1. Deletion of one chromosome, is in the ase of XO or Turners syndrome, would be a case of

A. aneuploidy

B. changes in the lineat arrangement of genes within one chromosome

C. trisomy

D.polyploidy

A. aneuploidy

2. Genes that determine sex-linked traits in humans are found on the

A. X chromosome.

B. Y chomosome.

C. kinetosome.

D. autosome.

E. any of the choices are correct.

E. any of the choices are correct.

3. Gene interactions in which an allele at one locus prevents the expression of an allele at another locus is called

A. complete dominance

B. incomplete dominance

C. epistasis

D. pleiotropy

E. polygenic inheritance

C. epistasis

4. Your nose would be considered

A. medial, anterior, and dorsal

B. medial, anterior, and ventral

C. medial, posterior, and ventral

D. lateral, anterior, and ventral

E. medial, posterior, and dorsal

B. medial, anterior, and ventral

5.Transfer RNA functions in

A. delivering amino acids to the mRNA-ribosome complex.

B. synthesizing mRNA

C. replicationg DNA

D. delivering amino acids to DNA

E. None of the choices are correct.

A. delivering amino acids to the mRNA-ribosome complex.

6. Which statement about Cnidaria is NOT true?

A. Reproduction is both sexual and asexual.

B. Some forms are sessile and others are motile.

C. They live in either marine or freshwater environments.

D. Tentacles are used to capture prey and put it into the mouth.

E. The body plan is tube-within-tube, with a distinct mouth and anus.

E. The body plan is tube-within-tube, with a distinct mouth and anus.

7. Stinging cells called ______ are characteristic of cnidarians

A. amebocytes

B. choanocytes

C. cnidocytes

D. collenocytes

E. gonangia

C. cnidocytes

8. Red-green colorblindness is a sex-linked trait. A woman with normal color vision, whose fatherwas colorblind, mates w/ a colorblind man. What chance does each of their sons have of being colorblind?

A. 50%

B. 100%

C. 0%

D. 10%

A. 50%

9. Which tissue receives, interprets, and produces a response to stimuli?

A. Muscle

B. Nervous

C. Epithelial

D. Connective

E. All correct

B. Nervous

10. Which of the following types of tissue provides mmt for and throughout the entire body?

A. Muscle

B. Nervous

C. Epithelial

D. Connective

E.Neuroglia

A. Muscle

11. The Class Demospongiae

A. includes marine and freshwater species

B. includes sponges that have siliceous spicules

C. includes sponges with spongin

D. includes 95% of all sponge species

E. all the above

E. all the above

12. Which of the following is a (are) true fossil(s)?

A. The remains of an actual insect in amber or the tissue of a frozen extinct mammoth

B. Skeletal parts where bones have been replaces by minerals.

C. Molds, casts, or impressions

D. Fossilized excrements ( coprolites)

E. All of the choices are technically fossils.

E. All of the choices are technically fossils.

13. For the sake of this genetic problem, consider that right-handedness (RR,Rr) is dominant to left-handedness (rr). A teacher surveys her class of 24 students ect......

A. None, ect...

B. Six, ect...

C. Twelve, since q2 = 0.25, ect..

D. Eighteen will ect

E. There is no way to estimate

C. Twelve, since q2 = 0.25, ect..

Which of the following is NOT correct about X-linked characteristics?

