Term
| What's the characteristics of Heart Failure |
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Definition
1. Decreased CO 2. Sodium & water retention leading to congestion 3. Progress chronic ocndition |
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Term
| Why is decreased CO signficiant? What does it lead to? |
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Definition
1. Leads to dyspnea on exertion at first 2. Leads to organ under perfusion & resting dyspnea |
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Term
| Sodium & water congestion leads to right sided (atrial) congestion & left side congestion. What are the P. E findings |
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Definition
Right side 1. Leg edema 2. Liver congestion 3. weight gain Left side 1. Pulmonary edema |
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Term
| What are the 5 causes of CHF |
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Definition
1. CAD 2. Dilated cardiomyopathy 3. Valvular dysfunction 4. Restrictive cardiomyopathy 5. Constrictive pericarditis |
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Term
| Class I CHF is defined as |
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Definition
| Physical activity w/out symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
| Physical activity results in dyspnea |
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Term
| Minimal activity leads to symptoms is classic _____ CHF |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| inability to carry out activity w/out symptoms |
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Term
| Define Systolic dysfunction |
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Definition
| A failure of the pump to squeeze adquately |
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Term
| Define Diastolic Dysfunction |
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Definition
| failure of the ventricles to relax preventing complete filling of the ventricle |
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Term
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Definition
| Right & left atrial pressures are referred as the filling pressures |
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Term
| Name two pathological things that lead to increase preload |
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Definition
1. Volume retention 2. reduced CO |
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Term
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Definition
| The force that the ventricles has to overcome to inject blood into either the aorta or pulmonary artery |
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Term
| Pathology: Vasoconstriction leads to an increase in afterload, name 2 things |
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Definition
1. Pulmonary vascular resistance for RV afterload 2. Systemic vascular resistance for LV afterload |
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Term
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Definition
| Output of either ventrcle and they are equal to each other |
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Term
| loss of the reserve capacity leads to fatigue & dyspnea on exertion. This would lead one to believe that there's pathology of |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some symptoms of deficient CO |
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Definition
1. Dyspnea 2. Renal insufficency 3. Fatigue |
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Term
| After systole blood is ejected into the ______ system |
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Definition
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Term
| why does the heart dilate due to systolic pressure? |
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Definition
| volume overload resulting in synthesis of new sarcomeres in series w/ the old causing myocytes to elongate |
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Term
| Hypertrophied heart is due to _______ _____ overload resulting in synthesis of new sarcomere in ____ w/ the old causing the wall to ______ |
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Definition
1. chronic pressure (Diastolic) 2. Parallel 3. Thicken |
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Term
| What's the hallmark of CHF |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the symptoms of Left sided Heart failure |
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Definition
1. Non-productive cough that worsens w/ activity or supine 2. Shortness of breath 3. Orthopnea |
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Term
| What are the symptoms of Right side heart failure |
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Definition
1. Peripheral edema 2. Abdominal bloating 3. Anorexia |
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Term
| CHF social history would consist of |
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Definition
1. Alcohol 2. Tobacco 3. Illicit drugs |
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Term
| What are right sided heart failure P.E findings |
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Definition
1. Elevated jugular venous pressure 2. Hepato-jugular reflex 3. Abdominal distension 4. Hepatomegaly 5. Pitting edema |
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Term
| What are left sided heart failure P. E findings |
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Definition
| Rales, dullness to percussion due to pleural effusion |
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Term
| What are the P.E findings of CHF |
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Definition
1. Increase weight 2. Reduce CO (cool extremities) |
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