Term
| A client is 2-3 weeks status post strep throat. What is he at risk for next? |
|
Definition
| rheumatic fever, leading to rheumatic heart disease |
|
|
Term
| A person with hypertensive crisis is at risk for what specific event? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ACE inhibitors: adverse reaction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abmount of blood heart pumps out each minute |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Basic types of food to avoid (how they're prepared)(2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bumex: diet consideration |
|
Definition
| Increase potassium intake |
|
|
Term
| Calcium channel blockers: what NOT to worry about. |
|
Definition
| Will not affect bones. CCBs block calcium ions, not bone-forming calcium |
|
|
Term
| Cardiac tamponade: disease process (4) |
|
Definition
- fluid accumulates in the pericardium
- pressure on the heart prevents the heart's ventricles from filling properly
- low stroke volume
- end result is ineffective pumping of blood, shock, and often death. |
|
|
Term
| Cardiomyopathy: Disease process (6) |
|
Definition
- Portion of heart muscle suffocates, deteriorates and necroses
- dead area is replaced with non-functioning scar tissue
- reduced heart efficiency puts additional stress on heart, leading to hypertrophy of myocardium
- cardiac output drops
- eventual heart failure |
|
|
Term
| Cardiomyopathy: drug treatment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Characteristic of infective endocarditis that makes it difficult to treat |
|
Definition
| Infected area gets covered - thus protected - by platelets and fibrin |
|
|
Term
| Cholesterol reference range |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Creatinine reference range |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Deposit of fatty material in the artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Digoxin and Myocarditis: nursing consideration |
|
Definition
| Patients with myocarditis are typically more sensitive to digoxin. Toxicity risk is higher. Half-doses may be ordered. |
|
|
Term
| Digoxin: Nursing considerations (2) |
|
Definition
- Monitor for Digoxin toxicity
- Monitor potassium levels, especially if patient also on diuretics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Increases the force of myocardial contraction |
|
|
Term
| Digoxin: treatments for toxicity (2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Elimination of fluid and potassium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- take in AM
- Take with K-enriched foods |
|
|
Term
| Endocarditis: hallmark sx |
|
Definition
- High fever
- heart murmur |
|
|
Term
| First line of treatment for hypertension |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
For whom would beta blockers be a waste of time?
A) Ronan
B) Carly
C) Adenike
D) Stacy
E) Mr. Adnan |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Primary (Essential) hypertension |
|
|
Term
| High BP that is a symptom of a specific cause |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you know diuretics are working |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hypertension drug therapy: age-related consideration |
|
Definition
| Drug tolerance decreases with age. Older patients should be started more slowly. |
|
|
Term
| Hypertension medication of choice for blacks |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hypertension most affects these four things |
|
Definition
- heart
- kidneys
- brain
- eyes |
|
|
Term
| Infective endocarditis: diagnostics |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Infective endocarditis: prevention |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Isolated systolic hypertension increases what risk among elderly? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Magnesium reference range |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Maximal pressure exerted on arteries during contraction of left ventricle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common form of arteriosclerosis, in which fats are deposited on arterial walls |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Myocarditis: drug treatment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nickname for hypertension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Peripheral vascular resistance |
|
Definition
| Opposition to blood flow through the vessels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Part of the kidney that senses pressure |
|
|
Term
D) Notify RN
Holding the next dose will probably be next, but that's not your call. |
|
Definition
| Patient on Heparin or Coumading has bleeding gums. What do you do? A) Switch to Trident B) Oral care C) Hold the next dose D) Notify RN |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Patient shows signs of pulmonary effusion. What do you do? |
|
|
Term
C) raise his head.
He's suffering from an increased fluid volume around his heart and lungs.
(unless he really does have a pillow on his face) |
|
Definition
Patient wakes up feeling like he's suffocating. What do you do?