A. More males than females are affected

B. If a female exhibits the trait, all of her son will also inherit and exibit it

C. Females can be carriers of the gene without showing it

D. A characteristic often "skips" a generation, from a woman's father to her son

E. Males have two copies of the alleles for the trait, but females only have one.

E. Males have two copies of the alleles for the trait, but females only have one.

15. Hermatypic corals have mutualistic algal cells in their tissues called

A. zooxanthellae

B. kelp

C. Euglena

D. colloblasts

A. zooxanthellae

16. The class Hydrozoa contains Hydra, Obelia, and

A. The portuguese man-of war

B. Aurelia

C. the sea anemones

D. most corals

E. None of these choices are correct

A. The portuguese man-of war

17. Down syndrome in humans is due to:

A. monosomy (one copy of chromosome #21)

B. two Y chromosomes

C. three copies of chromosome #21

D. three X chromosomes

C. three copies of chromosome #21

18. Which of the following is NOT a pre-zygotic barrier?

A. Sperm cannot penetrate the egg

B. Male mating bx is not correct to attract the female

C. Eggs and sperm are produced/released at different times

D. Offspring are sterile

D. Offspring are sterile

19. The scientific name of the copperhead is Agkistrodon contorix. Therefore,

A. it belongs to the genus Agkistrodon

B. it belongs to the species Agkistrodon

C. it is species Agkistrodon subspecies contorix

D. None of the choices are correct

A. it belongs to the genus Agkistrodon

20. Which gives the correct sequence of increasing organizational complexity?

Put in order...

Tissue  Cell  organ system  organism  organ

C. Cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

21. In sponges, cells responsible for water flow and capture of some particles are the

A. myocytes

B. archaeocytes

C. choanocytes

D. pinacocytes

E. lophocytes

C. choanocytes

22. A section of a chromosome breaks out and then reinserts itself into the gap it left, but in the opposite direction; this is called

A. aneuploidy

B. an inversion

C. a translocations

D. a deletion

E. None are correct

B. an inversion

23. The simplest canal system is found in the

A. asconoids

B. leuconoids

C. syconoids

D. archeocytes

E. portoporifera

A. asconoids

24. A classic example of multiple genes determining phenotype is

A. skin color in humans

B. height in garden peas

C. pink flowers in heterozygous four o'clocks.

D. coat color in rabbits

E. albinism in humans and animals

A. skin color in humans

25. Which of the following is required for natural selection to occur in a pop?

A. Variation in the pop

B. Inheretance of genetic variation

C. Differential survival and reproduction

D. All of the above

D. All of the above

26. The free-swimming larva of most sponges is a

A. bud

B. gemmule

C. apopyle

D. parenchymula

E. plasmodium

D. parenchymula

27. Which of the following statements about DNA replication is NOT correct?

A. Replication occurs as each base is paired w/ another exactly like it.

B. Unwinding of the DNA molecule occurs as hydrogen bonds break

C. One old strand is conserved in each new molecule

D. DNA polymerase catalyzes DNA replication

E. Complementary base pairs are held together with hydrogen bonds

A. Replication occurs as each base is paired w/ another exactly like it.

D. were originally one species but are now two species

29. How is genetic equilibrium disturbed in natural pops?

A. genetic drift

B. nonrandom mating

D. natural selection

D. migration

E. all of the above

E. all of the above

30. Reproduction in sponges is

A. asexual by budding

B. asexual by gemmules

C. sexual w/ both male and female sex cells in one individual

D. All of the choices are correct

D. All of the choices are correct

31. Lamarck's theory of evolution was centered on the idea that

A. differential survival of individuals w/ genetic variation

B. local catastrophes causes mass extinction of speceis

C. speceis are fixed and unchanged over time

D. an individual organism changes during its lifetime, and these changes can be passed on to offspring

D. an individual organism changes during its lifetime, and these changes can be passed on to offspring

32. What discovery by T. H. Morgan finally determined that genes were carried on chromosomes?

A. heat-sensitivity of certain enzymes determining coal color

B. sex-linked eye color in fruit flies

C. the finding of complete dominance

D. discovery of the Rh blood group

B. sex-linked eye color in fruit flies

33. Sections od DNA that do not code for a final product, and which may intervene in a DNA sequence are

A. transcribed into RNA

B. exons

C. introns

D. interferons

E. None of the choices are correct

C. introns

34. A codon is composed of ____ bases

A. two

B. three

C. four

D. five

E. six

B. three

35. Evolution by natural selection was independantly proposed by Darwin and

A. Alfred Russel Wallace

B. Jean Baptiste de Lemarck

C. Captain Robert FitzRoy

D. Charles Darwin

E. Charles Lyell

A. Alfred Russel Wallace

36. Which type of tissue lines body cavities and covers body surfaces?

A. Muscles

B. Nervous

C. Epithelial

D. Connective

E. Neuroglia

C. Epithelial

37. Males are said to be ____ for traits carried on the X chromosome

A. epistatic

B. codominant

C. polygenic

D. hemizygous

E. homozygous

D. hemizygous

38. Scientists recognize a species on what criterion(a)?

A. Although individuals w/in a given species may have variable phenotypes, the individuals w/in most species usually have similar phhenotypes

