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| An apparent between certain factors or variables |
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| When a change in one variable causes a change in another. |
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Process in which people are governed that gives the winner the ability to make decisions affecting others (Who gets what/when/how)
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A group of people. Psychological sense of identity. Based on cultural, geographic, or linguistic ties.
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Institutions, people, and groups in a defined geographical area. Have the power to effect change. Have a monopoly of force.
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Fundamental norms and rules established by administrations over time.
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A state’s ability to carry out actions independently. To have absolute power within one’s border.
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Generally accepted view that the government has the right to rule.
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The right to rule because “it has always been that way”
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Rule based on personality
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| Based on a widely accepted system of laws and procedures. |
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A system of government where people choose policymakers in free, regular, competitive elections.
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Procedural, has elections but without civil rights and liberties.
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Political competition, economic freedom, civil rights and liberties.
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| Experts that serve as the ultimate civil servants of government |
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| First-Past-the-Post or Single Member District |
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Winner take all. Winner gets the one seat available in an election. For example, House of Commons, U.S. Congress
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| Proportional Representation |
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Vote for parties rather than candidates. Parties are represented in legislature according to percentage of votes received.
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When business, labor, and the government work closely in policy making
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Granting favors on exchange in exchange for a benefit. “Buying off” critics
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| Factors that separate groups |
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| A division that includes people with differences strengthens society. |
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| A division that strengthens feelings of difference and discrepancy. Weakens society. |
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| History, values, beliefs, and traditions that influence political behavior. |
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| - An ideology favoring evolutionary transformation of the system. |
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An ideology favoring little government interference in the economy and personal freedoms
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An ideology that questions whether change is necessary. (Traditionalist)
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Political extremes to the right or left.
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| Countries with a high standard of living and strong economics |
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| Pride in one’s people and the belief that they have their own unique political destiny |
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| Authoritarian regimes (Hitler, Mussolini, Stalin). Totalitarian attempts to impose state control on all aspects of life |
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Process of expanding and intensifying the interconnectedness among states, societies and economics.
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Countries attempting to improve economic status. Low average and less sophisticated infrastructure. “Third World”
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| Human Development Index (HDI) |
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GDP per capita/literacy/life expectancy. A measure of a country’s standard of living including education
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| Bottom 15 poorest countries. Sometimes considered “Fourth World” |
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| Formula that measures economic inequality within a country |
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| Consumption+government spending+business investments+exports-imports |
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| The overthrow and replacement of a regime based upon popular support |
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| A system of government based on coercion |
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| Theory that in a struggle for resources, the elite will dominate. Eventually, the proletariat will create a classless state |
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System with competitive elections and civil rights, coupled with an emphasis on economic equality.
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| A complex human organization with shared institutions |
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| Institutions with legitimate authority to make and enact laws |
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Those who want to restore political, social and economic institutions that existed in the past. (Usually extreme conservatives.)
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| Form of government where religion and politics intertwine |
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| A set of political beliefs about government goals |
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Views about policy making, the government’s role, the pace of change, and freedom and equality.
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2 house legislature (U.S. Congress, British Parliament)
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| Process of decentralizing power from national government that stops short of federalism |
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| Economy centrally planned and controlled by the government |
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Economy with little government control. Wages and prices are controlled by supply and demand.
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A process by which a policy issue, amendment, or constitution is sent to voters for approval.
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The process of which a person gains political attitude over time.
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Basic fundamental set of laws.
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A collection of people who seek to control government by legal means.
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A group that represents the interest of a certain segment of population |
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| Development of a democratic government |
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| Principle that permits peaceful coexistence of different interests, convictions, and lifestyles |
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