Term
| type of medicine that • emphasizes the therapeutic relationship and makes use of all appropriate therapies, both conventional and alternative. |
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Definition
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|
Term
__________ Medicine-healing occurs outside the body-mind and is viewed as something done to the patient.
________ Medicine-healing occurs within the body-mind and requires active participation of the patient |
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Definition
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Term
| Who Believed a person was a combination of physical & spiritual properties? |
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Definition
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Term
Who...
o Attempted to separate the mind & body from the spirit to protect it from science
o Believed the church should deal with mind & spirit
o Science could dissect the physical body? |
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Definition
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Term
Who is this?
This theory redefined science & our medical system
Reduce natural phenomena to its parts in order to study it and understand the larger whole |
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Definition
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|
Term
What...o Shaped development of allopathic academic education
o Emphasized research, education & clinical practice |
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Definition
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Term
| How have health care costs changed over hte past 10 years? |
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Definition
| o Almost doubled ($391 to $668 billion) |
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Term
| Who is CAM use highest among? |
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Definition
| Post Baby boomers (older americans) |
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Term
| Many HMO's offer at least one type of CAM such as? |
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Definition
| Acupuncture, massage or nutritional therapy |
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Term
| CAM has gained increased attention in the prevention of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Does evidence for CAM support its use in treatment or prevention? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which CAM therapy connects with the spiritual vital force? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which CAM therapy connects with the innate or universal intelligence? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which CAM therapy connects with the qi? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which CAM therapy connects with the prana? |
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Definition
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Term
| Aromatherapy, Massage, Reiki, Reflexology, Acupressure all work on which aspect of CAM? |
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Definition
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Term
| o Hypnotherapy, Prayer, Meditation all work on which aspect of CAM? |
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Definition
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Term
| o Psychotherapy, Journaling, Art therapy, Support groups all work on which aspect of CAM? |
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Definition
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Term
| o Exercise, T’ai Chi, Yoga, Pilates, Qi Gong all work on which aspect of CAM? |
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Definition
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Term
| o Naturopathy, Ayurveda, Chinese Medicine, Acupuncture, Latin American Curandismo all work on which aspect of CAM? |
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Definition
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Term
| o Magnet therapy, Healing touch, Reiki all work on which aspect of CAM? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| o Herbs, Botanicals, Nutritional, Homeopathy all work on which aspect of CAM? |
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Definition
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|
Term
o Large body of practitioners
o Large amt of clinical wisdom
o Encoded into the belief systems of a society or group of people
Is this centuries old CAM or recently developed CAM? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
o Developed by a few practitioners
o No scientific or clinical studies but fit the medical model
Is this centuries old CAM or recently developed CAM? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What are the SEs of Aromatherapy? |
|
Definition
Neurotoxic to kids
Abortive to pregnant women
photosensitivity
allergies
GI irritation with oral preps |
|
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Term
| :Energy is transferred from the giver to the receiver with a purpose to restore internal harmony to the body and to release any blockages (physical or emotional) |
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Definition
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Term
:Involves deep pressure to points on the hands & feet by the thumb and fingers of the operator
o left foot rules the left side of the body and vice versa |
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Definition
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|
Term
:Application of fingers to acupuncture points on the body
• Based on meridian system (channels) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| :are named for specific organs but do NOT correlate to that anatomical body part |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Franz Anton Mesmer: 18th century
Used ____________ to treat a variety of psychological & psychophysiological disorders
• Hysterical blindness, paralysis, HA, joint pains |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Hypnotherapy is widely used now by mental health professionals for? |
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Definition
| Addictions, pain management, anxiety disorders, phobias |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| by altering our state of consciousness, allowing the analytical left brain to be switched off, while the creative right brain becomes more dominant. • This allows us to access what we call our subconscious mind - the part of us that has to change if we wish to overcome obstacles and unhelpful behaviors. |
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Term
| What were the results of RAndolph Byrd's study on prayer? |
|
Definition
o Results were not statistically significant BUT:
Fewer deaths in the prayer group
• less intubation & ventilator support
• required fewer drugs
• lower incidence of pulmonary edema
• required less CPR |
|
|
Term
| :Objective is to still the mind and direct the focus inward, Realigns the mind-body connection, Per the mind-body connection, health is not finite or static but rather a dynamic energy flow, health & illness coexist together |
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Definition
|
|
Term
:“meditation in motion”
• A set of movements focused on the intrinsic energy of the body, “chi” |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are asanas, pranayamas and chakras? |
|
Definition
asanas (postures), pranayama (breathing techniques, Chakra is a Sanskrit word for wheel or disk.
