Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two aspects of biomaterial/host interaction? |
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Definition
-The material's response to a living system
- the host response to the presence of a material |
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Term
| Give some example of biomedical material degradation |
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Definition
-absorption
-leaching
-corrosion
-wear
- polymer hydrolysis
-polymer oxidation |
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Term
| How is the host response to the presence of a material measured and with respect to what? |
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Definition
The host response to the presence of a material may be measured in terms of the local cellular/tissue response or further-reaching systemic reaction.
Evaluation o this response usually involves tsets for:
-cytotoxicity
-haemocompatibility
-sensitisation
-irritation
-carcinogenicity |
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Term
| What are the different scales of classification of bone? |
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Definition
-macrostructure
-microstructure
-ultrastructure
-molecular structure |
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Term
| What are the two forms of tissue in long bones? |
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Definition
| cortical tissue which forms the compact outer shell and cancellous bone which has a honey comb structure and is located at the ends of long bones. |
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Term
| Why does cancellous structure have a 'honeycombed' structure? What does this confer to bone? |
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Definition
- high specific strength
- resistance to impact loads |
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Term
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Definition
States that bone in a healthy individual will adapt to the loads under which it is placed.
Therefore, if loading in a bone increases bone will remodel itself to become stronger. However, if loading on a bone decreases, bone will restructure itself to become weaker |
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Term
| Why is the epiphysis covered in cartilage? Rather, what is the function of cartilage? |
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Definition
| to provide a low friction surface for joint movement |
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Term
| Cartilage is continuous with what part of bone? |
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Definition
| The periosteom which is a fibrous sheath that covers the external surface of the bone |
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Term
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Definition
| a layer of tissue that covers the internal surface of bone and is in contact with the bone marrow |
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Term
| What is the Haversian System? What's another name for the Haversian System |
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Definition
| The Haversian system or osteons are a collagen-mineral composite that forms densely packed concentric lamellar structurea |
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Term
| What makes up the ultrastructure of bone? |
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Definition
| bone contains both a mineral component, which is similar to hydroxyapatite, and an organic component, collagen. |
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Term
| What are the 3 main constituents of bone? |
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Definition
- bone matrix
- bone cells
- bone marrow |
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Term
| What are the 3 main constituents of bone matrix? |
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Definition
- collagen fibres
- bone mineral crystals
- ground substance, which is composed of a number of organic and inorganic compounds |
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Term
| What are the approximate weight percents of mature bone? |
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Definition
-10-20% water
-60-70% inorganic bone mineral
-30-40% is collagen
-2-5% other organic molecules |
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Term
| What is the Ca:P ratio in hydroxyapatite? bone mineral? What's the significance of this? |
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Definition
hydroxy apatite- 1.66
bone mineral - 1.37- 1.87
Bone mineral is not a direct analogue of hydroxyapatite as is commonly believed |
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Term
| Where do you find ground substance? |
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Definition
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