O: superficial fascia of the trunk

I: Skin

Thin sheet of muscle that covers most of the dorsal, lateral, and ventral walls of the thorax and abdomen.

O: Clavicle (vestigial) or clavicular intersection

I: distal third of the humerus

A: to advance the limb; to extend the shoulder and draw head and neck to the side

3 sections: m. clediobrachialis

               m. clediocervicali

                    m. clediomastoideus

section of the m. brachiocephalicus

distal to clavicular intersection and attaches to limb

section of the m. brachiocephalicus

deeper and thicker than m. clediocervicalis. attaches to mastoid process of the skull

section of the m. brachiocephalicus

i: cranial half of mid-dorsal fibrous raphe and sometimes nuchal crest of the occipital bone

attaches to middle of neck

orgin: distal end of the spine of the scapula

insertion: transverse process of the atlas

action: to advance thoracic limb forward or flex the neck

deeper plane than brachiocephalicus. strap-like muscle. caudal part subq, cranially covered by cervical part of cleidobrachalicus

origin: median raphe of neck and supraspinous ligament from C3-T9

insertion: spin of the scapula 

action: to elevate and abduct the forelimb 

thin and triangular, divided into two parts separated by aponeurosis

pars cervicalis: cervical portion and inserts on the dorsal 2/3 of the spine

pars thoracica: thoracic part, inserts on dorsal 3rd of scapula spine

O: thoracolumbar fascia from spinous processes of lumbar and caudal thoracic vertebrae muscular attachment to last 2-3 ribs

I: teres major tuberosity and teres major tendon

A: to draw free limb caudally (as in digging) and flex the shoulder joint

large and roughly triangular. lies caudal to scapula, covers most of dorsal and some of lateral thoracic wall

O: depends on part:

m. r. capitis- nuchal crest of occipital bone

m.r. cervicis- median raphe of neck C2-T9

m.r. thoracis- spines of cranial thoracic vertebrae

I: dorsal border and adjacent surfaces of scapula

m.r. capitis- cranial border

A: to elevate and fixation of the forelimb and draw scapula against trunk

lies deep to m. trapezius

O: transverse processes of C3-7 and ribs 1-7or8 ventral to middle

I: dorsomedial third of scapula (serrated face)

A: to support the trink and depress the scapula

large, fan-shaped mucle, acts as sling to support body between limbs

O: ventral part of sternum and fibrous raphe between fellow muscles. deep abd fascia in region of xiphiod process

I: greater and lesser tuberacles of humerus

A: supports trunk, fixes shoulder

larger and longer than superficial pectoral

O: manubrium

I: crest of greater tubercle

A: to adduct the limb when nonweight bearing. prevent limb from being abducted when bearing weight

lie under skin between cranial part of sternum and humerus. caudal border thin, cranial border thick

O: sternum (manubrium)

I: temporal bone and occipital bone (nuchal crest)

A: to draw head and neck to side

considerable crossing of fibres between fellows of opposite side

O: manubrium and 1st costal cartilage

I: basihyoideum (hyoid apparatus)

A: to pull tongue and larynx caudally

lies on trachea coverd by sterncephalicus caudally. mid-ventral groove indicates separation of left/right

O: 1st costal cartilage

I: caudolateral surface of thyroid cartilage

A: draw larynx and tongue caudally

tendinous intersection 3-4cm cranial of origin. at this level sepeartion between sternohyoideus occurs

O: spine and acromial process of scapula

I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

A: flex the shoulder

two portions fuseand act in common across shoulder

O: supraspinatus fossa of scapula

I: greater tubercle of humerus- by thick tendon

A: to extend and stabilize shoulder joint

wider and larger than infraspinatus. lies in supraspinatus fossa of scapula

O: infraspinous fossa of scapula

I: small, circumscribed areaon the lateral side of greater tubercle of humerus

A: flexor and abductor of shoulder (omo)

fusiform, lies principally infraspinous fossa

O: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

I: teres minor tuberosity of humerus

A: flexor of shoulder

small, wedge shaped muscle

O: caudal border of scapula

I: olecranon

A: extend the elbow

one of 4 heads. completely bridges humerus

O: tricipital line of humerus

I: Olecranon

A: extend elbow

one of 4 heads. distal to long head

O: neck of humerus

I: olecranon

A: extend elbow (cubitus)

