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Mechanical scraping of a rock surface by friction between rocks and moving particles. |
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A fan-shaped deposit formed where a fast flowing stream flattens, slows, and spreads typically at the exit of a canyon onto a flatter plain. |
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The base level of a river or stream is the lowest point to which it can flow, often referred to as the 'mouth' of the river. |
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Particles in a flowing fluid (usually a river) that are transported along the bed. This is in opposition suspended load and wash load which are carried entirely in suspension. |
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When the water is moving faster, it can carry more and heavier things. |
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A delta is a landform that is created at the mouth of a river where that river flows into an ocean, sea, estuary, lake, or reservoir or another river. |
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The discharge or outflow of a river is the volume of water transported by it in a certain amount of time. |
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Watershed is the line separating neighbouring drainage basins. |
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Drainage Basin or Watershed [image] |
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A drainage basin is an extent of land where water from rain or snow melt drains downhill into a body of water, such as a river, lake, reservoir, estuary, wetland, sea or ocean. |
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A flash flood is a rapid flooding of geomorphic low-lying areas - washes, rivers and streams. It is caused by heavy rain associated with a thunderstorm, hurricane, or tropical storm. |
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A gully is a landform created by running water eroding sharply into soil, typically on a hillside. Gullies resemble large ditches or small valleys. |
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Headward Erosion is a fluvial process of erosion that lengthens a stream, a valley or a gully at its head and also enlarges its drainage basins. |
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A levee is a natural or artificial slope or wall to prevent flooding of the land behind it. It is usually earthen and often parallel to the course of a river or the coast. |
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A meander in general is a bend in a sinuous watercourse, also known as an oxbow loop, or simply an oxbow. A meander is formed when the moving water in a river erodes the outer banks and widens its valley creating a meander. |
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An oxbow lake is a U-shaped lake water body formed when a wide meander from the mainstream of a river is cut off to create a lake. |
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A pothole is a type of disruption in the surface of a roadway where a portion of the road material has broken away, leaving a hole. |
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The state in which mineral matter dissolves from bedrock is carried in a river. |
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Stream Piracy is a geomorphological phenomenon occurring when a stream or river drainage system or watershed is diverted from its own bed, and flows instead down the bed of a neighbouring stream. |
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The water is filled with many minerals forming a very darky muddy water. |
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A water gap is usually an indication of a river that is older than the current topography. The river likely established its course when the landform was at a low elevation, with a very low stream gradient and a thick layer of unconsolidated sediment. |
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