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| are cells that divid and proliferate. These cells are not regulated they constantly divid and sometimes cells do not die. |
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| cells that are dividing and growing, and differentiating. |
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| in 1928, George Papanicolaou developed a test that is so ismple and straight forward to test for cervial cancer. |
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| results to better the chances of getting rid of all cancer cells through treatment before it metastasizes/ becomes more problematic and life threatening. |
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| find out if people have disease/ cancer cell by running tests and if so tkae action to treat it |
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| based on population statistics. The average maximum years of surivial left once diagnosed with cancer |
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| a cancer causing substance or agent |
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| is the normal gene that controls cell division and differentiation but can become an oncogene |
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| a family of peptide hormones, steroid hormones, that are capable of stimulating cell growth, proliferation and differentiation |
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| a bill passed by Richard Nixon to fund research fro cancer |
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| destroys rapid dividing cells. Only method of treatment once caner cells had metastasized. |
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| Nuclear magnetic resonance, other form of treatment without the use of radiation and it similiar to MRI |
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| Onco means tissue mass, therefore they study of tissue mass, tumors. |
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| a physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer |
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- Found the cause of colorectal cancer by a particular gene that was defective and was inherited. This gene is known as FAP/ APC on chromosome 5
- also found DCC gene in 1990, a gene that deleted in the colon carcinoma on chromosome 18, that codes for a protein with a domain similar to neural cell adhesion molecules
- MCC colorectal cancer gene for mutated in colon cancer on chromosome 12
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| demonstrated that cancer could be transmitted by a virus in 1911 [ Rous sarcoma virus] |
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| the discoery of reverse transcriptase an enzyme that synthesizes DNA from RNA template by Baltimore and by Temin in 1970 . |
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The first tumor supressor gene, lines to the childhood cancer retinoblastoma, was cloned at the end 1987 by Dryja, Weinberg and colleagues. When both copies of teh Rb gene which code for a nuclear protein of unknown function are inactivated tumors can form. |
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- lacks the ability to metastasize and is not a cancer.
- It is usually enclosed in a fibrous capsule.
- It will not invade normal surrounding tissue.
- They grow slower than malignant cells and has the potential to become malignant.
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- any abnormal growth of cells or new growth.
- Another word for tumor.
- An abnormal growth tissue.
- A neoplasm may be benign or malignant. The word neo: new + plasma: which is formed or growth= new growth
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| an abnormal mass of tissue. A classic sign of inflammation can be benign or malignant. |
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- cancer that begins in the skin or tissues that line or cover body organs. An ex. breast, colon, liver, lung, prostate, and stomach.
- Are the most common of human tumors 90%. They are malignancies of epithelial cells that cover internal organs.
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- solid tumors of connective tissue and are very rare.
- the mesoderm gives rise to connective tissues.
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- a cancer of blood and it constitutes 8% of human cancer.
- Cancer of the blood is a mesoderm cancer and therefore it can be classified as a type of sarcoma cancer.
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| a cancer of the lymph system. It involves cells of the immune system, called lymphocytes. |
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| the fact or condition of being genetically identical, as to a parent, sibling or other biological source. |
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| occurs when a DNA gene is damaged or changed in such a way as to alter the genetic message carried by that gene |
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| is a process in which normal cells are changed so that they are able to form tumors |
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| is a process in which existing tumors are stimulated to grow |
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tumor progression involves the transition from normal to malignant cells, through a series of cumulative alterations. During the process, invasive and migratoy properties are required, enabling cells to metastasize. |
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each lymphocyte bears a single type of receptor with a unique specificity. Receptors occupation is required for a cell activation. The differentiated effector cells derived from an acitvated lymphocyte will bear receptors of identical specificity as the parental cell. Those lymphocytes bearing receptors for self-molecules will be deleted at an early stage. |
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| a spread of tumors from primary to secondary sites |
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| is an early form of carcinoma defined by the absence of invasion of surrounding tissues. Early stage tumor that hasn't spread yet |
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| the system that produces, stores, and carries the cells that fight infections |
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a system of biological structures and processes within an organisms that protects against disease by identifying and killing pathogens and tumor cells |
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a method used to find out the stage of cancer (amound or spread of cancer in the body) using tests that are done before surgery. These include physical exams, imaging tests, labortory tests (such as blood tests) and biopsies. |
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a cancer staging system that describes the extent of cancer in a patients body.
- T: describes the size of the tumor and whether it has invaded nearby tissue
-N: describes regional lymph nodes that are involved
-M: describes distant metastasis (spread of cancer from one body part to another) |
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