Term
| lymph nodes of the thorax |
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Definition
a. superficial cervical: lie in the areolar tissue cranial to the shoulder, deep to the cervical part of the cleidocephalicus and the omotransversarius – receive lymph drainage from the cutaneous area of the head, neck, and thoracic limb
b. Axillary: lie dorsal to the deep pectoral muscles and caudal to the axillary vein from the arm – receives lymph from afferent lymph vessels of the thoracic wall and deep structures of the limb
c. Tracheobronchial: located at the bifurcation of the trachea and also on the bronchi – receive lymph from lungs, visceral pleura, thoracic part of trachea, left side of heart, and esophagus
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Term
Describe and diagram the course of a typical spinal nerve, including its pathway as it emerges from its respective intervertebral foramina.
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Definition
starts in the periphery as an afferent
enters through the intervertebral foramen.
It goes up the dorsal root into the dorsal root ganglion where the cell body is found.
It leaves the neuron and goes into the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.
Here it synapses with neurons on either the same or opposing sides of the ventral horn in the spinal cord.
It exits the spinal cord via the ventral root and combines with the dorsal root to form the spinal nerve. Here it can go into a ramus or go to a ganglion, then its target.
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Term
| which muscle is only innervated by the accessory nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
slit between the abdominal muscles.
extends from deep to superficial inguinal ring
contains vaginal tunic and spermatic cord or vaginal process and round ligament of uterus |
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Term
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Definition
| inside of abdominal wall, ring shaped reflection of transversalis fascia onto vaginal tunic/process |
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Term
| superficial inguinal ring |
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Definition
| aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique separates to 2 parts, which come together to form ring: external opening of inguinal canal |
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Term
hypaxial abdominal wall muscles
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Definition
internal and external abd. oblique, transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis
Assist in urination, defication, parturition, respiration, and/or locomotion
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Term
External Abdominal Oblique
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Definition
fibers run caudoventrally
O – last ribs and thoracolumbar facia
I – linea alba and pubis
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Term
Internal abdominal oblique
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Definition
fibers run cranioventrally
O – thoracolumbar fascia and tuber coxae
I – linea alba
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Term
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Definition
fibers run dorsoventrally
O – transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae + last few ribs
I – linea alba
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
midventral
fused thoracolumbar fascia and aponeuroses from the abdominal muscles.
extends from xiphoid process of sternum to symphysis pelvis at the pre-pubic tendon
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Term
incision at ventral midline through the linea alba
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Definition
Superficial to deep: aponeuroses of external and internal abdominal obliques, aponeurosis from rectus abdominis, then the aponeurosis from the transversus abdominis
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Term
paramedian incision: off the midline, but parallel to it, through the rectus sheath
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Definition
Superficial to deep: aponeuroses of external and internal abdominal obliques. Rectus abdominus muscle, then the aponeurosis from the internal abdominal oblique and transversus abdominis.
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Term
| paracostal incision (parallel to the last rib) |
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Definition
Superficial to deep: external abdominal oblique, internal abdominal ablique, transversus abdominis
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Term
flank incision: caudal paracostal
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Definition
Superficial to deep: external abdominal oblique, internal abdominal ablique, transversus abdominis
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Term
hypaxial muscles of the neck
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Definition
longus capitis
transverse processes of C vertebrae/ occipital bone
longus colli
atlas / T6
action: flex the cervical joints
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