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| A slice through the brain parallel to the forehead |
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| A slice through the brain parallel to the ground |
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| A slice through the brain parallel to the neuraxis and perpendicular to the ground |
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| The plane through the the neuraxis perpendicular to the ground; divides the brain into two symmetrical halves |
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| An identifiable group of neural cell bodies in the central nervous system |
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| A groove in the surface of the cerebral hemisphere, smaller than a fissure |
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| A major groove in the surface of the brain, larger than a sulcus |
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| a convolution of the cortex of the cerebral hemispheres, separated by sulci or fissures |
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| Parts of the brain that contains cell bodies |
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| Parts of the brain that contains large concentrations of myelin and axons |
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| The brain and spinal cords protective covering: 3 layers |
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| Outermost of the meninges; tough and flexible |
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| blood clot between dura and arachnoid membrane |
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| Middle layer of the meniniges, located between the outer dura matter and the inner pia matter |
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| small cerebrospinal fluid filled sacks on the arachnoid membrane |
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| fluid filled space that cushions the brain; located between the arachnoid membrane and the pia matter |
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| Layer of the meninges that clings to the surface of the brain; thin and delicate |
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| a clear fluid, similar to blood plasma, that fills the ventricular system of the brain and the subarachnoid space surronding the brain and spinal cord |
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| Highly vascular tissue that protrudes into the ventricles and produces cerebrospinal fluid |
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| One of the hollow space within the brain filled with cerebrospinal fluid |
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| One of two ventricles located in the center of the telencephalon |
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| Ventricle located in the center of the diencephalon |
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| Small projections of the arachnoid membrane through the dura mater into the superior sagittal sinus; CSF flows through them to be reabsorbed into the blood supply |
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| Most rostral of the 3 major divisions of the brain |
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| Outermost layer of gray matter of the cerebral hemispheres |
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| Anterior portion of the cerebral cortex, rostral to the parietal lobe and dorsal to the temporal |
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| Region of the cerebral cortex caudal to the frontal love and dorsal to the temporal lobe |
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| Region of the cerebral cortex rostral to the occipital love and ventral to the parietal and frontal lobes |
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| Region of the cerebral cortex caudal to the parietal and temporal lobes |
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| region of the posterior occipital love whose primary input is from the visual system |
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| region of the superior temporal love whose primary input is from the auditory system |
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| Primary somatosensory cortex |
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Definition
| regions of the cerebral cortex that recieve information from the regions of the primary sensory cortex |
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| Region of the posterior frontal lobe that contains neurons that control movements of skeletal muscles |
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| Sensory association cortex |
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Definition
| Regions of the cerebral cortex that recieve information from the regions of the primary sensory cortex |
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| Motor association cortex or premotor cortex |
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Definition
| Region of the frontal lobe rostral to the primary motor cortex |
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| Phylogenetically newest cortex, including the primary sensory cortex, primary motor cortex, and association cortex |
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| region of the frontal lobe rostral to the motor association cortex |
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| large bundle of axons that interconnect to corresponding regions of the association cortex on each side of the brain |
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| Group of brain regions including the anterior thalamic nuclei, amygdala, hippocampus, limbic cortex, and parts of the hypothalamus, as well as their interconnecting fiber bundles |
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| Forebrain structure of the temporal love, constituting an important part of the limbic system, important for memory |
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| Structure in the interior of the rostral temporal lobe, containing a set of nuclei |
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| Phylogenetically old cortex, located at the medial edge of the cerebral hemispheres |
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| A strip of limbic cortex lying along the lateral walls of the groove separating the cerebral hemispheres, just above the corpus callosum |
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| A fiber bundle that connects the hippocampus with other parts of the brain; including the mammillary bodies of the hypothalamus |
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| A protrusion of the bottom of the brain at the posterior end of the hypothalamus, containing some hypothlamic nuclei |
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| A group of subcortical nuclei in the telencephalon, the caudate nucleus, the globus pallidus, and the putamen |
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| region of the forebrain surrounding the third ventricle; includes the thalamus and hypothalamus |
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| Largest portion of the diencephalon, located above the the hypothalams, contains nuclei that project information specific regions of the cerebral cortex and receive information from it |
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| Lateral geniculate nucleus |
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Definition
| Group of cell bodies within the lateral geniculate body of the thalamus; recieves fibers from the retina and projects fibers to the primary auditory cortex |
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| Medial geniculate nucleus |