A) take the pillow off his face
B) raise his feet
C) raise his head
D) give him something warm and soothing to drink |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Powerful vasoconstrictor produced by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pressure on arterial walls when ventricles are at rest |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pulmonary effusion: Nursing prevention |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pulmonary effusion: s/sx (4) |
|
Definition
- Feeling of pending doom
- Sudden severe SOB (hence the pending doom)
- Sudden chest pain (yes, more reason for pending doom)
- decrease in pulse ox (now the nurse senses pending doom) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rhematic carditis: prevention (for all) |
|
Definition
| - treat sore throats promptly |
|
|
Term
Rheumatic carditis is usually what kind of disease?
A) Viral
B) Bacterial
C) Fungal
D) Autoimmune |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rheumatic carditis: history-specific prevention |
|
Definition
| - prophylactic antibiotics before every invasive procedure for those with history of rheumatic fever |
|
|
Term
| Rheumatic carditis: s/sx (5) |
|
Definition
- pericardial rub
- increased heart rate
- heart murmur
- chest pain
- heart enlargement |
|
|
Term
| Second line of treatment for hypertension |
|
Definition
| Diuretics (if lifestyle change fails after 6 months) |
|
|
Term
| Sign of left-sided heart failure (2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sign of right-sided heat failure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Signature sign of hypertensive crisis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- spinach
- lima beans
- garbonzo beans |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- milk
- spinach
- bananas
- oranges
- yogurt
- broccoli |
|
|
Term
| Systolic > 140, diastolic < 90 |
|
Definition
| Isolated systolic hypertension |
|
|
Term
| Teaching regarding exercise |
|
Definition
| Should be consistent and within capabilities |
|
|
Term
| Term denoting normal blood pressure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Therapeutic range for INR |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Those with Rheumatic carditis usually have what kind of history? |
|
Definition
| Beta hemolytic group A strep throat |
|
|
Term
| Three types of rheumatic carditis |
|
Definition
- endocarditis
- myocarditis
- pericarditis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Treatment of pain and swelling from DVT flare-up? |
|
Definition
- moist, warm compression
- NSAIDS |
|
|
Term
| Uric acid reference range |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What areas do infective endocarditis affect? |
|
Definition
| - mitral and aortic valves |
|
|
Term
| What determines blood pressure? (4) |
|
Definition
- cardiac output
- peripheral vascular resistance
- blood viscosity (thickness)
- blood volume |
|
|
Term
| What does Rheumatic carditis usually affect |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the nurse do to prevent DVT? |
|
Definition
- measure calf (moo!)
- elevate legs (not yours, the patient's!) |
|
|
Term
| What is the major cause of hypertensive crisis? |
|
Definition
| Client with history of hypertension stops taking meds - BP spikes. |
|
|
Term
| What is the major complication of infective endocarditis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the signature sign of infective endocarditis? |
|
Definition
| splinter hemorrhages under nails |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Where's the best place for a patient with DVT?
A) Ron's chair
B) Matt's bicycle
C) Nicole's bed
D) The other end of Douglas' leash |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which patient(s) can be sent home? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
A) Patient who just dated Ron
B) Patient on Heparin
C) Patient on Coumadin
D) Patient on Digoxin |
|
Definition
C) Patient on Coumadin
D) Patient on Digoxin
Heparin is fast-acting, and needs to be monitored closely.
The patient who dated Ron will need to go back to the psyche ward. |
|
|
Term
Who is most prone to hypertension?
