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| The situation in which companies can reduce their production costs if they can purchase raw materials in bulk; the average cost of goods goes down as production levels increase. |
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| A system in which one person is at the top of the organization and there is a ranked or sequetial ordering from the top down of managers who are responsible to that person. |
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| The line of authority that moves from the top of a heirarchy to the lowest level. |
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| An organization with many layers of managers who set rules and regulations and oversee all decisions. |
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| An organization structure in which decision-making authority is maitained at the top level of management. |
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| An organization structure in which decision making authority is delegated to lower-level managers more familiar with local conditions than headquarters management could be. |
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| The optimal number of subordinates a manager supervises or should supervise. |
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| Tall organization structure |
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| An organizational structure in which the pyramidal organization chart would be quite tall because of the various levels of management. |
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| Flat organization structure |
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| An organization structure that has few layers of management and a broad span of control. |
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| The dividing of organizational functions into seperate units. |
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| An organization that has direct two-way lines of responsibility, authority, and communication running from the top to the bottom of the organization, with all people reporting to only one supervisor. |
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| Employees who are part of the chain of command that is responsible for achieving organizational goals |
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| Employees who advise and assist line personnel in meeting their goals. |
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| An organization in which specialists from different parts of the organization are brought together to work on specific projects but still remain part of a line-and-staff structure. |
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| Cross-functional self-managed teams |
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| Groups of employees from different departments who work together on a long-term basis. |
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| Using communications technology and other means to link organizations and allow them to work together on common objectives. |
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| The present moment or the actual time in which something takes place |
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| A temporary networked organization made up of replaceable firms that join and leave as needed. |
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| Comparing an organization's practices, processes, and products against the world's best. |
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| Those functions that the organization can do as well as or better than any other organization in the world. |
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| Young people who have grown up using the Internet and social networking. |
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| Redesigning an organization so that it can more effectively and efficiently serve its customers. |
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| An organization that has contact people at the top and the cheif executive officer at the bottom of the organization chart. |
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| Organizational (or corporate) culture |
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Definition
| Widely shared values within an organization that provide unity and cooperation to achieve common goals. |
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| The structure that details lines of responsibility, authority, and position; that is, the sturcture shown on organizational charts. |
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| The system the develops spontaneously as employees meet and form cliques, relationships, and lines of authority outside the formal organization. |
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