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Cancer Biology BIO346 Ch. 1
Chapter 1
14
Biology
Undergraduate 3
05/07/2012

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Term
hyperplasia
Definition
cell division creates an increased number of normal cells with normal organization.
Term
neoplasia
Definition
uncontrolled, disorganized cell proliferation so that the number of dividing cells increases.
Term
cell differentiation
Definition
process by which cells acquire the specialized properties that distinguish different types of cells from one another. A trait of multicellular organisms.
Term
squamous cell
Definition
Fully differentiated, thin flat cells that form the outer layer of the skin.
Term
malignant tumor
Definition
they can invade surrounding tissues, enter the bloodstream, and spread to distant parts of the body through metastasis.
Term
cancer
Definition
generic term referring to any malignant tumor.
Term
epithelial cell
Definition
form covering layers over external and internal body surfaces.
Term
lymphoma
Definition
a type of cancer arising from cells of lymphatic (tumors of lymphocytes, WBCs, that grow mainly as solid masses of tissue) or blood origin.
Term
primary tumor
Definition
the site at which a tumor initially arises.
Term
lead time bias
Definition
When no improvement of survival rates actually occurs due to early diagnosis.
Term
biopsy
Definition
remove tissue for diagnostic purposes
Term
mitotic index
Definition
percentage of cells detected in the process of dividing. Measured by examining a biopsy specimen with a microscope, counting the number of dividing cells, and dividing that number by the total number of cells in the area.
Term
anaplastic
Definition
cells that are so poorly differentiated and abnormal in appearance and organization that they bear little resemblance to the cells of the tissue in which the tumor arose.
Term
TNM system
Definition
Tumor size (how big is tumor), lymph Node (are they positive for cancer cells), Metastasis (what is the extent of metastasis). system used for tumor staging.
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