Term
| Depolarization of the heart is Cardiac Muscle Contraction/ |
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Definition
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Term
| Cardiac Muscle Contraction/About 1% of cardiac cells have |
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Definition
automaticity—
(are self-excitable) |
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Term
| Cardiac Muscle Contraction/Gap junctions ensure the heart |
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Definition
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Term
| Cardiac Muscle Contraction/ absolute refractory period how Long |
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Definition
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Term
| Cardiac Muscle Contraction/Reversal of membrane potential from |
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Definition
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Term
Cardiac Muscle Contraction/ Depolarization wave in T tubules causes the SR
to release |
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Definition
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Term
| Cardiac Muscle Contraction/ Ca2+ surge prolongs the |
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Definition
depolarization phase
(plateau) |
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Term
| Structure of Blood Vessel Walls (in to out) |
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Definition
Tunica intima
Tunica media
Tunica externa |
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Term
| veins have ______, arteries do not. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Formed when capillary beds unite
• Very porous; allow fluids and WBCs into
tissues
• Larger venules have one or two layers of smooth muscle cells |
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Term
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Definition
Formed when venules converge
• Have thinner walls, larger lumens compared
with corresponding arteries
• Blood pressure is lower than in arteries
• Called capacitance vessels (blood reservoirs);
contain up to 65% of the blood supply |
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Term
| 3 critical factors of circulation: |
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Definition
• Blood flow
• Blood pressure (BP)
• Resistance (peripheral resistance |
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Term
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Definition
Volume of blood flowing through
circulation in a given period |
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Term
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Definition
Force exerted on the
wall of a blood vessel by the blood
• |
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Term
| Resistance (peripheral resistance) = |
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Definition
| Measure of the amount of friction blood encounters in flow |
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Term
| Three important sources of resistance |
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Definition
• Blood viscosity
• Total blood vessel length
• Blood vessel diameter |
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Term
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Definition
Diameter of arterioles are the major
determinants of peripheral resistance
• Action is by vasoconstriction / vasodillitation |
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Term
Resistance: constants
Factors that remain relatively constant: |
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Definition
• Blood viscosity
• Blood vessel length |
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Term
| Blood flow is inversely proportional to |
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Definition
| peripheral resistance (R) |
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Term
| Blood flow (F) is directly proportional to |
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Definition
| the blood (hydrostatic) pressure gradient (DP) |
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Term
| If R increases, blood flow ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| Arterial Blood Pressure Reflects two factors |
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Definition
• Elasticity (compliance or distensibility)
• Volume of blood forced into them at any time |
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Term
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Definition
pressure exerted during
ventricular contraction |
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Term
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Definition
lowest level of arterial
pressure |
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Term
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Definition
difference between systolic
and diastolic pressure |
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Term
| Mean arterial pressure (MAP): |
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Definition
pressure that
propels the blood to the tissues |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Medulla Oblongata has a cluster of sympathetic neurons that.... |
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Definition
oversee changes in blood vessel
diameter |
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Term
| Adrenal medulla hormones norepinephrine (NE)and epinephrine cause... |
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Definition
| generalized vasoconstriction and increase cardiac output |
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Term
| Angiotensin II, generated by kidney release of renin, causes |
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Definition
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Term
| Atrial natriuretic peptide causes blood volume and blood pressure to ______, causes generalized __________ |
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Definition
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Term
| Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) causes intense |
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Definition
| vasoconstriction in cases of extremely low BP |
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