*All are part of yoga |
|
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Term
:Recommended a few precise movements emphasizing control and form to aid injured soldiers in regaining their health by strengthening, stretching, and stabilizing key muscles.
• emphasizes the balanced development of the body through core strength, flexibility, and awareness |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the foundation of pilates exercise? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
:Energy based health practice (general term that describes therapies designed to mobilize and regulate qi)
o Involves movement, breathing exercises, and conscious control of body energy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 7 principles of Naturopathic medicine? |
|
Definition
o 1. the healing power of nature
o 2. do no harm
o 3. find the cause
o 4. treat the whole person
o 5. wellness
o 6. health promotion
o 7. teach the patient |
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|
Term
| What are the 3 components of the program of naturopathic cure? |
|
Definition
1. Elimination of evil habits
2. Corrective habits
3. New principles of living |
|
|
Term
| What are the 5 elements of Ayurvedic philosophyA? |
|
Definition
| Air, Earth, Ether, Fire, Water |
|
|
Term
| Define the 3 doshas of Ayurveda (Vata, Pitta and Kapha). |
|
Definition
Vata: governs movement.
Pitta: process of transformation or metabolism
Kapha: responsible for growth and protection |
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|
Term
| What is considered the most important body function in Ayurveda? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 5 basic elements of Chinese medicine? |
|
Definition
| Earth, Fire, Metal, Water and Wood |
|
|
Term
| According to chinese medicine anger, pbsession and joy are related to which organs? |
|
Definition
Anger is related to the liver
Obsessive thought to the spleen
Joy is related to the heart |
|
|
Term
| Therapeutic goal of acupuncture? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
:the burning of dried and powdered leaves of Artemesia vulgaris (ai ye)
Either on or close to the skin |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Cupping induces a small vacuum in a small glass or bamboo cup that is promptly applied to the skin
• To drain or remove cold & damp evils or to assist blood circulation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are thefour methods used in diagnosing diseases in Traditional Chinese Medicine? |
|
Definition
| inspection, auscultation, pulse taking and palpation |
|
|
Term
| What is the principle of magnet therapy and how does it increase circulation/decrease inflammation? |
|
Definition
Principle: All living organisms have biomagnetic fields around them.
• Magnets are placed over arteries (to carry the magnetic field farther) and are attracted to the iron in blood
• Are said to increase blood flow and decrease inflammation |
|
|
Term
| What are the contraindication to magnet therapy? |
|
Definition
| • AVOID Magnet therapy in patients with implanted cardiac and other medical devices (pacemakers, defibrillators, E-stimulators, etc |
|
|
Term
the patient is NOT physically touched
o A form of “energy healing”
o Practitioner’s hands are thought to manipulate the flow of energy around the pt’s body |
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Definition
| Healing touch (AKA therapeutic touch) |
|
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Term
o Reiki
o Jin shin jyutsu
o External qigong
o Reflexology
o Acupressure
o Shiatsu massage
o Polarity therapy
These are all forms of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
• Healing tradition found in Mexican American communities throughout the US
o Spiritual practice with strong religious faith that incorporates White magic, cleansings, energy work, spirit contact, divination, prayer |
|
Definition
| Latin American Curanderismo |
|
|
Term
| :the study & practice of using plant material for food, medicine and health promotion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the components of a macrobiotic diet (yin and yang foods). |
|
Definition
Yin foods (calming): green vegetables, fruits, nuts, honey
Yang foods (strengthening): meat, fish, eggs, beans
Whole grains: balanced yin & yang form the cornerstone of the diet |
|
|
Term
| Which supplement to vegan dieters typically need? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which form of CAM goes by the principles of using likes to treat likes, Uses the smallest possible dose of a med and Repeat the dose only if necessary? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the controversy surrounding the principles of homeopathy? |
|
Definition
Doses are too dilute to have any effect
The remedies are “placebos” |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 types of manual therapy? |
|
Definition
| osteopathy, chiropractic and massage |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between osteopathy and chiropractic? |
|
Definition
Osteopathy focuses their attention on the intention to heal through "laying on of hands".