A) Ngok
B) Olaniyi
C) Matt
D) Mrs. Lee |
|
Definition
B) Olaniyi
(Except when grading tests, it's Mrs. Lee) |
|
|
Term
| Who tends to be at risk for pulmonary effusion? |
|
Definition
- Those on prolonged bedrest
- Those who constantly cross their legs in bed (probably not Ron). |
|
|
Term
| Antihypertensive of choice for europeans |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| note regarding Asians and hypertensive meds |
|
Definition
| They are more sensitive to beta blockers than other ethnicities |
|
|
Term
| Phosphorus reference range |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Men or Women: Who develops CVD earlier, and how much earlier? |
|
Definition
| Men, about 10 years earlier |
|
|
Term
| Part of the aging process in which the intimal lining of the artery wall loses elasticity and weakens. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The formation of plaque within the arterial wall. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An early indication of injury to an artery. |
|
Definition
| Fatty streak on the lining of the artery. |
|
|
Term
| Build-up of fatty deposits |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Affect of reduced blood flow to the area distal to an occlusion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Difference between hypoxia and ischemia |
|
Definition
Hypoxia: lack of oxygen to an area of the body
Ischemia: lack of blood (and all blood nutrients) to an area of the body |
|
|
Term
| Main issue confounding early detection of atherosclerosis. |
|
Definition
| Client often has no symptoms during early development of atherosclerosis, therefore does not consider testing. |
|
|
Term
| Modifiable risk factor of atherosclerosis that you might not THINK of as modifiable. |
|
Definition
| Diabetes - while it may not be curable, it is manageable. |
|
|
Term
| Atherosclerosis: s/sx (not related to extremities) (7) |
|
Definition
- chest pain
- dizziness
- diaphoresis
- SOB
- nausia
- weakness
- fatigue |
|
|
Term
| Atherosclerosis: s/sx relating to extremities (8) |
|
Definition
- pallor in nailbeds
- reddish purple color in lower extrem.
- thickened nails
- dry skin
- loss of hair on extrem.
- diminished peripheral pulses
- cooler skin temp in extrem.
- prolonged cap. refill. |
|
|
Term
| Atherosclerosis: diagnostic risks |
|
Definition
Cholesterol: high
Triglicerides: high
HDLs: low
LDLs: high
Glucose: high |
|
|
Term
| Atherosclerosis: diagnostic detection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Primary cause of increased cholesterol levels |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does smoking increase risk of CAD? (2) |
|
Definition
- contributes to loss of HDLs
- causes vasoconstriction |
|
|
Term
| Only foods of what origin contain cholesterol? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is contained in vegetable oil products that increases risk for cardiovascular disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Factors that contribute to development of collateral circulation (2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How long might it take for lipid levels to respond to drug therapy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The pain associated with CAD that occurs from a lack of oxygen to the myocardiam. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If a patient has elevated pulmonary vascular pressures, what physiological cardiac change is most likely to develop? |
|
Definition
| Right ventricular hypertrophy |
|
|
Term
| Classic sign of pulmonary edema |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the action of inotropic agents? |
|
Definition
| Strengthening heart contractions |
|
|
Term
Furosemide: Which effect confirms that it's working?
A) Increased pulse pressure
B) Increased heart rate
C) Increased urine output
D) Decreased heart rate
E) Decreased serum potassium
F) Decreased jugular vein distention |
|
Definition
| C) Increased urine output |
|
|
Term
| Anxious dyspnic patient: How best to help relieve anxiety. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following does the nurse understand are the reasons a patient with pulmonary edema is given morphine sulfate?
A) Relieve chest pain
B) Strengthen heart contractions
C) Reduce anxiety
D) Reduce preload
E) increase blood pressure
F) reduce afterload
G) General pain relief |
|
Definition
C) reduce anxiety
D) reduce preload
F) reduce afterload |
|
|
Term
| Furosimide: Lab test to monitor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Digoxin: Which is a sign of toxicity?
A) Elevated potassium
B) Decreased potassium
C) Poor appetite
D) Constipation
E) Visual disturbances
F) Tachycardia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Digoxin: condition that predisposes client to toxicity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Digoxin: Typical adult daily dosage
A) 0.25 mcg
B) 0.025 mg
C) 0.25 mg
D) 2.5 mg
E) 2.5 mcg
F) 25 mcg
G) 25 mg |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
To monitor the severity of a patient's heart failure, which of the following assessments is the most appropriate for the nurse to include as a daily assessment in the plan of care?
