosis, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: lipid-lowering agents P: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Act: inhibits an enzyme responsible for catalyzing early step in cholesterol synthesis. Slows progression of coronary atherosclerosis, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: lipid-lowering agents P: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Act: inhibits an enzyme responsible for catalyzing early step in cholesterol synthesis. Slows progression of coronary atherosclerosis, |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| GI, myopathy and rhabdomyolysis- teach patient to report muscle aches, CPK levels, hepatotoxicity, measure liver enzymes. NO for pregnancy (cat x) |
|
|
Term
| Nictonic Acid (Niacin, Vitamin B3)* |
|
Definition
| T: lipid-lowering agents, vitamins. P: water-soluble vitamins. Act: inhibits VLDL production in liver (precursor to LDL) Vitamin Niacin is much lower dose. ADRs: flushing, due to prostaglandin mediation..take on a full stomach or take aspirin 30 min before dose. Adr: hepatoxicity, hyperglycemia, gouty arthritis. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: lipid-lowering agents. P: bile acid sequestrants |
|
|
Term
| cholestyramine (Questran, Prevalite powder) |
|
Definition
| T: lipid-lowering agents. P: bile acid sequestrants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: lipid-lowering agents. P: bile acid sequestrants. Exchange resins: binds with bile in intestine, body makes more. LDL decrease 20% in first month, VLDLs may increase..caution. Alone, or combo with statin...ADR: constipation, bloating, flatulence, nausea, TASTES BAD- problem with noncompliance. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: lipid-lowering agents P: fibric acid derivatives. Best for DIABETES (high triglycerides), as it will lower them 40-50%, increases HDL, but does not lower LDL, so that needs to be treated with a statin. ADRs: rashes, general GI complaints, gallstones, intolerance of fried foods. High risk of myositis with statins. Warfarin displaced by gemfibrozil, so higher anticoagulation! |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: lipid-lowering agent P: cholesterol absorption inhibitors. GOOD for decreasing cholesterol as adjunct to diet mod, use with statin to combo |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: anticoagulants P: antithrombotics. Act: low-molecular weight heparin, subQ injection. potentiate the inhibitory effect of antithrombin on factor Xa and thrombin. Use at home, no monitoring, safer. First line Tx for DVT prevention, safe for pregnancy |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: anticoagulants PL antithrombotics...Act: low-molecular weight heparin, subQ injections |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
T: anticoagulants
P: antithrombotics
Act: low-molecular weight heparin, subQ injections |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: anticoagulants P: coumarins. ADRs: pregnancy X Act: inhibition of blood clotting by interfering with hepatic synthesis of VitK dependent clotting factors. Used as prophylactic TIAs, recurrent MI, prevent DVT, emboli, A-fib clotting issues. MONITOR: prothrombin time (PT), international normalized ration (INR). NOT useful in emergencies. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antipyretics, nonopioid analgesics, salicylates. Prophylactic of transient ischemic attacks and MI, decreases platelet aggregation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antiplatelet agents P: platelet aggregation inhibitors. Alters platelet membrane function. ADRs: diarrhea, rashes, aplastic anemia, neutropenia, antracerebral bleeding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antiplatelet agents P: platelet aggregation inhibitors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antiplatelet agents P: platelet aggregation inhibitors |
|
|
Term
| dipyridamole (persantine)* |
|
Definition
| T: antiplatelet agents, diagnostic agents (coronary vasodilators) P: platelet adhesion inhibitors. Act: suppresses platelet aggregation, used to prevent thromboembolism following heart valve replacement surgery. |
|
|
Term
| dipyridamole with aspirin (Aggrenox) |
|
Definition
| T: antiplatelet. For prevention of recurrent stroke or TIA. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antiplatelet agents P: platelet aggregation inhibitors. For platelet inhibition and vasodilator for intermittent claudication (pain and cramping in legs, brought on by exercise, relieved with rest) Not for HF patient, as higher death with these types. |
|
|
Term
| streptokinase (Kabikinase, Streptase)* |
|
Definition
| T: thrombolytics P: plasminogen activators. Act: for acute deep vein thrombosis and acute arterial thrombi...converts plasminogen to plasmin, which is then able to degrade fibrin present in clots. Combines with plasminogen to form activator complexes (doesn't directly activate plasminogen). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: thrombolytics P plasminogen activators. Act: acute MI, massive pulmonary emboli, acute ischemic stroke, occluded central venous access devices. THIS one is strong, directly activates plasminogen. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: thrombolytics P: plasminogen activator |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: thrombolytics P: plasminogen activator |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: thrombolytics P: plasminogen activator |
|
|
Term
| epoetin alfa (Erythropoietin, Epogen)* |
|
Definition
| T: antianemics P: hormones.Act: stimulate red blood cell growht..chemo therapy induced anemia, chronic renal failure, this stimulates erythrocyte formation ADR: HTN, so in CRF, HTN meds may need adjustment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: colon-stimulating factors (leukopoietic). IV, subQ: elevates neutrophil counts in cancer patients or others with neutropenia, reduces infection risk. VERY expensive. |
|
|
Term
| oprelvekin (Interlukin-11)* |
|
Definition
