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Buddhism
Basics of Buddhist Religion
24
Religious Studies
Undergraduate 1
03/02/2008

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Cards

Term
How was Siddhartha concieved?
Definition

Queen Maya had a dream where a white elephant touched her side with its trunk.

Term
What are the 4 passing sights?
Definition
The four passing sights are an old man, a sick man, a corpse, and an ascetic. Siddhartha learns of suffering.
Term
Why does Siddhartha become an ascetic?
Definition
He choose the opposite path of what he knew so that he could understand suffering. Therefore, if he suffered, he could understand it. "Why do people suffer and die?"
Term
How did Siddhartha come to enlightenment?
Definition
By sitting under a tree and meditating. Without desire.
Term
What are the 3 jewels?
Definition

1) Buddha

2)Dharma (teachings of Buddha)

3) Sangha (living as a monk)

Term
What are the 3 marks of reality?
Definition

1)anitya-change

2)anatman-no self, no soul.

3) dukka-suffering

Term

What are the 5 skandas?

Definition

The 5 skandas are the illusions of self, or false self-identifiers.

1) Body (rupa)

2)Sense of preception

3) feelings, emotions

4) thoughts

5) conciousness 

Term
What are the 4 noble truths?
Definition

1) dukkha-all life is suffering

2) tanha- suffering comes from desire

3) to end suffereing, you must end desire.

4) follow the eightfold path

Term
What is Karma?
Definition

Action comes from intent and obsession, the emphasis is on cause NOT effect. Karma is created by a level of attachment to the material world, it's not a problem having material items-it's a problem wanting material items.

Term
What is Nirvana?
Definition
"Blown out" extinguished, obliterated.
Term
What is the tripitaka?
Definition
It is a canon with stories about Siddhartha and his teachings. The literal translation is "3 baskets."
Term
What are the 3 pitakas?
Definition

1) Vinaya Pitaka-"Discipline" basket, or 227 rules that the monks follow

2) Sutra Pitaka- "speeches" basket

3) Abidharma Pitaka- "further teachings" or elaboration by monks

Term
What are the two councils?
Definition

Theravada-the minority, and stricter group.

Mahayana-the majority, more relaxed group.

Term
What does Theravada mean?
Definition
"way or tradition of the elders"
Term
What is the goal of Theravada?
Definition
To reach the status of Arhat or "saint" "holy one" or "awakened one" and after that the person will not be reborn.
Term
What does Mahayana mean?
Definition
"Great or Big Vehicle" There are many ways to salvation. Not just through being a monk.
Term
Why does Mahayana break off from Theravada?
Definition
Because the discovery of new sutras from Siddhartha.
Term
What is the goal of Mahayana?
Definition
To reach the status of bodhisattva, or buddha. (a bodhisattva will not accept moksha until all people end suffering)
Term
In the Theravada school-Madhyamika, what is the 4th mark of reality?
Definition
It is shunyata, or "emptiness" or "empty of permanent essence." It is based off of pratitya-samutpada or "dependence arising" entergies are constrantly arising and decaying (in flux)
Term
What is the theory of causation?
Definition
Everything has a cause, otherwise it is left up to destiny, divine intervention, or luck. But if these are true, then you have no control over ending your suffering.
Term
What is the basic philosophy of the Theravada school-Yogacara?
Definition
"Mind only" and maya means "illusion" Through the mind, we create all of our experiences. We have an equal probablity through the mind to become either enlightened or delusioned. Must have a pure mind to lead to enlightenment.
Term
What is the basic philosophy of the Mahayana school-Pure Land Buddhism?
Definition
Celestial world called sukhavati, ruled over by bodhisattvas. Must have faith in Deity.
Term
What is the basic philosophy of the Mahayana school-Zen?
Definition
Truth doesn't come through study, but through intuitive insight. You can't trust reason, but you must trick the mind using koans and meditations.
Term
What is the basic philosophy of the Mahayana school-the rationalsit sect?
Definition
It is the opposite of Zen, and it requires that you trust reason and study the scripture.
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