A) Abdominal girth
B) Appetite
C) Calorie count
D) Input/output
E) Weight |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Digoxin: Effects on blood |
|
Definition
- Potassium levels decrease
- Dig levels increase |
|
|
Term
| Potassium-sparing loop diuretic that works on the distal tubule |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Doctor orders Digoxin. What else would you expect to see ordered? |
|
Definition
| Potassium chloride, 10-20 MG |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Procardiac: classification |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Patient on hypertension meds. Latest BP=120/80. What do you do? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
A) hold dose
B) give dose
C) ask MD about reducing dosage |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Beta blockers: pre-admin intervention |
|
Definition
| Check BP and pulse. Hold if sys<100, dias<70, or pulse<60 |
|
|
Term
| Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG); advantage and disadvantage of using mammary artery over saphenous |
|
Definition
A: longer patency
D: procedure more difficult and time-consuming. |
|
|
Term
| Abnormally elevated blood pressure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
BP = 120-80
category and recommended follow-up
1 year |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
BP = 135/92
category and recommended follow-up |
|
Definition
135/92
Stage 1 HTN (s=140-159, d=90-99)
2 months |
|
|
Term
BP = 142/88
category and recommended follow-up |
|
Definition
142/88
Stage 1 HTN (s=140-159, d=90-99)
2 months
NOTE: Isolated systolic HTN |
|
|
Term
BP = 162/99
category and recommended follow-up |
|
Definition
162/99
stage 2 HTN (s=160+, d=100+)
1 month |
|
|
Term
BP = 166/105
category and recommended follow-up |
|
Definition
166/105
Stage 2 HTN (s=160+, d=100+)
1 month |
|
|
Term
BP = 175/111
category and recommended follow-up |
|
Definition
175/111
Stage 2(+) HTN (diastolic 111+)
treat immediately. Follow-up within 1 week |
|
|
Term
BP = 181/105
category and recommended follow-up |
|
Definition
181/105
Stage 2(+) HTN (systolic 181+)
within 1 week |
|
|
Term
| Bumex: diet consideration |
|
Definition
| Increase potassium intake |
|
|
Term
| Cardiomyopathy: drug treatment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cholesterol reference range |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Digoxin: Nursing considerations (2) |
|
Definition
- Monitor for Digoxin toxicity
- Monitor potassium levels, especially if patient also on diuretics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Increases the force of myocardial contraction |
|
|
Term
| High BP that is a symptom of a specific cause |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you know diuretics are working? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Signs of left-sided heart failure (2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sign of right-sided heat failure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| antihypertensive of choice for europeans |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Coronary Artery Bypass Graft: Purpose (2) |
|
Definition
- Increase blood flow to myocardium
- Alleviate angina |
|
|
Term
| Endarterectomy: What to expect in the long-term |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic symptom of an arterial clot |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Aneurysm: Treatment and its goal |
|
Definition
| Reduce BP to lessen chance of rupture. |
|
|
Term
Thoracic aneurysm: s/sx (3)
- Chest pain
- Shoulder pain |
|
Definition
| - Back pain (caused by pressure on vertebrae) |
|
|
Term
| Dissecting aneurysm: Definition |
|
Definition
| Process of artery wall layers being pulled apart |
|
|
Term
| Dissecting aneurysm: s/sx |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Prominent, pulsating bulge in abdomen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What NOT to do to an abdominal aneurysm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Modifiable risk factors for blood clots (2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Risk factors for VENOUS blood clots (3) |
|
Definition
- extended bed rest
- crossing legs
- dehydration (increases blood viscosity) |
|
|
Term
| Chest x-ray indicates fluid in lung bases. What symptom present at nursing assessment reflects these findings? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Heart failure: Basic explanation to patient |
|
Definition
| Heart not pumping efficiently |
|
|
Term
| Heart failure patient has increasing fatigue, most likely caused by _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following are s/sx of left-sided heart failure? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
