Term
| What is the rate of breast cancer? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the breast drainage go? |
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Definition
*Breast drainage goes into axillary lymph nodes
*axillary lymph nodes may be removed during breast cancer surgery |
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Term
| What are the different lymph node locations? |
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Definition
*Level I: Lymph nodes lateral and inferior to the pectoralis minor muscle
* Level II: Lymph nodes under the pectoralis minor muscle
* Level III: Lymph nodes under and deep to the pectoralis minor muscle |
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Term
| What are the most common breast cancer types? |
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Definition
most common - ductal carcinoma
2nd most common - lobular carcinoma (likely to be in both breasts) |
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Term
| What are the different general types of breast cancer treatments? |
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Definition
*Surgical
*Chemotherapy
*Radiation therapy
*Hormonal therapy |
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Term
| What are some indicators of breast cancer? |
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Definition
Contour
*asymmetry
*lumps
*dimpling - scar tissue
Nipple and Areolar
*retraction
*ulceration
*discharge |
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Term
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Definition
*type of breast cancer where breast resembles an orange
*orange color and many small bumps
*bumps result from suspensory ligaments pulling the proliferating breast cancer tissue back |
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Term
| What are the different types of surgical options for breast cancer? |
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Definition
*Wide excision (lumpectomy) - removal of the cancerous lump
*Axillary dissection - removal of axillary lymph nodes; axillary tail is the most common cancer location
*Modified radical mastectomy - removal of entire breast, lymph nodes
*Radical mastectomy - removal of entire breast, lymph nodes, and pectoralis major
NOTE - combination of lumpectomy, axillary dissection and radiation has the same effectiveness of mastectomy and allows patient to retain breast |
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Term
| What are the different lymph nodes that may be removed? |
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Definition
*Anterior axillary nodes (pectoral nodes)
*Posterior axillary nodes (subscapular nodes)
*interpectoral nodes
*brachial nodes |
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Term
| What are the different reconstruction methods? |
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Definition
*oncoplastic surgery
*Implants
*Latissimus dorsi flap - swing the lat forward and use its tissue as underlying breast tissue
*TRAM flap - swinging of the rectus abdominus from one side to the breast tissue of the other side |
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Term
| What are some of the complications that can occur from surgery? |
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Definition
*Post mastectomy lymphedema - lymphatic obstruction caused by dissection of lymph nodes, massive swelling can occur
*venous thrombosis - blood clotting within a vein |
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