one of 4 heads. lies between lateral and medial heads

O: proximal humerus

I: radial and ulnar tuberosities

A: flexion of elbow

long, thin muscle. lies in the brachialis groove of humerus

O: lateral epicondylar crest of humerus

I: proximal lateral end of ulna

A: extend the elbow

small muscle located almost completely in olecranon fossa

O: subscapular fossa of scapula

I: lesser tubercle of humerus

A: adductor/stabilizer/extensor of shoulder

occupies entire subscapular fossa

O: caudal margin of scapula

I: teres major tuberosity of humerus

A: flexor shoulder

fibres extend distally

O: coracoid process of scapula

I: caudomedial area of proximal humerus

A: extensor and adductor of shoulder

crosses medial surface of shoulder obliquely. small spindle shaped muscle

O: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

I: radial tuberosity and proxomedial ulna

A: flexor of elbow joint and extend shoulder

only one head in dogs. long fusiform muscle. lies on medial and cranial surfaces of humerus

O: medial humerus

I: olecranon

A: extend the elbow

one of 4 heads. lies caudally on humerus

O: caudal margin on scapula

I: olecranon and antebrachial fascia

A: extend elbow

thin strap

O: lateral supracondylar crest

I: small tuberosities on the dorsal surfaces of the base of metacarpals II and III

A: extend the carpus

lies on cranial surface of the radius

O: lateral epicondyle of the humerus

I: extensor processes of the distal phalanges of digits II, III, IV, and V

A: to extend the joints of the four principal digits and carpus

4 individual tendons at insertion

O: lateral epicondyle of the humerus

I: proximal ends on all phalanges of digits III, IV, and V

A: extend the carpus and the joints of digits III, IV, and V

half the size of the common digital extensor

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus

I: cranial surface of the proximal fourth of the radius

A: rotate the forearm laterally so that the palmar side faces medially (supination) and to flex the elbow

short, broad, flat and obliquely placed across lateral side of the flexor surface of the elbow joint

O: lateral border and cranial surface of teh body of teh ulna; the interosseous membrane

I: proximal end metacarpal I

A: abduct the first digit or pollex

triangular muscle lies between radius and ulna

O: lateral border and cranial surface of the body of the ulna; the interosseous membrane

I: proximal end of metacarpal bones II, III, IV, and V

O: medial epicondyle of the humerus

I: medial border of the radius between the proximal and middle thirds

A: rotate forearm medially so that the palmar side faces the ground (pronation) and flex the elbow

extends obliquely across the medial surface of the elbow

O: medial epicondyle of the humerus and medial border of the radius

I: palmar side of the base of metacarpals II and III

A: flex the carpus

flat tendon insertion

O: medial epicondyle of humerus

I: plamar surface of the base (proximal end) of the middle phalanges of digits II, III, IV, and V

A: flex the carpus, metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints of digits II, III, IV and V

tendious insertion, lies beneath skin

m. flexor carpi ulnaris

ulnar head

O: caudal border and medial surface of olecranon

I: accessory carpal bone

A: flex carpus

thin and wide proximally but narrow distally

m. flexor carpi ulnaris

humeral head

O: medial epicondyle of humerus

I: accessory carpal bone

A: flex the carpus

large and fleshy. lies cranial to the ulnar head

m. deep digital flexor

radial head

O: middle third of the medial border of teh radius

I: palmar surface of the proximal end of the distal phalanx of each digit

A: flec the carpus, metacarpophalangeal joints and proximal and distal interphalangeal joints of the digits

one of 3 heads of origin. smallest head

m. deep digital flexor 

humeral head

O: medial epicondyle of the humerus

I: palmar surface of the proximal end of the distal phalanx of each digit

A: to flex the carpus, metacarpophalangeal joints and the proximal and distal interphanageal joints of the digits

one of the three heads of origin

largest head

m. deep digital flexor

ulnar head

O: caudal border of ulna (different than other heads)

I: palmar surface of the proximal end of the distal phalanx of each digit

A: to flex the carpus, metacarpophalangeal joints and the proximal and distal interphanageal joints of the digits

one of the three heads of origin

middle sized head

O and I:

interosseous space of radius and ulna

A: pronate the paw

fills the space between radius and ulna

mm. interossei

(4 muscles)

O: base of its respective metacarpal bone and carpal joint capsule

I: base of the respective proximal phalanx

A: flexes metocarpophalangeal joint and maintains joint angle when under load

fleshy and simliar in size and shape. cover palmar surfaces of the 4 major metacarpal bones