Executes a body of statements continuously as long as the loop’s test condition continues to be true. Can either hold a simple boolean expression or a compound expression using AND or OR. 

Ex.)

int numLoops = 0;

while (numLoops <= 10) 

{

WriteLine(numLoops);

numLoops++;

}

Output: 0, 1, 2.... 10

A loop that never ends. The body of the loop must take some action that alters the value of the loop control variable so that the expression eventually evaluates false and ends the loop.

Ex.) 

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Definite: Also known as a counted loop, it is a loop that has a predetermined number of iterations. 

Ex.)

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)

{

    Console.WriteLine(i); // Runs exactly 5 times: 0 to 4

}

Indefinite: The value of a loop control variable is not altered by arithmetic, but instead is altered by user input

Ex.) 

int counter = 0;

while (counter < 5) {

    Console.WriteLine(counter);

    counter++; // If this was omitted or altered, the loop might

    run indefinitely

}

A special value that signifies the end of input or the termination of a loop, it controls when to stop processing data or iterating through a collection. Ex.)

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As long as the user continues to enter Y or y as the sentinel value, the loop will keep iterating and adding one to numLoops

syntax:

for (initialization; condition; increment/decrement)

{

statements

}

Ex.)

for (int i = 1; i <= 5; ++i)   // Increment comes AFTER body

        {

            Console.WriteLine(i);

        }

Output: 1 2 3 4 5

You can initialize more than one variable by placing commas between separate initializations:

for (g=0, h=1; g < 6; ++g)

You can also declare a new variable within the for statement

for (int k = 0; k < 5; ++k)

When the variable is declared within the loop however; as above, it can only be accessed within that loop, as it is in _____, or the area where it is known and can be accessed. The variable k is unusable or out of _____ outside the loop.