A) Dry cough
B) peripheral edema
C) Crackles
D) Hepatomegaly
E) Jugular vein distention
F) Dyspnea
G) Spenomegaly
H) Orthopnea |
|
Definition
A) Dry cough
C) Crackles
F) Dyspnea
H) Orthopnea |
|
|
Term
Which of the following are s/sx of right-sided heart failure? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
A) Dry cough
B) peripheral edema
C) Crackles
D) Hepatomegaly
E) Jugular vein distention
F) Dyspnea
G) Spenomegaly
H) Orthopnea |
|
Definition
B) Peripheral edema
D) Hepatomegaly
E) Jugular vein distention
G) Splenomegaly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Plaque buildup within arterial wall |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Skin breakdown as a result of chronic venous insufficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| High-density lipoprotein (HDL) |
|
|
Term
| Vessels grow to compensate for blocked blood flow |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Procedure that compresses plaque against wall of artery |
|
Definition
| Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty |
|
|
Term
| Chest pain caused by decreased blood supply to the heart |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chest pain that usually subsides with rest |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chest pain that increases in frequency and is not relieved by rest |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tortuous and bulging veins, usually in lower extremity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Disease causing venospasms when exposed to cold |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A bulging or dilation of an artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Death of a portion of the myocardium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Laboratory value that determines degree of damage to the heart |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exertional pain (usually calf) that ceases with rest |
|
Definition
| Intermittent claudication |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is a calcium channel blocker?
- Nitroglycerin
- Cholestyramine (Questran)
- Propranolol (Inderal)
- Nifedipine (Procardia)
- Streptokinase
- Dipyridamole (Persantine)
- Heparin
- Pentoxifylline (Trental)
- Isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is a beta blocker?
- Nitroglycerin
- Cholestyramine (Questran)
- Propranolol (Inderal)
- Nifedipine (Procardia)
- Streptokinase
- Dipyridamole (Persantine)
- Heparin
- Pentoxifylline (Trental)
- Isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is the drug of choice for anginal attacks?
- Nitroglycerin
- Cholestyramine (Questran)
- Propranolol (Inderal)
- Nifedipine (Procardia)
- Streptokinase
- Dipyridamole (Persantine)
- Heparin
- Pentoxifylline (Trental)
- Isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following prevents new clots but does not dissolve existing clots
- Nitroglycerin
- Cholestyramine (Questran)
- Propranolol (Inderal)
- Nifedipine (Procardia)
- Streptokinase
- Dipyridamole (Persantine)
- Heparin
- Pentoxifylline (Trental)
- Isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is used to lower cholesterol?
- Nitroglycerin
- Cholestyramine (Questran)
- Propranolol (Inderal)
- Nifedipine (Procardia)
- Streptokinase
- Dipyridamole (Persantine)
- Heparin
- Pentoxifylline (Trental)
- Isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil) |
|
Definition
| Cholestyramine (Questran) |
|
|
Term
Which of the following decreases platelet aggregation?
- Nitroglycerin
- Cholestyramine (Questran)
- Propranolol (Inderal)
- Nifedipine (Procardia)
- Streptokinase
- Dipyridamole (Persantine)
- Heparin
- Pentoxifylline (Trental)
- Isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil) |
|
Definition
| Dipyridamole (Persantine) |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is a long-acting nitrate?
- Nitroglycerin
- Cholestyramine (Questran)
- Propranolol (Inderal)
- Nifedipine (Procardia)
- Streptokinase
- Dipyridamole (Persantine)
- Heparin
- Pentoxifylline (Trental)
- Isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil) |
|
Definition
| Isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil) |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is a thrombolytic therapy agent?
- Nitroglycerin
- Cholestyramine (Questran)
- Propranolol (Inderal)
- Nifedipine (Procardia)
- Streptokinase
- Dipyridamole (Persantine)
- Heparin
- Pentoxifylline (Trental)
- Isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil) |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following decreases blood viscosity?
