Accreted Terrane

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A landmass that originated as an island arc or a microcontinent that was later added onto a continent.

 Active Margin

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A continental Margin that occurs along a plate boudary, marked by earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain buildings.

Anticline

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An upfold in rock layers.

Dome Mountain

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A nearly circular folded mountain.

Fault Block Mountains

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Mountains formed from blocks of crust that have been faulted and telted at the same time.

Faults

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A break or crack in Earth's crust along which movement has occurred.

Folds

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A fold is one or a stack of originally flat and planar surfaces, such as sedimentary strata, are bent or curved as a result of plastic (i.e. permanent) deformation.

Joints

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A crack or break in bedrock along which no movement has occured.

Mid-Ocean Ridge

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A mid-ovean ridge is an underwater mountain range, typically having a valley known as a rift running along its axis, formed by plate tectonics.

Monocline

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A monocline is a step-like fold consisting of a zone of steeper dip within an otherwise horizontal or gently-dipping sequence.

Normal Fault

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A fault where the rocks above the fault plane move down with respect to the rocks on the other side, caused by stresses pulling rocks apart.

Evidence of Overturning

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We conclude that latest Cryptozoic overturning of ocean stratification preceded the Cambrian Explosion.

Passive Margin

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Stable continental margin where major activity is buildup of sediments.

Reverse Fault

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A fault where the rocks above the fault plane are driven up over the other side; caused by stresses pushing rocks toward each other.

Strike-Slip Fault

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Fault where the rocks on opposite sides of the fault plane move horizontally with respect to each other.

Syncline

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A downfold of rock layers.

Thrust Fault

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A thrust fault is a type of fault, or break in the Earth's crust with resulting movement of each side against the other, in which a lower stratigraphic position is pushed up and over another. It is the result of compressional forces.

Uplifting

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When two plates colide and and push the mountains upward.

Mudcracks

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Mudcracks form when muddy sediment is exposed to the atmosphere and dries up.

Raised Beaches

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Raised beaches and marine terraces are beaches or wave cut platforms raised above the shore line by a relative fall in the sea level.