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CA Real Estate Principles
CA Real Estate Principles
45
Real Estate & Planning
Professional
09/10/2009

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Term
air rights
Definition
The real property right to the reasonable use of the airspace above the surface of the land.
Term
appurtenance
Definition
Anything affixed (attached) to or used with land for its benefit that is transferred with the land.
Term
base lines
Definition
Imaginary lines that run east-west and intersect meridians that run north-south to form the starting point for land measurement using the rectangular survey systems of land description.
Term
bill of sale
Definition
Written instrument that conveys title to personal property.
Term
bundle of rights
Definition
The legal rights of ownership of real property, including the rights of possession, use, disposition, and exclusion of others from the property.
Term
civil law
Definition
Legal system based on laws and regulations, without the influence of judicial decisions as in the common law system.
Term
common law
Definition
The body of law from England based on custom, usage, and court decisions.
Term
community property
Definition
All property acquired by husband and wife during marriage except that qualifying as separate property.
Term
correction lines
Definition
Guide meridians running every 24 miles east and west of a meridian, and standard parallels running every 24 miles north and south of a base line, used to correct inaccuracies in the rectangular survey system of land description caused by the earth's curvature.
Term
correlative use
Definition
Doctrine that states that property owners may use a reasonable amount of water from an underground source, but not to the detriment of adjoining property owners.  Information about California water rights can be found at the Web site of the Bureau of Land Management, www.blm.gov/nstc/Waterlaws/california.html.
Term
emblements
Definition
Crops produced annually by labor and industry as distinguished from crops that grow naturally on the land.
Term
fixture
Definition
Anything permanenty attached to land or improvements so as to become real property.
Term
fructus industriales
Definition
Plant growth that is the result of cultivation.
Term
fructus naturales
Definition
Plant growth that does not require cultivation, such as natural trees, grasses, and shrubbery.
Term
guide meridians
Definition
Guide meridians running every 24 miles east and west of a meridian, and standard parallels running every 24 miles north and south of a base line, used to correct inaccuracies in the rectangular survey system of land description caused by the earth's curvature.
Term
land
Definition
The earth's surface, including substances beneath the surface extending downward to the center of he earth and th airspace above the surface for an indefinite distance upward.
Term
legal description
Definition
A land description used to define a parcel of land to the exclusion of all others that is acceptable by a court of law.
Term
littoral rights
Definition
Rights to use of water from a lake or other body of still water by adjoining property owners.
Term
lot and block system
Definition
Subdivision system; method of legal description of land using parcel maps identified by tract, block, and lot numbers.
Term
markers
Definition
Method of legal description of land using distances (called metes) measured from a point of beginning and using natural or artificial boundaries (called bounds) as well as single objects (called monuments or markers) as points of reference.
Term
meridians
Definition
Imaginary lines that run north to south and intersect base lines that run east to west to form the starting point for land measurement using the rectangular survey system of land description.
Term
metes and bounds
Definition
Method of legal description of land using distances (called metes) measured from a point of beginning and using natural or artificial boundaries (called bounds) as well as single objects (called monuments and markers) as points of reference.
Term
mineral rights
Definition
Right of the owner of real estate to explore for and remove solid, liquid, and gaseous substances from the property; can be transferred independently of the right to occupy the property's surface.
Term
monuments
Definition
Method of legal description of land using distances (called metes) measured from a point of beginning and using natural or artificial boundaries (called bounds) as well as single objects (called monuments or markers) as points of reference.
Term
personal property
Definition
All property that is not real property.
Term
plat map
Definition
Subdivision map showing division of property into tracts, blocks, and lots.
Term
point of beginning
Definition
The place at which a legal description using metes and bounds starts.
Term
point of beginning
Definition
The place at which a legal description using metes and bounds starts.
Term
ranges
Definition
In the rectangular survey system of lannd description, townships running east and west of a meridian.
Term
real estate
Definition
Real property; land; includes the surface of the earth, the substances beneath the surface, the airspace above the surface, fixtures, and anything incidental or appurtenant to the land.
Term
real property
Definition
Real property; land; includes the surface of the earth, the substances beneath the surface, the airspace above the surface, fixtures, and anything incidental or appurtenant to the land.
Term
rectangular survey system
Definition
Section and township system; U.S. government survey system; method of legal description of land using areas called townships measured from meridians and base lines.
Term
right of appropriation
Definition
Right of government to take, impound, or divert water flowing on the public domain from its natural course for some beneficial purpose.
Term
riparian rights
Definition
The right of a landownder whose property borders a lake, river or stream to the use and enjoyment of the water adjacent to or flowing over the property, provided the use does not injure other riparian landowners.
Term
section
Definition
A standard land area of one mile square containing 640 acres, used in the rectangular survey system of land description.
Term
subdivision system
Definition
See lot and block system.  Subdivision system; method of legal description of land using parcel maps identified by tract, block, and lot numbers.
Term
section and township system
Definition
See rectangular survey system.  Section and township system; U.S. government survey system; method of legal description of land using areas called townships measured from meridians and base lines.
Term
subdivision map
Definition
Document showing division of land into two or more parcels, required before subdivision approval.
Term
township
Definition
A standard land area of six miles square, divided into 36 sections of one mile square each, used in the rectangular survey system of land description.
Term
tiers
Definition
In the rectangular survey system of land description, townships running north and south of a base line.
Term
underground water rights
Definition
Right to remove water from aquifers and other sources below the surface of the land.
Term
U.S. government survey system
Definition
See rectangular survey system.  Section and township system; U.S. government survey system; method of legal description of land using areas called townships measured from meridians and base lines.
Term
water rights
Definition
Right to use of water found at surface of land and underground.
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