Term
| Multiple agent therapy for Kaposi's sarcoma |
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Definition
| ABV (adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine) |
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Term
| Multiple agent therapy for acute myelocytic leukemia |
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Definition
| V-TAD (VePesid, thioguanine, adriamycin, & cytarabine) |
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Term
| Multiple Therapy Theory (4 parts) |
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Definition
| 1. total cell kill 2. therapy with several agents 3. used for short periods of time 4. research and drug companies put anti-cancer drugs on "fast track" |
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Term
| What do cytotoxic drugs affect? |
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Definition
| synthesis of DNA, causing cellular death- they work on the bone marrow |
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Term
| Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)works through activation of what? |
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Definition
| intracellular tyrosine kinase (TK) |
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Term
| What receptor is overexpressed in certain cancers leading to unregulated cell growth? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of cancers are often unresponsive to drug therapy? |
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Definition
| slow growing malignant cells (carcinoma lung; colon) |
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Term
| Common adverse SE of anti-cancer therapy |
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Definition
| vomiting, stomatitis, and alopecia |
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Term
| Toxicity in anti-cancer agents |
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Definition
| often a result of their effect on rapidly proliferating normal cells (bone marrow-myelosuppression), GI tract (NVD and mucosal ulceration), skin and hair (dermatitis and alopecia) or immunosuppression |
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Term
| antiemetic prophylaxis for anti-cancer therapy includes? |
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Definition
| a combination of a serotonin antagonist, corticosteroid, and aprepitant |
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Term
| What drugs are highly emetogenic? |
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Definition
| carmustine, cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, dacarbazine, lomustine, mechlorethamine, and streptozocin |
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Term
| MOA of alkylating drugs/cytotoxic agents |
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Definition
| form covalent linkages (alkylation) with various nucleophilic substances leading to miscoding of DNA ; not cycle specific |
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Term
| toxicity of alkylating drugs/cytotoxic agents |
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Definition
| bone marrow suppression which is the MOST IIMPORTANT dose-limiting factor; N/V, alopecia, amenorrhea, hyperuricemia |
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Term
| Mechlorethamine (Mustargen) |
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Definition
| nitrogen mustard/alkylating drug; prototype; Hodgkin's disease; powerful vesicant (skin blisterine); IV; causes N/V and myelosuppression |
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Term
| Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan), Ifosphamide (Ifex) |
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Definition
| nitrogen mustard cytotoxic alkylating agents; tx for organ rejection & immune dz (RA) and Ifosfamide for germ cell testicular CA; prodrug activated by lliver and metabolized to inactive compounds in liver; alopecia frequent, sterile hemorrhagic cystitis |
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Term
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Definition
| alkyl sulfonates/cytotoxic agents for chronic granulocytic leukemia; causes myelosuppression; PO; N/V/D and hyperuricemia |
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Term
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Definition
| nitrosoureas/ cytotoxic agents; tx for menigeal leukemia & tumors and Hodgkin's disease; bifunctional alkylating agents; myelosuppression; CNS toxicity |
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Term
| Cisplatin (Platinol), Carboplatin (Paraplatin) and Satraplatin |
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Definition
| platinum alkylating agent; used with other agents in metastatic testicular, ovarian carcinoma, and bladder CA; inorganic platinum complex that disrupts DNA helix by forming intra & interstrand links; IV, crosses BBB; tinnitus, hearing loss, emesis, some myelosuppression |
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Term
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Definition
| antimetabolite; ALL, breast CA, osteogenic sarcoma, low dose - RA, psoriasis; inhibits dihydrofolate reductase and prevents formation of tetrahydrofolic acid; doesn't cross BBB; causes leukopenia, thrombopenia, ulcerative stomatitis, pneumonitis, nephrotoxicity; Leucovorin rescue in high doses |
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Term
| What drugs increase efficacy of MTX? |
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Definition
| ASA, probenecid, NSAIDs and causes fatal bone marrow depression |
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Term
| What is MOA of pyrimidine analogs? |
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Definition
| prevents biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides |
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Term
| Fluorouracil (Adrucil), floxuridine (FUDR) |
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Definition
| pyrimidine analog/ antimetabolite; tx for slowly growing solid tumors, carcinoma of breast & GI tract, keratoses of skin; incorporates in RNA and inhibits DNA synthesis; IV and enters CSF; causes myelosuppression and ulcerative stomatitis |
