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a section of soil cut out of a site as a sample to be analized |
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used if the natural soil of a site varies too much; keeps structure from experiencing settling and/or uneven settling |
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the steepest angle at which a sloping surface of a particular loose material is stable. |
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soil classification depends on what factors? |
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particle size
bearing capacity
drainage ability |
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the classifications of soil are? |
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frictional vs. highly cohesive soil |
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the more cohesive (and thus less frictional) the soil, the steeper its angle of repose |
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horizontal boards nailed to posts set at the corners of an excavation, used to indicate the desired level
also as a fastening for stretched strings to indicate outlines of foundation walls |
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used when the load-carrying capacity of subsoil is consistent
depth of foundation = "depth at risk of frost heave" |
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used when the load-bearing capacity of subsoil is inconsistent or inadequate near the surface.
depth of foundation = depth of loadbearing stratum |
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why and how is a slurry wall built? |
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Definition
used when water table is high, often to contain groundwater
dig into ground
fill cavity with bentonite clay
put reinforced stell cage into cavity
pour concrete in while siphoning out the clay
excavate one side of wall
anchor wall to earth |
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(aka seismic isolation system) - earthquake engineering
alternating steel and rubber plates at bottom of foundation to allow movement (especially in an earthquake)
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what building discussed addresses how a building meets the ground? |
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Definition
Gugalun House, Peter Zumther |
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Diamond Ranch High School |
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Definition
question of architecture and the ground
"unbuildable" site due to steep slope and unstable ground
retaining wall architecture
2 big "pieces" = 2 fields and parking
"lifted ground" created with roofs |
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Definition
1 : 2 : 3
1 part Portland Cement
2 parts sand
3 parts aggregate and water*
* amount depends on weather, distance traveling, time, workability desired |
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concrete does not dry, it CURES
concrete likes to cure at 70 degrees, but can do so in cooler temperatures. Can't FREEZE, however. |
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Definition
dry, powder, inorganic, large quantities
controversial use of FLY ASH
coloring agents |
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chemical, liquid, improve quality of concrete
super-plasticizers, air-entraining, retarders, stabilizers |
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things to avoid when placing concrete: |
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Definition
adding water at site
excessive vertical drop (more than 4')
excessive horizontal dragging |
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Definition
holes that occur in concrete, especially at corners.
mostly cosmetic, but sometimes becomes a structural issue
indicates problem in pouring concrete - vibrating or mixture |
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white "oozing" substance that occurs on concrete |
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