- Nitroglycerin
- Cholestyramine (Questran)
- Propranolol (Inderal)
- Nifedipine (Procardia)
- Streptokinase
- Dipyridamole (Persantine)
- Heparin
- Pentoxifylline (Trental)
- Isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil) |
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Definition
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Term
| Purpose of the stress ECG |
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Definition
| It shows how the heart performs during exercise. |
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Term
| Stress ECG is stopped due to chest pain. Heart catheterization ordered, but patient appears apprehensive and worried. What do you do? |
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Definition
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Term
| Cardiac catheterization or coronary arteriogram: Contraindicated by what allergy? |
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Definition
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Term
| When to replace nitro tablets |
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Definition
| When they no longer tingle when used. |
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Term
S/P MI: Respiratory distress and frothy sputum present.
A) Pneumonia
B) Cardiac tamponade
C) Pulmonary edema
D) Pneumothorax |
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Definition
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Term
| What does capillary refill test for? |
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Definition
| adequate circulation in extremities |
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Term
| Atherosclerosis prevention: Maximum percentage of caloric intake from fat |
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Definition
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Term
| What causes pain from coronary artery disease? |
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Definition
| Insufficient oxygen to myocardium |
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Term
| What kind of cooking oil is high in saturated fat? |
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Definition
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Term
Acute Venous insufficiency: s/sx? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
A) Full superficial veins
B) Aching, cramping type of pain
C) Initial absence of edema
D) Cool and cyanotic skin
E) Positive Homans' sign |
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Definition
A) Full superficial veins
B) Aching, cramping type of pain
D) Cool and cyanotic skin |
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Term
Most characteristic symptom of Beurger's disease
A) Numbness
B) Pain
C) Cramping
D) Swelling |
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Definition
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Term
Thrombolytics: adverse reaction
A) bright red blood in stool
B) stomach cramps and constipation
C) headache and a dry cough
D) one episode of nausea/vomiting |
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Definition
| A) bright red blood in stool |
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Term
The thrombolytic drugs demonstrate their optimal therapeutic effect when administered:
A) when PT within normal limits
B) within 4-6 hrs after thrombus formation
C) by IM route
D) when PTT 2-2.5x normal |
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Definition
| B) within 4-6 hrs after thrombus formation |
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Term
Withhold warfarin if INR exceeds:
A) 1.5
B) 2
C) 2.5
D) 3 |
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Definition
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Term
NSAIDs:
A) decrease effect of warfarin
B) increase effect of warfarin
C) alter PT/INR rate
D) increase risk of hypoglycemia |
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Definition
| B) increase effect of warfarin |
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Term
Enoxaparin ordered to prevent embolism after abdominal surgery. Scheduling will include:
A) first dose 2 hrs pre-op
B) continuation 14 days post-op
C) first dose within 36 hrs post-op
D) continuation 30 days post-op |
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Definition
| A) first dose 2 hrs pre-op |
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Term
Most likely a sign of internal bleeding:
A) Pulse=68
B) BP=180/70
C) Resp=16
D) BP=90/50 |
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Definition
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Term
Warfarin: suspect complications if patient complains of:
A) bleeding gums when brushing teeth
B) insomnia
C) headaches and blurred vision
D) feet swelling at end of day |
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Definition
| A) bleeding gums when brushing teeth |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Inhibits conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin |
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Term
The nurse would expect the therapeutic dose of heparin would be attained when the APTT is
A) 1.5-2x normal
B) 2.6-3x normal
C) <5 sec.
