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| The Two Kinds Of Software |
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System Software - Programs that operate the computer (Windows, Linux)
Application Software - Allows users to complete tasks (Photoshop, Excel)
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Expressed as 1s and 0s. Represents switches that are on and off with:
1 being on
0 being off |
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| High Level Programming Languages |
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Definition
| Uses keywords like read and write to perform tasks. Each of these has its own syntax. |
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| Reserved identifiers that have special meaning in a language. Ex.) read, write, etc. |
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| Each high-level language has its own ________, or rules of the language. For example, to produce output, you might use the verb print in one language and write in another. |
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| Translates high-level language statements into machine language. Issues syntax errors when a programmer uses that language incorrectly. |
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The style in which identifiers are written where they appear to have a "hump" in the middle.
Ex.) hoursWorked, payRate |
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The process of finding and removing errors from a program.
Syntax Errors: Discovered through compiling
Logical Errors: Discovered through testing |
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Definition
| A named storage location for data. It has a name (identifier,) type (e.g., int, sting,) and can hold different values depending on where it is being used within the program, the type however stays the same unless you convert it. |
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The name of a program component such as a variable, class, or method. May not start with a number, contain spaces, or be a reserved keyword such as void.
Ex.) hoursWorked |
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Programming created by writing a series of steps or operations to manipulate values.
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A block of code that performs a task. You call it to run its code, and it can return a value or just execute an action. Always followed by a set of parentheses, and it is convention to write them using Pascal Casing.
Ex.) CalculateWithholdingTax( ); |
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| A style of creating identifiers in which the first letter of all new words in a variable name, even the first one, is capitalized. |
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| Object-Oriented Programming |
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| An extension of procedural programming, uses variables and methods similarly to procedural programs, however the focus is on objects that contain these variables and methods. |
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| A blueprint for creating objects. It describes what features (variables: price, color, etc.) objects will have and what they will be able to do (methods: walkSpeed( )) after they are created. |
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| In Object-Oriented Programming the practice of hiding an object's internal data and only exposing what’s necessary through public methods. It keeps data safe and controlled. |
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In Object-Oriented Programming, the ability to extend a class so as to create a more specific class that contains all the attributes and methods of a more general class; the extended class usually contains new attributes or methods as well.
Ex.) Creating a new class ShowDog from the already existing class Dog, |
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In Object-Oriented Programming, The ability for methods to behave differently based on the object calling them, even if they share the same name.
Ex.) You may be able to "fill" a dog and an automobile, however the procedure for those things are very different. If the object "dog" were to call the method, then it would mean you feed the dog, where the alternative is to fill the car with gas. |
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A series of characters that will be used exactly as entered. Always appears in double quotation marks
Ex.) WriteLine("Example") //prints the word Example |
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Definition
information that a method needs to perform its task.
Ex.) If making an appointment at the dentist was a method, you would write the following:
MakeAppointment("September 10th", "2 p.m."); |
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Definition
| A way to group related classes, methods, and code elements to organize your code and avoid name conflicts. Necessary as projects grow in size, because many classes or methods may have the same name. |
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Definition
prints text to the console and then moves the cursor to a new line after printing. This means the next output will start on a new line. Ex.)
Input:
Console._________("Hello");
Console._________("World");
Output:
Hello
World |
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Term
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Definition
Prints text to the console, but it does not move the cursor to a new line after printing. This means if you use ________( ) multiple times, the output will all be on the same line. Ex.)
Input:
Console._________("Hello");
Console._________("World");
Output:
HelloWorld
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Term
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Definition
| When a method is _______, it performs an action or calculation but doesn’t return a value to be stored or used later. |
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| Identifier Naming Rules & Conventions |
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Definition
- Must begin with an underscore, @ sign, or a letter
- Can contain only letters, digits, underscores, and the @ sign. Cannot contain spaces or any other punctuation or special characters such as #, $, or &.
- Cannot be a C# keyword such as class or void
Ex.)
Employee - Conventional and legal
employee - Unconventional (starts with lower case) but legal
Push Button - Contains a space; illegal |
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Definition
- // - used for a single line
- /* (multiple lines) */ - used for a block of code
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Term
| Using The System Namespace |
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Definition
By inserting the system namespace at the top of your code you can skip out on typing System.Console.WriteLine... over and over again. See picture below:
[image] |
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