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Term
| mercaptopurine (6-MP; purinethol) |
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Definition
| purine analog/ antimetabolite; tx of acute leukemia (kids), CLL, myelogenous leukemia, Hodgkin's disease; inhibits DNA synthesis; oxidation by xanthine oxidase; causes bone marrow depression, anorexia, N/V; CI with allopurinol (xanthine oxidase inhibitor) inc blood levels; probenecid inc due to drug induced hyperuricemia |
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Term
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Definition
| mitotic/microtubule inhibitor; derived from periwinkle plant; tx of acute leukemia; binds with protein component of microtubles and block mitosis in rapidly dividing cells; causes toxic peripheral nerves |
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Term
| Doxorubicin HCL (Adriamycin; Rubex) |
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Definition
| antibiotic; IV; used in combo c vincristine or methotrexate in tx of Wilm's tumor in children, rhabdomyosarcoma, choriocarcinoma, test CA and Ewing's sarcoma; binds double helical DNA, blocks fxn of RNA polymerase and transcription of DNA molecule; may cause cardiomyopathy, anorexia, pancytopenia, glossitis |
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Term
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Definition
| antibiotic; testicular CA, SCC, lymphomas and malignant pleural effusion; IM, IV, SC, or intrapleurally; MOA causes fragmentation of DNA by interacting c oxygen and ferrous iron; most serious SE = pul toxicity (cough, dyspnea, rales); tx with bleomycin who have undergone anesthesia at inc risk of ARDS |
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Term
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Definition
| enzyme; large foreign protein and is antigenic; catalyzes the conversion of asparaginine to aspartic acid and ammonia; causes severe toxicity of liver, kidneys, pancreas, CNS and clotting mechanisms |
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Term
| Interfereon alfa-2a (Foferon-A) |
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Definition
| tx of hairy cell leukemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, malignant melanoma, and CML, unlabeled use for Hep B&C; unknown MOA; BB Warn for depression and suicidal behavior, flu-like syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
| TK inhibitor; associated with EGFR and HER-2; tx CML; inhibits intracellular phosphorylation of TK and inhibit overexpression of EGFR, dec the cells capacity for proliferation; NVD, rash, edema, interstitial lung dz; |
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Term
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Definition
| angiogenesis inhibitor; genetically enginerred monoclonal antibody that targets specific cells; tx metastatic cancer of the colon, off labeled use for neovascular (wet) age-related macular degeneration and first line therapy for metastatic breast cancer in HER-2 neg pts; binds with VEGF to stop further growth of tumors; IV; BB warn of GI perforation and severe infusion rxns; Celebrex to inc effectiveness |
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Term
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Definition
| corticosteriod; ALL, malignant lymphoma, endometrial carcinoma, breast CA; suppresses mitosis in lymphocytes |
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Term
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Definition
| prodrug; anti-estrogen for advanced breast CA in post-menopausal women; SERM that binds to certain estrogen receptors and inhibits continued growth of estrogen dependent tumors; BB Warn for inc risk of endometrial CA, PE and strokes |
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Term
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Definition
| aromatase inhibitor; DOC tx advanced breast CA in post-menopausal women c dz progression following tamoxifen tx; potent and selective non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor that dec serum estradiol; PG cat D |
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Term
| Letrozole (Femara), Exemestane (Aromasin) |
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Definition
| aromatase inhibitor; tx post menopausal women with advanced breast CA; nausea, hot flashes, fatigue; not affected by food |
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Term
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Definition
| antiandrogen; tx metastatic prostate CA in combo c LHRH agonist analog; bind androgen receptors; severe liver injury is rare |
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Term
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Definition
| antiandrogen; tx metastatic prostate CA and binds androgen receptor; BB Warn interstitial pneumonitis |
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Term
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Definition
| antiandrogen; tx metastatic prostate CA by binding androgen receptor; BB Warn of hepatitic injury |
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Term
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Definition
| LHRH analog; tx of prostate CA, managin uterine fibroids and endometriosis; inhibits the release of FSH and LH and dec LH production; IM |
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Term
| Leuprolide acetate (Lupron Depot) |
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Definition
| LHRH analog; tx advanced prostate CA; inhibits androgen uptake and binding of androgens to target tissues |
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Term
| Goserelin acette (Zoladex) |
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Definition
| LHRH analog; tx prostate CA, manage uterine fibroids and endometriosis; inhibit release of FSH and LH; injected by SC implant either monthly or every 3 mo |
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Term
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Definition
| recombinant human keratinocyte growth factor approved to dec incidence and duration of severe oral mucositis in such pts; IV bolus 3 days before and 3 days after myelotoxic therapy |
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