| T: colonyt-stimulationg factors, P: interleukins, thrombopoetic growth factors. Route: subQ. Use: stimulate platelet production in chemo patients with low counts. |
|
|
Term
| calcium carbonate (Tums, Rolaids)* |
|
Definition
| T: mineral and electrolyte replacements/supplements. ADRs: hypercalcemia, affect GI, renal, CNS. VitD increases absorption. SUPPLEMENT for children and elderly |
|
|
Term
| calcium citrate (Citracal)* |
|
Definition
| T: mineral and electrolyte replacements/supplements. ADRs: hypercalcemia, affect GI, renal, CNS. VitD increases absorption. SUPPLEMENT for children and elderly |
|
|
Term
| calcitonin salmon (Calcimar) |
|
Definition
| T: mineral and electolyte supplements/replacements. UseL established post menopausal osteoporosis (NOT preventative). suppresses bone resorption. Nasal spray or injection. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: bone resorption inhibtors P: biphosphonates Use: helps to decrease resorption of bone, post menopause, Paget's, use of steroids. ADRs: esophogeal erosion, poor absorption with any food. Take with water, remain upright 30 min. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: bone resorption inhibitors. P: biphosphonates |
|
|
Term
| zoledronate (Zometa) IV form |
|
Definition
| T: bone resorption inhibitors. P: biphosphonates THIS one is good for a few months (IV form) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: bone resorption inhibitors P: selective estrogen receptor modulators. Act: estrogen/antiestrogen, protect bone but act against breast cancer. ADR: venous thromboembolus. CAUTION: prolonged immobilization, FETAL HARM |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: hormones P: parathyroid hormones (rDNA origin) Act: decreases bone resorption and increases bone formation. ONLY drug that does this, admin by subQ |
|
|
Term
| albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin)* |
|
Definition
| Acute, inhaled T: bronchodilators P: adrenergics. Acts: binds to beta2 adrenergic receptors in airway smooth muscle, leading to increase in cAMP activate kinases, decreasing intracellular calcium...relaxation of airway smooth muscle and subsequent bronchodilation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Acute, inhaled. T: bronchodilators, P: adrenergics |
|
|
Term
| terbutaline (Brethaire, Bricanyl) |
|
Definition
| Chronic, oral T: bronchodilators P: adrenergics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chronic, inhaled T: bronchodilators. P: adrenergics |
|
|
Term
| beclomethasone (Beclovent, Vanceril)* |
|
Definition
| T: antiasthmatics, antiinflammatories (steroidal) P: corticosteroids (inhalation) Act: potent, locally acting anti-inflammatory and immune modifier. Decreases frequency and severity of asthma attacks, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antiasthmatics, antiinflammatories (steroidal) P: corticosteroids (inhalation) Act: potent, locally acting anti-inflammatory and immune modifier. Decreases frequency and severity of asthma attacks, |
|
|
Term
| triamcinolone (Azmacort)* |
|
Definition
| T: antiasthmatics, antiinflammatories (steroidal) P: corticosteroids (inhalation) Act: potent, locally acting anti-inflammatory and immune modifier. Decreases frequency and severity of asthma attacks, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antiasthmatics, antiinflammatories (steroidal) P: corticosteroids (inhalation) Act: potent, locally acting anti-inflammatory and immune modifier. Decreases frequency and severity of asthma attacks, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T: antiasthmatics, antiinflammatories (steroidal) P: corticosteroids (inhalation) Act: potent, locally acting anti-inflammatory and immune modifier. Decreases frequency and severity of asthma attacks, |
|
|
Term
| fluticasone and salmetrol (Advair diskus)* |
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Definition
| glucocoricoid and long acting beta2 agonist. |
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Term
| aminophylline (Truphylline) |
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Definition
| T: bronchodilators P: xanthines Act: long term control of reversible airway obstruction caused by asthma or COPD. Increases diaphragmatic contractility. especially used in older patients (Methylxanthine agents). Inhibits phosphodiesterase (the enzyme that destroys cAMP), so it relaxes smooth muscle. ADR: nervousness, insomnia, HA, nausea, tachycardia, seizures, death! |
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Term
|
Definition
| T: bronchodilators P: xanthines Act: long term control of reversible airway obstruction caused by asthma or COPD. Increases diaphragmatic contractility. especially used in older patients (Methylxanthine agents). Inhibits phosphodiesterase (the enzyme that destroys cAMP), so it relaxes smooth muscle. ADR: nervousness, insomnia, HA, nausea, tachycardia, seizures, death! |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| T: bronchodilators P: leukotriene antagonists. Use; long term control of asthma, in conjunction with glucocorticoid. gradually, can decrease inhaled corticosteroids. NOT effective against acute asthma |
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Term
|
Definition
| T: allergy, cold, and cough remedies, bronchodilators P: leukotriene antagonists. Act: antagonizes the effects of leukotrienes, which mediate airway edema, smooth muscle constriction, altered cellular activity. Prevention and chronic treatment of asthma, seasonal allergic rhinitis. |
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Term
|
Definition
| T: antiasthmatics, bronchodilators P: leukotriene antagonists |
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Term
|
Definition
| T: antiasthmatics, allergy, cold, and cough remedies P: mast cell stabilizers. Act: prevents release of histamine, leukotrienes, decreases frequence and intensity of asthmatic episodes, allergic reactions, and mastocytosis. ADRs: minimal: dry mouth, irritated throat, HA. NOT for acute attack, but decrease attacks. Needs at least 3 weeks of daily dosing. |
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