Term
what causes the heart to 'ache'?
(angina) |
|
Definition
when o2 and nutrients in blood is insufficient
increase blood flow to fix this issue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when heart doesn't receive enough o2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fat in arterial walls
- leads to CAD which may lead to MI |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
heart attack
necrosis/death of cardiac tissue
-O2 needs stat attention |
|
|
Term
| what is the primary cause of chronic stable angina? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is an early sign of coronary artery disease? |
|
Definition
unstable angina
-leads to MI |
|
|
Term
| when does vasospastic angina occur? |
|
Definition
@ rest
no primary cause
decrease demand, increase supply |
|
|
Term
| what should you do at first sing of chest pain? |
|
Definition
sit
lie down
rest
that way your heard doesn't demand as much O2 |
|
|
Term
| which form/route of nitrate drugs bypass the liver and 1st pass effects? |
|
Definition
sublingual
IV
patches
sprays |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
angina tx
multiple routes
cause vasodilation
blood flows to ischemic area to increase O2
long acting forms are angina prevention |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Nitroglycerin
isoorbide dinitrate
isosorbid mononitrate |
|
|
Term
| adverse effects of nitrates |
|
Definition
headache
reflex tachycardia
postural hypotensions
tolerance
-may need nitrate free period (to avoid tolerance) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
severe anemia
hypotension
head injury
if pt uses ED drugs |
|
|
Term
| what can beta-blockers treat |
|
Definition
angina
MI
hypertension
dysrhythmias
*off label-migraines |
|
|
Term
| what is the common suffix for beta blocker meds |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do beta blockers work? |
|
Definition
block beta 1 heart receptors
decrease hr
decreas myocardial O2 demand
increase O2 to heart
decrease demand
*improve survival after MI |
|
|
Term
| when should beta blockers not be used? |
|
Definition
systolic HF
conduction disturbances
bronchial asthma
DM
PVD- peripheral/vascular diesease |
|
|
Term
| what can beta blockers cause |
|
Definition
bradycardia
increase, decrease blood sugar
wheezing
dizzy
fatigue |
|
|
Term
| what do calcium channel blockers do? |
|
Definition
coronary/artery vasodilation
peripheral arterial "
decrease heart workload
decrease O2 demand |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
angina
hypertension
migraines
Raynaud's |
|
|
Term
| when should CCB nto be used |
|
Definition
acute MI
AV block - 2nd/3rd degree
hypotension |
|
|
Term
| what side effect do CCB have? |
|
Definition
*limited
hypotension
palpitations
tachycardia
bradycardia
constipation
nausea
dyspnea |
|
|
