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C4-24 Cellular Adaptations to Chronic Injury II
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7
Immunology
Professional
12/01/2010

Additional Immunology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term




Stimulation of Neurogenesis

Definition

Stem Cells- CD34+ and/or umbilical cord blood
Hormones- estradiol
Statins (lipitor, zocor, etc), Nitric Oxide Donors
Growth Factors/Cytokines
NGF (nerve growth factor)
bFGF (basic fibroblast growth factor)
IGF-1 (insulin like growth factor-1)
EGF-1(epidermal growth factor-1: heparin binding)
VEGF (vascular endothelial cell growth factor)
Epo (erythropoetin)

Term




Cell Responses to Insult

Definition

Affected Cell Population can respond in several ways
Increase proliferation of existing population
Undergo death
Differentiate to adapt to stressor
Stem cell regeneration of affected population

Term




General Patterns of

Intercellular Signaling

Definition

Autocrine- cell releases a factor that

  then affects itself.


Paracrine- cell releases factor that

  then affects a neighboring cell.


Endocrine- cell or group of cells

  release factors that travel to distant

  sites affecting other cell populations.

Term

 

 

 

Key Signaling Pathways in Cellular Growth and Repair

Definition

-PI3 Kinase

 

-MAP Kinase

 

-IP3 Kinase

 

-cAMP 

 

-JAK/Stat

Term




Stimulation of
Angiogenesis

Definition

Various vascular growth factors have been used to enhance blood vessel growth after stroke.

Single administration may not be as desirable as combination approaches.
Strength of angiogenic signal
Unwanted side effects of single agents.

Term

 

 

 

 

Two Types of Angiogenesis

Definition

Physiological
Occurs in development, wound healing, reproductive cycle
Well organized control of vascular growth
Minimal changes in permeability, proteolysis, inflammation
Multiple growth factor regulation

Pathological
Increasingly important for several disease states.
Results in abnormal vasculature

Torturous architecture, increased permeability, increased inflammatory and/or thrombogenic potential.
Often due to differential gene regulation of growth factors and other angiogenesis associated genes.

Term




Steps Involved in Angiogenesis

Definition

  1. Angiogenic Factor Production
  2. Release
  3. EC Receptor Binding
  4. EC Activation
  5. EC Proliferation
  6. Directional Migration
  7. ECM Remodeling
  8. Tube Formation
  9. Loop Formation
  10. Vascular Stabilization

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