Term
| IUPAC naming for carboxylic acids |
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Definition
Take the longest carbon chain with the carboxyl group
Replace the e with -oic acid. |
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Term
| Benzene's name as a carboxylic acid? |
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Definition
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Term
| Methane's name as a carboxylic acid? |
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Definition
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Term
| Ethane's name as a carboxylic acid? |
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Definition
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Term
| Butanes name as an acetic acid? |
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Definition
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Term
| Propane's name as a carboxylic acid? |
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Definition
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Term
| Common numbering for the carbons following the carbon one in a carboxylic acid chain? |
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Definition
Greek lettering.
Carbon 2 =α
Carbon 3 = β
Carbon 4 = γ
(Alpha, Beta, Gamma) |
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Term
| Benzoic Acid includes what naming system when it has another substituent group attached? |
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Definition
o, m, p
Ortho, meta, para |
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Term
| How are carboxylic acids prepared? |
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Definition
2 stage oxidation of a primary alcohol
First stage oxidizes an alcohol to an aldehyde
Second stage oxidizes the aldehyde to an acid
O
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CH3-CH2-OH [O] -> CH3-C-H
O O
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CH3-C-H [O]-> CH3-C-OH
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Term
| Carboxylic Acids are more or less polar than most groups? |
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Definition
| Far more polar due to the hydroxyl and carbonyl both being polar groups. |
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Term
| What are the boiling points of carboxylic acids compared to alcohols, ketones and aldeydes of similar mass? |
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Definition
| Greater due to the extra hydrogen bonding |
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Term
| What is the solubility of carboxylic adics in water? |
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Definition
1-4 carbons are highly soluble
5-7 and benzoic are slightly soluble. |
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Term
| How are carboxylic acids neutralized? |
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Definition
| The addition of a strong base (NaOH and KOH) |
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Term
| What is the result of neutralization of a carboxylic acid? |
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Definition
Carboxylic acid salt
Carboxlate ion and a metal ion from the base |
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Term
| What is the naming convention for a carboxylic acid salt? |
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Definition
Primary word becomes the metal ion, replace the -ic acid with -ate
O O
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H-C-OH + NaOH ->H-C-O-Na++H2)
Formic Acid -> Sodium Formate |
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Term
| What are the carboxylic acid physical properties? |
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Definition
Solids at room temperature
High melting points
Soluble in water |
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Term
| Describe ionization of carboxylic acids in water. |
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Definition
The carboxylic acid donates a hydrogen to the water, making a carboxylate ion and a hydronium ion.
O O
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CH3-C-OH + H2O -> CH3-C-O- + H3O
Acetic acid + water -> Acetate ion + hydronium ion |
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