Term
|
Definition
the inability to PERCEIVE movement
- V5 damage (dorsal stream)
- patient given in example was able to compensate somewhat by taking advantage of the Doppler effect in order to perceive how fast cars were moving toward her. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the inability to perceive 1/2 of a person's visual field
- damage to the right posterior parietal cortex
- usually neglect on the left side (cotralateral processing) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the loss of color vision due to cortical damage |
|
|
Term
| V1, V2, and V8 (previously V4) |
|
Definition
| the regions of the brain that are activated by colored objects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the region of the brain that "perceives" colors
- inferior temporal cortex |
|
|
Term
| Lateral occipital (humans); inferior temporal cortex (primates) |
|
Definition
| the part(s) of the brain that are used for visual discrimination/object recognition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of the ventral stream that probably codes for simple 2D forms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of the ventral stream that codes for complex 3D forms and images |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a specific part of the ventral stream that is responsible for facial recognition in humans |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the failure to recognize people by faces
- bilateral damage to FFA region |
|
|
Term
| EBA or extrastriate body area |
|
Definition
| a perceptual area in the ventral stream responsible for recognizing different body parts |
|
|
Term
| PPA or parahippocampal place area |
|
Definition
| a perceptual area in the ventral stream responsible for recognizing different places or locations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Damage to middle ear - bones don't conduct as well because of built up rigidity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Damage to haircells and beyond - harder to treat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
impairment in language comprehension or production via CNS damage
- tumors, CVAs (stroke), brain injury |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- first described by Paul Broca in 1861
- slow labored, non-fluent speech, agrammatism and anomia
- function words lost and content words spared
- damage to posterior portion of inferior frontal gyrus (AKA: Broca's Area) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- first described by Cark Wernicke in 1874
- speech production is fluent, rhythmic but meaningless and speech comprehension is lost
- weirdly, seem unaware of problem
- damage to posterior portion of superior temporal gyrus (AKA: Wernicke's Area) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- predicted by Wernicke
- normal speech comprehension and production
- unable to repeat words, especially non-word sounds
- damage to arcuate fasciculus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- hearing (non-word sounds), speaking, reading, and writing unimpaired
- damage to the connections between A1 and Wernicke's Area
- "I can hear you talking, but I cannot make out what you are saying." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
AKA: Alexia without agraphia
- normal speech production and comprehension
- reading lost and writing spared
- damage to angular gyrus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
54-75% heritable; 68% concordance in MZ twins
Symptoms include 3 problem areas
- alphabetic/logographic processing to acquire fluent reading
- vocabulary and cognitive strategies for text comprehension
- motivation to read
Persistent
- word exposure: Good(2/day) vs. poor (1/year) readers
- poor reading at Grade 1 predicts reading at Grade 4 (90%) and at high school (75%) |
|
|
Term
| Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) |
|
Definition
time-locked eletrical activity via EEG to external stimuli (language sounds)
- can predict whether a child will have dyslexia in children as young as 36 hours old. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| transduction - part of retina |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Chromatic - color sensitive (wavelength sensitive: you have three types of cones that detect different levels of wavelengths)
- Non-saturable - can absorb tons of light energy under normal conditions (sham-wow): you use cones during the day because there's not enough light at night
- Less convergence - ability to see higher visual detail - higher visual acuity
- Fovea - directly behind the lens (most center part of the retina) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Achromatic - don't detect color (only have one type of rod, can't distinguish many different wavelengths
- Saturable - highly sensitive, a little bit of light is ok, but too much shuts them down (paper towel): too much light in the day, but work well at night)
- Highly convergent - converge signal (broad forms, not high detail)
- Periphery - further out from the center |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reflex control of pupil and lens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Orienting movements of head and eyes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Object recognition pathway |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Apperceptive Visual Agnosia |
|
Definition
- loss of high level perceptual processing
- retains low level feature detection |
|
|
Term
| Associative Visual Agnosia |
|
Definition
| - failure of object identification despite excellent visual acuity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Malleus, Incus, and Stapes (tympanic membrane = ear drum) |
|
|
Term
| Ventral Stream (Audition) |
|
Definition
Temporal cortex and Inferior Frontal cortex
- pitch detection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Superior Parietal and Superior Frontal cortex
- location detection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Disorder in which patient denies ownership of a limb or an entire side of one's body
- RH parietal damage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Morphine, Codine
- Broad use/ respiratory depression |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Indomethacin
- Inflammatory pain/GI or cardiac effects |
|
|
Term
| Antidepressants (NE and 5HT) |
|
Definition
Amitriptyline
- Migranes and neuropathic pain |
|
|
Term
| Anticonvulsants (Na+ stabilizers) |
|
Definition
Carbamazepine
- Neuropathic pain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
