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Botany
exam #2
35
Biology
Undergraduate 1
10/17/2006

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Term
all organic molecules contain?
Definition
carbon
Term
any given element differs from all other elements based on the number of?
Definition
protons it contains
Term
leaves have how many epidermal layers and what are they?
Definition
2, and top and bottom
Term
mesophyll
2 kinds
Definition
between epidermal layers
palisade and spongy
Term
xylem
Definition
is dead, bigger and on top
Term
spines
Definition
plants replaced leaves with these because leaves require water
Term
tendrils
Definition
vines, they just grab ahold of other organisms
Term
bracts
Definition
look like petals but not part of the flower
Term
in arid conditions
Definition
leaves are light colored, they have leaf hairs for more surface area, and a sunken stomata
Term
forms of energy
Definition
pressure waves, heat, light(radiation), chemical, electrical
Term
atoms store energy in?
Definition
electrons
Term
atoms that are further from the nucleus have?
Definition
more potential energy
Term
when energy is added to atom what happens?
Definition
the electron gets excited and moves to the outer shell, where it can be taken away
Term
macromolecules
Definition
carbs, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acid
Term
carbohydrates
Definition
fructose and glucose, starch cellulose, sucrose, lactose
C:H:O-----> 1:2:1
Term
2 kinds of carbs
Definition
monosaccharides and disaccarides
Term
lipids
Definition
waxes, cuberin, cutin, phospholipids, oils, triglycerides
Term
formula for photosynthesis
Definition
co2 + h20 + light ---> c6h1206 + 02
Term
light particle
Definition
photon
Term
UV or Infered Small?
Definition
UV
Term
accessory pigments
Definition
chlorophyll b, carotenoid, xanthophylls
Term
Light + water =
Definition
ATP + NADPH + O2
Term
2 steps in photosynthesis
Definition
light dependant reactions and light independant reactions
Term
light dependant reaction
Definition
light and water enter, o2 and ATP and NADPH out
Term
light independnt reactions
Definition
calvin cycle, co2, NADPH, ATP(energy),
glucose(c6h12o2)
Term
respiration
Definition
c6h12o6 + o2 ----> co2 + h20 + ATP
Term
steps in respiration
Definition
1. glycolysis - 2 ATP
2. Krebs Cycle - 2 ATP
3. electron Transport chain - 32
Term
when does fermentation occur?
Definition
when there is no oxygen for respiration
Term
how does water transport through the plant?
Definition
through xylem in roots and stem
Term
apoplastic diffusion
Definition
between cells
Term
osmosis
Definition
transport through the endodermis of cells
Term
cohesion
Definition
tension theory, which means water sticks to water, water adheres to cell walls, and 90% of water evaporates in the xylem
Term
photosynthates
Definition
travel from a source(leaves) to a sink(growing part) through the phloem
Term
plant response comes from?
Definition
hormones
Term
types of plant responses?
Definition
phototropism and geotropism/gravitropism, positive or negative
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