D) 6-10 min. |
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Definition
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Term
| Bile sequestrants: administration intervention |
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Definition
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Term
Fluvastatin is ordered along with colestipol granules. Give fluvastatin:
A) together with colestipol
B) immediately before colestipol
C) 2 hrs after colestipol
D) immediately after colestipol |
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Definition
| C) 2 hrs after colestipol |
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Term
| Bile acid sequestrants: common adverse reaction |
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Definition
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Term
Bile acid sequestrants: adverse reaction to long-term treatment
A) Anxiety
B) Anorexia
C) Bruising easily
D) Double vision |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Nicotinic acid: common adverse reaction |
|
Definition
| Generalized flushing of the skin |
|
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Term
| HMG-CoA inhibitors: mechanism |
|
Definition
| promotes breakdown of cholesterol |
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Term
Rhabdomyolosis has been particularly associated with:
A) bile acid sequestrants
B) nicotinic acid
C) HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
D) fibric acid derivatives |
|
Definition
| C) HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors |
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Term
Diuretics: mechanism
A) dilate blood vessels
B) decrease potassium excretion
C) increase sodium excretion
D) promote fluid retention |
|
Definition
| Increase sodium excretion from the body |
|
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Term
| Transdermal clonidine patch replacement cycle |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Antihypertensives: common adverse reaction |
|
Definition
| postural or orthostatic hypotension |
|
|
Term
| What to check before giving antihypertensives |
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Definition
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Term
What to include in assessment pre initiation of antihypertensive drug therapy
A) BP in both arms
B) Blood and urine lab values
C) childhood illness hx
D) List of foods eaten that day |
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Definition
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Term
| Nitroprusside: precaution taken for IV treatment |
|
Definition
| Protect bottle from light |
|
|
Term
| Antihypertensives: clinical condition to monitor labs for during treatment |
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Definition
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|
Term
Patient on antihypertensives. What should patient avoid?
A) foods high in protein
B) alcohol
C) exercise
D) foods high in carbs |
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Definition
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Term
| Patient on antihypertensives. What to do if experiencing dizziness when rising from a ling position. |
|
Definition
| Sit on edge of bed and wait 1-2 min. |
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Term
| Patient on diuretics. During first few days, observe for signs of ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Severe light-headedness after use of sublingual nitro. What to do. |
|
Definition
| Elevate legs and breathe deeply. |
|
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Term
| Nitro transdermal: When applied and for how long |
|
Definition
| In AM. Leave on for 10-12 hrs. |
|
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Term
| Transmucosal nitro: How applied |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Adverse reaction to nitrates include:
A) abdominal pain
B) headache
C) drowsiness
D) blurred vision |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Calcium channel blockers: mechanism |
|
Definition
| inhibit movement of calcium ions across cell membranes |
|
|
Term
Nitro: what to do
A) place between cheek and gum
B) protect from light
C) use tweezers
D) keep in clear container |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Topical nitro: when applying,
A) leave open to air
B) spread over small area of skin
C) squeeze directly onto skin
D) rub into skin until absorbed |
|
Definition
| B) spread over small area of skin |
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Term
| Calcium channel blockers: purpose |
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
- ringing in ears
- headache
- dizziness |
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Term
Before beginning antiarrhythmic drug therapy,
A) get baseline bp, pulse, resp
B) NPO except for other meds
C) get blood glucose before meals
D) get EEG and ECG |
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Definition
| A) get baseline bp, pulse, resp |
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Term
| Quinidine therapeutic range |
|
Definition
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Term
| Bretylium: arrhythmias and bp increase during initial treatment. What to do |
|
Definition
| Nothing. This is normal within 1 hour of initial treatment. |
|
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Term
| Lidocaine given to treat life-threatening arrhythmias. Monitor bp & resp how often? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Disopyramide (Norpace): adverse reaction
A) diarrhea and anorexia
B) edema of hands
C) postural hypertension
D) hypertensive crisis |
|
Definition
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Term
| Quinidine and myasthenia gravis: what to know |
|
Definition
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Term
| Quinidine DCd and disopramide ordered. When is first dose of disopramide given? |
|
Definition
| 6-12 hrs after last dose of quinidine. |
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Term
Possible MI. On antiarrhythmics. What to do.
A) bp, a/r pulse, resp q1-4 hrs
B) restrict evening fluids
C) high-calorie diet for energy
D) monitor glucose for hyperglycemia |
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Definition
| A) bp, a/r pulse, resp q1-4 hrs |
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Term
Disopyramide (Norpace) home therapy: patient teaching includes
A) monitor pulse
B) measure I/O
C) monitor resp
D) avoid exercise |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Series of doses given until drug begins to exert full therapeutic effect |
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Definition
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