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| An earthquake (also known as a tremor or temblor) is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. |
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| The Richter magnitude scale, or more correctly local magnitude ML scale, assigns a single number to quantify the amount of seismic energy released by an earthquake. |
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| Seismometers are instruments that measure and record motions of the ground, including those of seismic waves generated by earthquakes, nuclear explosions, and other seismic sources. |
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A type of seismic wave, the S-wave, secondary wave, or shear wave (sometimes called an elastic S-wave) is one of the two main types of elastic body waves, so named because they move through the body of an object, unlike surface waves. |
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| Elastic Rebound Theory[image] |
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| The elastic rebound theory is an explanation for how energy is spread during earthquakes. |
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| Modified Mercalli Scale[image] |
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| The Mercalli intensity scale is a scale used for measuring the intensity of an earthquake. |
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| A shadow zone is an area in which an S-Wave (secondary seismic wave) is not detected due to it not being able to pass through the outer core of the earth due to it being liquid. |
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| In elastodynamics, Love waves are essentially horizontally polarized shear waves (SH waves) guided by an elastic layer, which is "welded" to an elastic half space on one side while bordering a vacuum on the other side. |
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| The epicenter or epicentre is the point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the hypocenter or focus, the point where an earthquake or underground explosion originates. |
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| Seismic waves are waves that travel through the Earth or other elastic body, for example as the result of an earthquake, explosion, or some other process that imparts forces to the body. |
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In graph theory, a planar graph is a graph which can be embedded in the plane, i.e., it can be drawn on the plane in such a way that its edges intersect only at their endpoints. |
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| The R wave and the L wave are right-hand and left-hand circularly polarized, respectively. |
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| The Mohorovičić discontinuity, the boundary between the Earth's crust and the mantle, often known simply as the Moho. |
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| seismogram is a graph output by a seismograph. |
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| P-waves are type of elastic wave, also called seismic waves, that can travel through gasses (such as sounds), elastic solids and liquids, including the Earth. |
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| A tsunami (pronounced /(t)suːˈnɑːmi/) is a series of waves created when a body of water, such as an ocean, is rapidly displaced. |
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| Body waves travel through the interior of the Earth. |
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| In seismology, several types of surface waves are encountered. |
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