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1) The first person of note to attempt to organize and classify plants was/were

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2) Which of the following signifies the classification rank of the scientific name Allium cepa?

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3) In Whittaker's five-kingdom classification, which of the following is not used as a basis for distinguishing among kingdoms?

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4) To which of the following do viruses belong?

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5) Which of the following categories of plant classification is equivalent to the category of phylum in animal classification?

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In latin binomials (i.e., specific names of organisms), the second part of each name is referred to as the

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7) Keys constructed by taxonomists to aid in identification of organisms are usually

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8) in the classification of all living organisms given in the classification chapter, Kingdom protoctista is show as having both division and phyla, even though the two categories are considered equivalent.  why is this?

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9) Mosses, liverworts, and hornworts all

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10) which of the following structures is not found in all bryophytes?

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11)  a moss protonema

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12)the pores and cavities of the thalli of liverworts are filled with

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13)  which of the following moss sporophyte structures has the most direct contact with the gametophyte?

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14)  food-conducting cells present in some mosses are known as

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15) the one-celled anchoring structures present on the lower surface of a thalloid liverwort are

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16) each diamond-shaped segment of a liverwort thallus contains a single

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17) which of the following are the lens-shaped pieces of tissue that are produced in cups on a liverwort thallus and become detached independently?

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18) Asexual reproduction in hornworts occurs through which of the following?

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19) which of the following do "leaves" of mosses lack?

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20) the egg of a moss is produced within a cavity is called a 

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21) the one or two rows of teeth that play a role in the release of spores from a moss capsule constitute the

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22)  From an economic perspective the most important bryophytes are the

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23) Bryophytes have an alternation of generations in which the ____ is the dominant generation, unlike vascular plants where the ___ is the dominant generation.

gametophyte; sporophyte

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24) liverworts and hornworts are members of the

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25) The so-called fern allies (relatives of ferns) include several divisions of plants related to ferns.  Which of the following belongs to this group?

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26) The spores of which of the following were used at one time for flashlight powder in photography and the theater?

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27) the gametophytes of which of the following are saprobic.

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28) sporophylls are

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29) the fossilized dungs of prehistoric animals and humans are called

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30) which of the following probably did NOT occur when a shift from aquatic to terrestrial habitats took place millions of years ago?

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31) which of the following has neither true leaves nor true roots?

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32)  A fundamental distinction between club mosses (Lycopodium) and spike mosses (Selaginella) involves differences in their

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33) Which of the following are the air tubes located within horsetail ( Equisetum) stems between the ribs?

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34) The stems of which of the following are the plant's principal sites of photosynthesis?

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35) The substance in horsetail stems that makes them suitable for scouring is

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36) the semi-transparent tissue that protects immature sporangia in many ferns is called a/an

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37) the antheridia of ferns are usually located

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38) Ancient land plants are thought to be derived from

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40) lycopods produce sporangia which are produced on the upper surface of modified leaves termed 

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41) In ferns, meiosis occurs in this structure

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42) which of the following structures or features is/are a part of pine needlels (leaves)?

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43)  A feature or structure not found in a pine life cycle includes

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44) edible or otherwise useful gymnosperms do not include

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45) After fertilization the integument of gymnosperms becomes

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46)  in pines a pollen grain reaches the nucellus via the

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47) the term gymnosperm refers to

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48) pine wood is said to be soft because of the absence of

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49) the specific cells of pines that develop into pollen grains are

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50) the structure of pines that develops into a seed coat is a/an

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51) two of the original four cells in a pine pollen grain enter a pollen tube; one of these two, which after division eventually gives rise to sperms, is the

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52) Which of the following is common to both cycads and pines

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  53)  these are the largest groupos of living gymnosperms, comprising about 50 geneera and 550 species

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54)  Which of the following tissues, cells, or structures in flowering plants is a part of the sporophyte generation and therefore diploid

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55) Which of the following is considered to be a specialization characteristic of advanced (more highly evolved) flowering plants?

bilateral symmetry

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56) a monoecious plant 

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57) pollination involves the

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58)  which of the following is the individual part of a compound ovary within which seeds develop from ovules?

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59)  which of the following pollinators rely more on vision than on smell in seeking floral energy sources?

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60) secondary plant compounds are throught to protect plants from herbivores and insects.  an important group of secondary compounds are the

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61)  the structure that matures into the seed is called a (an)

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62)  pollen is produced in this flower part

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63) pollen grains become attached to the ___ of the flower

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64)  the part of the flower in which ovules are produced is the

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65)  The floral parts are attached to an apical portion of the flowering stem called the

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66)  the ovary of the flower matures into a(an)