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Cardiovascular Drugs
Essentials of Pharmacology for Health Occupations 6th edition
25
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 1
05/22/2014

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Term
Medications that affect the heart and blood vessels as well as anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents that prevent clotting.
Definition
Cardiovascular Drugs
Term
Uses for cardiac glycosides
Definition
primarily in the treatment of heart failure
Term
digoxin (Lanoxin)
Definition
Example of a cardiac Glycoside
Term
Digitalization
Definition
process of establishing the correct therapeutic dose of digoxin for maintaing optimal functioning of the heart without toxic effects.
Term
Antiarrythmic agents
Definition
Include a variety of drugs that act in different ways to suppress various types of cardiac arrhythmias
Term
Beta-Adrenergic Blockers
(propranolol)
Definition
prescribed for arrhythmias, hypertension and some forms of chronic angina.
Term
Calcium Channel Blockers
verapamil, diltiazem
Definition
indicated for treatment of atrial fibrillation/flutter and PSVT.
Also used in the treatment of angina and hypertension.
Term
Hypertension
Definition
systolic BP >140
diastolic BP > 90
Term
prehypertension
Definition
systolic range of 120-139
diastolic range of 80-89
Term
Lifestyle changes to avoid taking antihypertensive medications
Definition
DASH diet
reduce sodium intake
increase physical activity
modify alcohol use
stop smoking
Term
Most common side effect of antihypertensives
Definition
hypotension
Term
Action of ACE Inhibitors
enalapril, lisinopril, captopril
Definition
lowers blood pressure by decreasing vasoconstriction
Term
Action Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
losartan, valsartan
Definition
block the angiotensin receptor that causes vasoconstriction when stimulated by angiotensin II.
Term
Uses for coronary vasodilators
Definition
treatment of angina
(angina pectoris)
Term
isosorbide
nitroglycerin
Definition
Most commonly used for relief of acute angina pectoris
Term
low-density lipoproteins (LDL)
Definition
bad cholesterol; carry's the largest amount of the cholesterol in the blood and is responsible for transporting and depositing it in the arterial walls.
Term
Very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL)
Definition
triglycerides; precursors of LDL and compose the largest proportion of lipids in the diet, adipose tissue, and the blood
Term
high-density lipoproteins (HDL)
Definition
good cholesterol; help transport LDL cholesterol from the walls of the arteries through the bloodstream to the liver for excretion.
Term
Statins
atorvistatin, simvastatin
Definition
most potent lipid-lowering medication available. First choice in managing high cholesterol.
Term
Anticoagulants
Definition
prevent formation of clots (embolism/thrombosis)
Term
warfarin (Coumadin)
Definition
alters the synthesis of blood coagulation factors in the liver by interfering with the action of vitamin K
Term
laboratory method for monitoring therapy with coumarin derivatives
Definition
International Normalized Ratio (INR)
Term
Most common laboratory test for monitoring heparin therapy
Definition
activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
Term
Platelet Inhibitors
Definition
prevent platelet clumping
secondary prevention in patients with a history of recent stroke, recent MI, or established peripheral vascular disease.
Term
aspirin
Plavix
Definition
Examples of platelet inhibitors
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