Chiropractic postulates that all disease is due to vertebral subluxations. |
|
|
Term
| What are the contraindications to massage? |
|
Definition
Skin infection
Melanoma
Bleeding (esp bleeding into tissues from trauma)
Acute inflammation (RA)
Thrombophlebitis
Atherosclerosis
Varicose veins
Immunocompromised state (to protect the pt) |
|
|
Term
| Explain the origins of Osteopathy and its metamorphosis into today’s medicine |
|
Definition
o Heal through “laying of the hands”, involves the concept of vital energy
o Was mainstreamed into modern medicine after WW2 due to a shortage of MD’s
o Thinks that if the bones are not properly aligned then other body systems are effected
o Developed an emphasis on spine mobilization |
|
|
Term
| What is the Flexnor Model? |
|
Definition
(2y basic science, 2yrs clinical rotation, internship, residency)
*report was published in 1910 and criticized many medical schools bc they were more for profit than training, closed down a bunch of schools and resulted in a change in curiculum. |
|
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Term
| Describe the 3 mechanisms that result in "trigger points"? |
|
Definition
1. (proprioceptive) response to acute injury
2.(nociceptive) response to injury
3. Reflex response from anxiety, pain (increased sympathetic NS response) |
|
|
Term
| :applied directly or indirectly; Based on principle that as a muscle contracts, its antagonist (extensor) relaxes reflexively |
|
Definition
| Muscle Energy technique used in osteopathic medicine |
|
|
Term
| :A spasming muscle is moved into a position that shortens the muscle (counterstrain) & held for 90 – 120 sec, then slowly returned to original position. Interrupts the reflex spasm loop. |
|
Definition
| Strain counterstrain technique used in osteopathic medicine |
|
|
Term
| What is the essential theory of massage? |
|
Definition
| o Essential theory – tissues of the body will function at optimal levels when arterial supply and venous & lymphatic drainage are uninterrupted |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 macro- and 2 micro- nutrients? |
|
Definition
Macro = CHO, protein and fat.
Micro = vitamins and minerals |
|
|
Term
| Which kind of fiber results in regular bowel movements and alleviates constipation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many kcals of energy come from 1g of fat, CHO and protein? |
|
Definition
fat = 9.
CHO and protein = 4. |
|
|
Term
| How do you calculate BMR for males and females? |
|
Definition
weight (kg) x 24 hours = males.
Females = 90% of that. |
|
|
Term
| What is the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA)? |
|
Definition
| The avg. daily nutrient level that meets the nutrient requirements of 97-98% of all healthy individuals at a particular stage of life and gender group |
|
|
Term
| What is the Adequate Intake (AI)? |
|
Definition
| A recommended daily nutrient intake level. Are assumed to be adequate when an RDA is not available |
|
|
Term
| What is the Recommended Daily Intake (RDI)? |
|
Definition
| Used for nutrition labeling based on RDA |
|
|
Term
| What is new about the New Food Pyramid? |
|
Definition
Now includes what counts as a serving, exercise, and alcohol (slide 59)
Eat more CA, lean protein, more fish, exercise
New concept- Discretionary calories (100-300 cal/day) |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 most common probiotics? |
|
Definition
| Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium |
|
|
Term
| What individuals cannot ingest aspartame? |
|
Definition
| PKU patients, will cause brain damage |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between Primary PEM and Secondary PEM? (protein energy malnutrition) |
|
Definition
Primary PEM- Occurs when the inability to meet metabolic demands arises from insufficient dieatary intake.
Secondary PEM- Arises when illness or other factors impair the uptake or utilitization of nutrients, increase protein or energy requirements, or increase metabolic losses beyond nutrient availability |
|
|
Term
| What is marasmus and kwashiorkor? |
|
Definition
Marasmus = starvation.
Kwashiorkor = protein deficiency of diet. |
|
|
Term
| Describe the interrelationship between protein-energy malnutrition and acute illness. |
|
Definition
Causes systemic inflammatory response
Systemic inflammation→ hypermetabolism & hypercatabolism
Resulting malnutrition→ undesirable physiologic & clinical consequences |
|
|
Term
| When should parenteral and enteral surgical diets be utilized? |
|
Definition
o Enteral- When the gut is working, USE IT! This is the preferred method, accessed via the G tube (best in pts with limited amounts of sm. bowel remaining) or J tube (avoids reflux, gastric retention, vomiting, and aspiration).