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Definition
| Group of cell bodies within the medial geniculate body of the thalamus; recieves fibers from the auditory system and projects fibers to the primary auditory cortex |
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| Group of nuclei of the diencephalon situated beneath the thalamus; involved in regulation of the autonomic nervous system, control of the anterior and posterior pituitary glands and integration of species-typical behaviors |
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| Endocrine gland whose secretions are controlled by the hypothalamic hormones |
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| Posterior Pituitary Gland |
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Definition
| Endocrine gland that contains the hormone secreting terminal buttons of axons whose cell bodies lie within the hypothalamus |
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| Central of the 3 major divisions of the brain |
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| Subdivision of the midbrain; a region that surronds the cerebral aqueduct; includes the tectum and tegementum |
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| Dorsal part of the midbrain; includes the superior and inferior colliculi |
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| Protrusions on top of the midbrain; part of the visual system |
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| Protrusions on top of the midbrain; part of the auditory system |
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| Ventral part of the midbrain; includes the periaqueductal gray matter, reticular formation, red nucleus, and substantia nigra |
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| Large network of neural tissue located in the central region of the brain stem, from the medulla to the diencephalon |
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| Periaqueductal gray matter |
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Definition
| Region of the midbrain surronding the cerebral aqueduct; contains neural circuits involved in species-typical behaviors |
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| Large nucleus of the midbrain that recieves inputs from the cerebellum and motor cortex and sends axons to motor neurons on the spinal cord |
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| Darkly stained region of the tegmentum that contains neurons that communicate with the caudate nucleus and putamen in the basal ganglia |
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| Most caudal of the three major divisions of the brain |
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| Major part of the brain located dorsal to the pons, containing two cerebellar hemispheres, covered with the cerebellar cortex; an important component of the motor system |
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| Cortex that covers the surface of the cerebellum |
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| Nuclei located within the cerebral hemispheres; recieves projections from the cerebellar cortex and send projections out of the cerebellum to other parts of the brain |
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| one of the three bundles of axons that attaches each cerebellar hemisphere to the dorsal pons |
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| region of the metencephalon rostral to the medulla, caudal to the midbrain, and ventral to the cerebellum |
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| Most caudal portion of the brain; located in the myelencephalon, immediatly rostral to the spinal cord |
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| the "stem" of the brain, form the medulla to the diencephalon, excluding the cerebellum |
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| A bundle of axons surrounded by connective tissue that occurs in pairs, which fuse and form a spinal nerve |
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Definition
| bundle of spinal roots located caudal to the end of the spinal cord |
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| anesthesia and paralysis of the lower part of the body produced by injection of a local anesthetic into the csf surronding the cauda equina |
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Definition
| Spinal root that contains incoming (afferent) sensory fibers |
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Definition
| spinal root that contains outgoing (efferent) motor fibers |
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| Peripheral nerve attached to the spinal cord |
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| axon directed toward the central nervous system, conveying sensory information |
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| Nodule on a dorsal root that contains cell bodies of afferant spinal nerve neurons |
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Definition
| an axon directed away from the central nervous system, conveying motor commands to muscles and glands |
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| peripheral nerve attached directly to the brain |
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| largest of the cranial nerves, conveying efferent fibers of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system to organs of the thoracic and abdominal cavities |
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| protrusion at the end of the olfactory nerve;receives input from the olfactory receptors |
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Definition
| part of the peripheral nervous system that control the movement of skeltal muscles or transmits somatosensory information to the CNS |
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Definition
| Portion of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's vegetative functions |
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Definition
| Portion of the autonomic nervous system that controls functions that accompany arousal and expenditure of energy |
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Definition
| nodules that contain synapses between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system |
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| Sympathetic ganglion chain |
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Definition
| One of a pair of groups of sympathetic ganglia that lie ventrolateral to the vertebral column |
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Definition
| Efferent neuron of the autonomic nervous system whose cell body is located in a cranial nerve nucleus or in the intermediate horn of the spinal gray matter and whose terminal buttons synapse upon postganglionic neurons in the autonnomic ganglia |
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Definition
| Neurons of the autonomic nervous system that form synapses directly with their target organ |
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Definition
| Inner portion of the adrenal gland,located atop the kidney, controlled by sympathetic nerve fibers; secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine |
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Definition
| Portion of the autonomic nervous system that control functions that occur during a relaxed state |
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Definition
| Separates the frontal and parietal lobes |
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| Sylvian Fissure or Lateral Sulcus |
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Definition
| Separates the frontal and the temporal lobe |
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