Term
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Definition
| Don Jackson, Jay Haley, Paul Watzwalick |
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Term
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Definition
| The presenting issues are never viewed as individual problems, but rather, are viewed as relational, interactional problems. ● Families are not resistant to change, but are “stuck” in repetitive exchanges that rely on flawed and impractical solutions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Once the presenting problem is identified, the therapist provides implicit and explicit directives that interrupt the family’s dysfunctional, repetitive exchanges and requires the family to attempt alternative solutions. |
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Term
The role of therapist
What other schools follow this general model? |
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Definition
The therapist is active and provides directives. ● Manipulative, paradoxical ● Problem-oriented ● Work as part of a therapeutic team.
Contextual (Nagy)
Structural (Minuchin) |
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Term
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Definition
| All communication is multilayered. The surface layer of communication is what is verbally stated whereas metacommunication is the second layer and qualifies what is verbally stated. |
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Term
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Definition
| Communication or transactional pattern taking place between two people that is similar in style, mirror-like. |
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Term
| ● Complementary Relationship |
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Definition
| Communication or transactional pattern taking place between two people that is dissimilar, unequal. |
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Term
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Definition
| A symmetrical relationship that becomes competitive, whereby the actions of one individual causes a reaction in the other, causing a spiraling effect. |
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Term
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Definition
| A dysfunctional form of interaction whereby the messages being communicated to an individual are contradictory. As a consequence, the recipient of the communication is unable to respond or react without being punished |
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Term
Paradoxical Intervention
Positioning |
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Definition
: A change-oriented intervention. The therapist provides a directive to the client/family, with the expectation that the family will defy the directive and consequently move toward the desired change.
○ Positioning: A paradoxical intervention. The therapist takes a more exaggerated and extreme view of the problem and the family is obligated to rebel. That leads to them seeing the ways in which they have competency. |
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Term
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Definition
| A paradoxical intervention. The therapist directs clients to purposefully engage in an activity that perpetuates the dysfunctional behavior. The expectation is for the family to rebel against the directive or gain a sense of control over the dysfunctional behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| A paradoxical intervention. The therapist encourages clients to hold off on trying to fix the problem or making changes too quickly. The expectation is for the family to become more motivated to work toward change. |
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Term
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Definition
| ● Reduce symptoms and behaviors that brought the client/family to therapy. ● Develop new solutions to disrupt repetition of dysfunctional interactions. ● Alter the system’s rules and organization to promote second-order change. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ask the client/family to articulate the presenting problem ● Relabel the presenting problem ● Explore the family interactions and sequences around the problem articulated by the family. ● Identify the attempted solutions to the problem that maintain the cycle. ● Utilize paradoxical interventions to elicit change. |
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Term
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Definition
This is a brief treatment model, designed to be completed in 10 sessions. Does not require all family members to be present; therapist will work with motivated family members.
Beginning: Define the problem; Identify solutions the family has already attempted; Explore the rules and patterns of interaction that perpetuate the problem.
Early/Middle: Utilize paradoxical interventions; Provide directives to family during session and as homework.
End: Plan for maintenance of new behaviors. |
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