Parenteral- Used when the GI tract can’t be utilized, access via the internal jugular vein or the subclavian vein |
|
|
Term
| What is the typical progression of a surgical diet? |
|
Definition
| NPO, clear liquids, full liquids, regular diet |
|
|
Term
| What must be present for a post op patient in standard assessment? |
|
Definition
| bowel sounds in all 4 quadrants and passed flatus |
|
|
Term
| What will begin if a patient still cannot eat by day 4 post op? |
|
Definition
| Parenteral or Enteral nutrition |
|
|
Term
| Why have cardiovascular disease rates fallen? |
|
Definition
| due to the preventive efforts of decreasing blood cholesterol, blood pressure, and use of tobacco products |
|
|
Term
| What are the recommendations for total cholesterol, LDL, TGs and HDL levels? |
|
Definition
cholesterol = under 200.
LDL = under 130.
TGs = under 150.
HDL = above 45 for men and 40 for women. |
|
|
Term
:Are mostly made of TG’s, made mostly by the liver and also the intestine, transport TG’s to the cells in the body, if not needed for fuel the fatty acids are released and taken up by adipose cells for storage
• Increased by a diet high in sat. fat and simple sugars (increased production of TG’s)
• Decreased by diets high in Omega-3 FA and exercise |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| :Are made when the VLDL’s release their TG’s load, more dense, circulate in the blodd and are absorbed by the body’s cells and deliver their cholesterol |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| :Are small dense lipoproteins with very low cholesterol content and a high protein content, produced in the liver, circulate in the blood and pick up cholesterol from the dying cells and plaques and then transfer it to other lipoproteins, returns the cholesterol to the liver where it is then removed from the circulation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Devise a diet regimen for patients to aid in the prevention of cardiovascular disease through modifiable factors |
|
Definition
| o Prudent diet- Poultry, fish, whole grains, veggies, non-fat dairy, fruit |
|
|
Term
| A _________ diet is recommended when patients need to avoid foods which may obstruct narrowed intestinal areas or irritate an inflamed colon. How is this diet achieved? |
|
Definition
| low residue diet, achieved by limiting the amount of fiber in the diet |
|
|
Term
| This is the diet historically prescribed for gastrointestinal distress, this is a good list of basics to stick to when you're not feeling so hot. It's not a diet to stick to long-term; it's definitely lacking in many basic nutrients. But it will give you stomach a rest if it's not feeling great |
|
Definition
BRAT
Bananas
Rice
Applesauce
Toast |
|
|
Term
| Which nutrients may beed to be supplemented with a vegetarian diet? |
|
Definition
| B12, Riboflavin (B2), Vitamin D, Iron, Calcium, and Zinc. |
|
|
Term
| What is the DASH (dietary approaches to stop HTN) diet? What did it find with decreased sodium intake? |
|
Definition
A diet that emphasizes fruit, veggies, and low fat diary , low in saturated, total fat, and cholesterol.
It found that decreased sodium intake lowed BP. |
|
|
Term
| Discuss the use of a high fiber diet and what conditions it is prescribed for. |
|
Definition
A high fiber diet decreases intestinal transit time, promotes more frequent bowel movements, and results in softer stools.
It is prescribed for a variety of conditions: Diverticulosis, irritable bowel syndrome, hemorrhoids, and constipation. |
|
|
Term
| Which fruits and vegetables of the highest fiber content? |
|
Definition
Fruits = rasperries and apple with peel.
Vegetables = beans, peas and corn. |
|
|
Term
| Review the effect of a high fiber diet on cholesterol |
|
Definition
| Fiber binds the bile acids in the small intestine. Bile acids are synthesized in the liver from cholesterol and secreted into the small intestine. The fiber-bile complex prevents the bile acid from being reabsorbed from the small intestine, enhancing the secretion of bile acids. To replace the lost acids cholesterol is drawn from the circulation for the production of bile acids, therefore reducing the blood cholesterol levels. |
|
|
Term
| Devise an exercise prescription for an average adult |
|
Definition
Warm-up: 5-10 minutes (include stretching exercises)
Intensity (how hard to work): 55-90 % of maximum heart rate
Duration: 15-60 minutes (progress based on fatigue and heart rate)
Frequency: 3-5 times per week
Type: Aerobic—weight bearing or non weight bearing
Cooldown: 5-10 minutes (include stretching exercises) |
|
|
Term
| List the 3 primary components of a physical fitness program. |
|
Definition
1. physical fitness assessment.
2. development of an exercise prescription.