B. There is similarity of genotypes w/in a species and identifiable differences from members of their species.

C. Members of a species can interbreed, but typically do not breed w/ other species

D. Members of related species have a most recent common ancestor

E. All of the choices are used in a general sense to distinguish species

E. All of the choices are used in a general sense to distinguish species

39. Beadle and Tatum proposed the "one gene one enzyme hypothesis" based on experiments w/

A. the bread mold Neurospora crassa

B. the fruit fly Drosophila

C. a bacterium Escherichia coli

D. mice

E. humans

A. the bread mold Neurospora crassa

40. Diploblastic organisms lack which germ layer(s)?

A. Endoderm

B. Ectoderm

C. Mesoderm

D. Mesoderm and endoderm

E. Ectoderm and endoderm

C. Mesoderm

41. Birds and insects both have wings, but we do not consider this similarity as evidence of relatedness b/c

A. insect wings are vestigial

B. bird wings function on different physics principles of lift

C. the wings are not homologous structures w/ a common ancestral origin

D. they did not evolve in the same region or live at the same time period

E. there is no fossil link b/w the two groups

C. the wings are not homologous structures w/ a common ancestral origin

42. Which of the following is NOT a function of connective tissue?

A. Line body surfaces and cavities

B. Bind and support body parts

C. Store energy (e.g., fat)

D. Fill spaces

E. Produce blood cells

A. Line body surfaces and cavities

43. The man who developed the present system of classification was

A. Aristotle

B. John Ray

C. Carolus Linnaeus

D. Charles Darwin

E. Gregor Mendel

C. Carolus Linnaeus

44. In small pops, gene frequencies can change drastically by chance alone. This phenomenon is called:

A. migration

B. density-independent effects

C. density-dependent effects

D. genetic drift

D. genetic drift

45. The theory that onogeny recapitulates phylogeny was originally offered by

A. Alfred Wallace

B. K.E. von Baer

C. Charles Darwin

D. Ernst Mayr

E. Ernst Haeckel

E. Ernst Haeckel

46. What is the term used to describe the accumulation of small changes in the gene pool of a pop over time?

A. Genetic drift

B. Founder effect

C. Microevolution

D. Directional selection

E. Disruptive selection

C. Microevolution

47. The ______ stage is best adapted for cnidarians living in colonies while the _____ stage helps in dispersal and survival in open oceans

A. gastrozooid, dactylozooid

B. lappet, rhopalium

C. medusa, polyp

D. polyp, medusa

E. dactylozooid, gastrozooid

D. polyp, medusa

48. In sponges, cells that move about in the mesohyl and digest particles and may specialize for other functions are the

A. archaeocytes

B. pinacocytes

C. choanocytes

D. spongocytes

E. lophocytes

A. archaeocytes

49. Darwin's theory of natural selection to explain evolution is considered ______ b/c  it _____.

A. variational, involves descent w/ selection among varieties

B. uniformitarianism, requires all evolution to follow the same mechanisms

C. transformational, claims individuals can change their characteristics to produce evolution

D. transformational, involves descent w/ selection among varieties

A. variational, involves descent w/ selection among varieties

50. The classic Linnaean ranks for animals, from largest and most inclusic to smallest and least inclusive, is as follows:

A. domain, kingdom-phylum-order-class-family-genus-species

B. domain, kingdom-phylum-order-family-class-genus-species

C. domain, kingdom-phylum-class-order-family-genus-species

D. domain, kingdom-phylum-order-class-family-genus-species

E. domain, kingdom-order-phylum-class-family-genus-species

C. domain, kingdom-phylum-class-order-family-genus-species