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formed when carbon dioxide dissolves in water, known in the form of its salts and esters, the carbonates. It breaks down the calcium in the rock. |
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Chemical Weathering [image] |
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| A weathering process whereby rocks and minerals are transformed into new, fairly stable chemical combinations by such chemical reactions as hydrolysis, oxidation, ion exchange, and solution. Also known as decay; decomposition. |
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The slow, steady downhill movement of soil and loose rock on a slope. Also known as surficial creep. |
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| The result of having been being worn away or eroded, as by a glacier on rock or the sea on a cliff face |
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| Exfoliation is a form of mechanical weathering in which curved plates of rock are stripped from rock below. Like dead skin peeling off you body. |
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a chemical reaction in which water reacts with a compound to produce other compounds; involves the splitting of a bond and the addition of the hydrogen cation and the hydroxide anion from the water. |
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An ice wedge is a crack in the ground formed by a narrow or thin piece of ice that measures anywhere from 3 to 4 meters wide and extends downwards into the ground up to 10 inches. |
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The downward sliding of a relatively dry mass of earth and rock. |
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Dislodgement and downslope transport of loose rock and soil material under the direct influence of gravitational body stresses. |
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Mechanical Weathering [image] |
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Mechanical weathering involves the breaking down of rocks due to a kind of pressure exerted on the rock, which can be due to various reasons, rain, wind, rivers... |
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A mudslide — also called mudflow — is a flow of dirt and debris that occurs after intense rainfall or snow melt, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes and severe wildfires. |
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Oxidation is the process in which oxygen chemically combines with another substance. The result of oxidation is the formation of an entirely different substance. |
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Parent material, in soil science, means the underlying geological material (generally bedrock or a superficial or drift deposit) in which soil horizons form. Soils typically get a great deal of structure and minerals from their parent material. Parent materials are made up of consolidated or unconsolidated mineral material that has undergone some degree of physical or chemical weathering. |
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The soil that is remaining after the soluble elements have been dissolved. |
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Soil is the naturally occurring, unconsolidated or loose covering on the Earth's surface. Soil is made up of broken rock particles that have been altered by chemical and environmental conditions, affected by processes such as weathering and erosion. |
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Soil is naturally removed from the Earth's surface by the action of water or wind. |
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A soil profile must be the side view of soil. There are six layers to the soil profile. |
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Subsoil is the layer of soil under the topsoil on the surface of the ground. The subsoil may include substances such as clay and has only been partially broken down by air, sunlight, water etc., to produce true soil. |
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Topsoil is the upper, outermost layer of soil, usually the top 2 to 8 inches. It has the highest concentration of organic matter and microorganisms and is where most of the Earth's biological soil activity occurs. Plants generally concentrate their roots in and obtain most of their nutrients from this layer. |
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Transported soil is soil that has moved from its place of creation. |
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Weathering is the decomposition of earth rocks, soils and their minerals through direct contact with the planet's atmosphere. |
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