3. a motivational program. |
|
|
Term
| Evaluate and explain the 4 components of a physical assessment. |
|
Definition
1. medical history
2. establish reasonable goals
3. comprehensive lifestyle test to assessing risk factors and self-assessment health
4. fitness assessment (body composition, cardiovascular endurance, muscular fitness, and muscular flexability) |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 components of the actual fitness assessment? |
|
Definition
Body composition
Endurance
Muscular fitness
Flexibility |
|
|
Term
| What are the appropriate physical activity recommendations for a child and an adult? |
|
Definition
Child = 60 min/day
Adult = 30 min/day |
|
|
Term
| What BMI levels correspond to overweight, obesity and morbid obesity? |
|
Definition
Overweight = 25-29.5
Obese = 30-34.9
Morbid obesity = Over 35 |
|
|
Term
| What is an ectomorph and endomorph? |
|
Definition
Ecto = skinny.
Endo - fat. |
|
|
Term
| How do you calculate Heart Rate Reserve? |
|
Definition
| HRR = HR max - Resting HR |
|
|
Term
| What part of the body stores the largest amount, moderate amount and small amount of glycogen? |
|
Definition
Largest = Muscle.
Moderate = Liver.
Small = Blood. |
|
|
Term
| Have studies shown a health benefit in taking a DMV? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are vitamins attained? |
|
Definition
| Only through diet, cannot be synthesized. |
|
|
Term
| What is the common clinical manifestation of vitamin A deficiency? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the risk of vitamin A toxicity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What form of vitamin D is found in the skin converted from sunlight? What is the physically active form? |
|
Definition
| Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is in the skin, converted in the kidney to 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D (Calcitriol) |
|
|
Term
| Cite the major problem associated with vitamin E toxicity |
|
Definition
Will cause reduced platelet aggregation, interfere with vitamin K metabolism and cause bleeding.
Contraindicated with coumadin use. |
|
|
Term
| Identify vitamin K and it’s interaction with warfarin |
|
Definition
| Warfrin type drugs prevent the conversion of Vit K to its active hydroquinone form. |
|
|
Term
| What results from a Thiamine (B1) deficiency? |
|
Definition
| Beri Beri, wernicke korsakoff, or wernicke's encephalopathy |
|
|
Term
| Explain the relationship between thiamine and alcoholism. |
|
Definition
Alcohol interferes directly with the absorption of thiamine so it needs to be replaced when re-feeding alcoholic patients to prevent:
o Wernick’e encephalopathy
o Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome |
|
|
Term
| What are the major minerals? |
|
Definition
*Need more than 100mg/day
Calcium, Phosphours, sodium, chloride, magnesium, sulfur |
|
|
Term
| What are the trace minerals? |
|
Definition
*Need less than 100mg/day
Iron, Zinc, Copper, Manganese, Fluoride, Chromium, Molybdenum, selenium, iodine |
|
|
Term
| What results from vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) deficiency? |
|
Definition
| angular stomatitis, seborrhea and cheilosis |
|
|
Term
| What results from vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) deficiency? |
|
Definition
| Scurvy and bleeding disorder |
|
|
Term
| What results from vitamin B3 (Niacin) deficiency? |
|
Definition
| Pellagra (diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia and death) |
|
|
Term
| What deficiency in pregnancy can lead to neural tube defects? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the best measurement of vitamin D? What about in renal disease? |
|
Definition
25(OH)D - calcidiol is the most reliable.
If kidney disease check 1,25(OH2)D (calcitriol) to see if it is getting converted to active form. |
|
|
Term
| What is the effect of Epi and Norepi on the body if they are activated by stress? |
|
Definition
Epi- activates RAA sys, increased HR, CO, BP, glycogenolysis.
Norepi- Constricts blood vessels in smooth muscle, decreased gastric secretion, increased night and far vision. |
|
|
Term
| Name and describe the 3 phases of cancer progression. |
|
Definition
Initiation: occurs with mutation of a cell’s DNA by a carcinogen.
