Term
| CH role in community health program planning and evaluation |
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Definition
Collaborative leadership role with desired outcome to
* plan
* organize
* implement
* evalute
-- intervention programs that address the specific health needs of the community |
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Term
| Community health program planning |
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Definition
| Reflects priorities set as result of analysis of community assessment data |
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Term
| Priorities established based on |
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Definition
* extent of problem
* relevance of problem to the public
* estimated impact of intervention |
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Term
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Definition
| comprehensive approach that identifies the community as a client |
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Term
| foundation for population-specific program planning |
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Definition
| community assessment and diagnosis |
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Term
| community development and implementation of strategies using nursing process |
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Definition
| exapand assessment, diagnosis, planning, intervention, and evaluation efforts from individual to community or aggregate level |
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Term
| nurse as key player in assessing community needs |
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Definition
* interact with community partners serving community at lg
* witness interaction betwn community programs and response of client to the services
* identify future services based upon visible needs of population groups |
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Term
| components of a community assessment |
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Definition
* people
* place or environment
* social systems |
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Term
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Definition
* demographic
* distribution
* mobility
* density
* census data
* biological factors
* health and disease status
* genetic
* race
* age
* gender
* causes of death
* social factors
* occupation
* activities
* marital status
* education
* income
* crime rates
* recreationg
* industry
* cultural factors
* positions
* roles
* history
* values
* customs
* norms
* religion |
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Term
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Definition
* physical factors
* geography
* terrain
* type of community
* location of health services
* housing
* animal control
* environmental factors
* geography
* climate
* flora
* fauna
* topography
* toxic substances
* vectors
* pollutants |
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Term
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Definition
* health systems
* economic systems / factors
* education systems
* religious systems
* welfare systems
* political systems
* recreation systems / factors
* transportation systems
* resources and services |
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Term
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Definition
| critical community health nursing function; essential to combine several methods of data collection or may miss essential info |
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Term
| Data collection method: informant interviews |
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Definition
* direct discussion with community members for purpose of obtaining ideas and opinions from key informants
* minimal cost
* participants serving as future supporters
* built-in bias
* mtg time and place |
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Term
| Data collection method: community forum |
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Definition
* open public meeting
* opp for community input
* minimal cost
* difficulty finding convenient time and place
* potential to drift from issue
* challenging to get adequate participation
* poosibility that a less vocal person may be reluctant to speak |
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Term
| Data collection method: secondary data |
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Definition
* use of existing data to assess problem
* database of prior concerns / needs of population
* ability to trend health issues over time
* possibility that data may not represent current situation
* can be time consuming |
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Term
| Data collection method: windshield survey |
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Definition
* descriptive approach that assesses several community components by driving through a community
* provides a descriptive overview of a community
* need for a driver so nurse can visualize and document the community elements
* may be time consuming
* results based only on visualization and does not include input from community members |
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Term
| Data collection method: focus groups |
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Definition
* directed talk with a representative sample
* minimal cost
* possibility of participants being potential supporters
* provides insight into community support
* possible discussion of irrelevant issues
* challenging to get participants
* difficult to ensure that sample is truly representative of the overall community |
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Term
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Definition
* observation of formal or informal community activities
* indication of community priorities, environmental profile, and identification of power structures
* bias |
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Term
| Analysis of community assessment data |
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Definition
* gathering collection data into a composite database
* assessing completeness of data
* Identifying and generating missing data
* synthesizing data and identifying themes
* identify community needs and problems
* identifying community strengths and resources |
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Term
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Definition
| for each identified problem from assessment |
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Term
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Definition
| nurse should identify expected outcomes based on specific and measurable criteria |
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Term
| problems identified by community assessment |
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Definition
| stated as community health diagnoses |
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Term
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Definition
| incorporate info from community assessment, general nsg knowledge and epidemiological concepts |
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Term
| Community nsg diagnoses format |
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Definition
| Risk of [problem] among [population at risk] r/t [weaknesses influencing the risk] |
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Term
| factors in setting priorities |
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Definition
* community awareness of the problem
* community readiness to acknowledge and address problem
* available expertise / fiscal resources
* severity of problem
* amt of time needed for problem resolution |
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Term
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Definition
* Brainstorm ideas
* obtain community awareness, support, and involvement
* collaborate in dev prob statement, goal statement, and timeline
* assess resources; dev interventions
* coordinate collaborations that have similar interests in addressing probs |
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Term
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Definition
* collect data about pop
* eval trends and risk factors of popu for ID'ed health need
* complete needs assess
* ID strengths
* dev priorities
* est outcomes |
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Term
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Definition
* plan interventions to meet ID'ed outcomes, focusing on
* education,
* enforcement
* engineering elements
* est methods for allocating resources and ascertaining rights, status, and resources
* initiate interventions to meet outcomes by linking resources to needs, dev community partnerships, plan interventions that impact health protection / promotion / disease prevention
* determine funding opportunities for needed interventions |
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Term
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Definition
* carry out the plan
* ID the sequence of interventions and when they should occur
* monitor the intervention process and response of the community in terms of its values, needs, perceptions |
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Term
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Definition
* examine success of interventions
* document progress of interventions
* compare outcomes against a standard
* modify interventions based on results
* modify interventions to meet needs of population
* share findings with population groups |
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Term
| Development of plan for community health program |
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Definition
* est goals and objectives
* select strategies / interventions to meet objectives
* plan logical sequence for interventions by establishing a timetable
* ID who will assume responsibility for each intervention
* assess personnel needed and any special training
* assess supplies, equipment ed materials, office space, screening space
* dev a budget
* plan for pgm eval
* implement
* evaluate |
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Term
| Strategies in implementing community health programs |
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Definition
* thorough assessment
* accurate interpretation of data
* collaboration with community partners
* effective communication patterns
* sufficient resources
* logical planning
* skilled leadership |
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Term
| Barriers to implementing community health programs |
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Definition
* inadequate assessment
* misinterpreted data
* no involvement with community partners
* impaired communication
* inadequate resources
* lack of planning
* poor leadership |
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Term
| Evaluation of community health program |
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Definition
* ongoing process
* document success, efficiency, effectiveness, and interventions
* report results of evaluation to key team members and community |
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