Promotion: the mutated cells & their aberrant DNA replicate uninhibited
Progression: invasion & metastasis occurs |
|
|
Term
| Explain the relationship between dietary fat and cancer |
|
Definition
The strong connection between being overweight or obese and cancer
Adipocytes produce pro-inflammatory factors |
|
|
Term
| Which type of cancers have been shown to be linked with high fat diet? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 2 factors have been identified as contributory to the development of cancer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Identify the influential component of soy and it’s actions |
|
Definition
| High protein and almost all fat is unsaturated so it may reduce the risk of heart attack |
|
|
Term
| Do the AICR guidelines support taking vitamins and minerals for cancer prevention? How do they feel about alcohols effect on the heart? |
|
Definition
| Nope, they feel alcohol may have a protective effect on the heart |
|
|
Term
:having a moderate amount of excess body fat
:excess body fat that adversely affects health
:body wt that exceeds > 100% of normal, putting that person at very high risk for serious health consequences |
|
Definition
Overweight
Obese
Morbid Obesity |
|
|
Term
| What is an apple shaped body associated with? |
|
Definition
| increased risk for DM, heart disease, HTN (Common in men and postmenopausal women) |
|
|
Term
| How does the patter of hip to waist ratio and risk of CV disease go? |
|
Definition
| the higher the ratio the higher the risk of CV disease |
|
|
Term
| :stomach “stapling” to reduce total food intake. The stomach is reduced in size by removing the lateral 2/3s, leaving the stomach in the shape of a tube. A stapling device is used. Can be reversed if not done laporoscopically |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| :attaches the lower part of the small intestine to a reduced stomach. Less food is absorbed and food consumed bypasses the stomach & duodenum (Roux-en-Y) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| :Occurs post gastrectomy & post gastric bypass. Also called rapid gastric emptying, dumping syndrome occurs when the undigested contents of your stomach are transported or "dumped" into your small intestine too rapidly |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| :a band constricts the stomach, reducing food intake. Vertical Banded Gastroplasty (VBG)- In this procedure the upper stomach near the esophagus is stapled vertically for about 6cm to create a smaller stomach pouch. The outlet from the pouch is restricted by a band or ring that slows the emptying of the food and thus creates the feeling of fullness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| weight in kg / height in m, squared |
|
|
Term
| What waist to hip ratio corresponds to high risk for men and women? |
|
Definition
Men = over 1.0
Women = over 0.85 |
|
|
Term
| :In this procedure the upper stomach near the esophagus is stapled vertically for about 6cm to create a smaller stomach pouch. The outlet from the pouch is restricted by a band or ring that slows the emptying of the food and thus creates the feeling of fullness. This pouch is not completely closed off from the rest of the stomach. A small opening, about 0.25in across, allows the partially digested food to move into the rest of the stomach and then into the intestines. |
|
Definition
| Vertical Banding Gastroplasty |
|
|
Term
| What are the complications of Vertical Banding Gastroplasty? |
|
Definition
Is classified as a "severely dangerous" operation by the American Medical Association (AMA)
~1 in every 100 patients undergoing VBG die in hospital or within 12 months of the operation. |
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Term
| :uses an adjustable band that fits around the upper part of the stomach. The band divides the upper portion of the stomach into a small pouch, separating it from the lower larger portion of the stomach. The banding limits food intake by causing you to feel full faster after eating. An inflatable balloon is connected to a small reservoir that is placed under the skin of the abdomen through which the diameter of the band can be adjusted. |
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Definition
| Horizontal Gastric Banding |
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Term
| Which diets are moderate in fat, high in carbs and moderate in proteins and follow the USDA guidelines? |
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Definition
| Weight watchers and Jenny Craig |
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Term
| Which diets are high in fat and protein and low in carbs and put their persons into a state of ketosis? |
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Definition
| Atkins, Sugar buster, Protein power and Carbs addicts |
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Term
| Which diets are very low in fat, moderate in protein and high in carbohydrates and were developed to reverse heart disease? |
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Definition
| Ornish diet and New Pritkin program |
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Term
| :In addition to the physical body, the alternative practice also includes the mental, emotional, and spiritual aspects of health. |
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Definition
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Term
| :Therapy that involves the body’s own healing powers |
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Definition
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Term
| Which aspect of health care is now 15% > any other health care cost? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which condition is CAM used most frequently in treating? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common natural product in use today? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the percentages of CHO, Fat and Protein for a healthy diet according to the food pyramid? |
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Definition
CHO = 45-60%
Fat = 20-35%
Protein = 10-35% |
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Term
| Which GI hormone stimulates and supresses hunger? |
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Definition
Stimulate = Ghrelin
Suppress = Leptin |
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Term
| What is the effect of acute starvation on the immune system? |
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Definition
| atrophy of the thymus with immunosuppressive effects |
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Term
| evidence shows that red meat & processed meats are causes of which type of cancer? |
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Definition
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Term
| Salt & salt-preserved foods are probably a cause of which type of cancer? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 3 critical periods for weight gain? |
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Definition
| gestation/early infancy, between 5-7 years old and puberty |
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