Term
Plants __________.
a. are heterotrophic
b. have a peptidogycan cell walls
c. have nuclei
d. lack mitochondria
e. all of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Prokaryotic cells __________.
a. have a plasma membrane
b. lack a cytoskeleton
c. have a circular chromosome
d. divide by binary fission
e. all of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following does NOT contain glucose?
a. starch
b. cellulose
c. microtubules
d. sucrose
e. they all contain glucose |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Cellulose ______________.
a. is synthesized at the plasma membrane
b. is a polymer of peptidoglycan
c. is a pectin
d. is synthesized by pectin methyltransferase
e. all of the above |
|
Definition
| a. is synthesized at the plasma membrane |
|
|
Term
[image]
The diagram to the right depicts:
a. α – β linked glucose
b. a cellulose polymer
c. a microtubule
d. a plasmodesmata
e. a nuclear pore |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
In the above diagram in question 5, this molecule _____________.
a. is protein
b. is carbohydrate
c. is actin
d. connects adjacent cells
e. is a nuclear pore |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Pectin and hemicellulose are synthesized __________________.
a. in the ER
b. in the Golgi
c. at the plasma membrane
d. in the cell wall
e. in the nucleus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Starch is synthesized in the ____________.
a. cytoplasm
b. endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
c. Golgi
d.stroma
e. vacuole |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Another name for the Calvin cycle is _____________.
a. respiration
b. the carbon reactions
c. photorespiration
d. transcription
e. oxidative phosphorylation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Glycosylation of proteins occurs in the ___________.
a. endoplasmic reticulum
b. vacuole
c. Golgi
d. nucleus
e. plasmodesmata |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Myosin is __________.
a. a cell wall polysaccharide
b. only found in mitochondria
c. present in prokaryotes
d. a motor proteins that moves on actin mirofibers
e. all of the above are correct. |
|
Definition
| d. a motor proteins that moves on actin mirofibers |
|
|
Term
During the light reactions, acidification occurs in _____________.
a. the thylakoid lumen
b. the chloroplast stroma
c. the ER lumen
d. the Golgi
e. the nucleus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Actin and tubulin are ____________.
a. autotrophic
b. cell wall components
c. proteins
d. semi-autonomous
e. soluble secreted proteins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The Ginkgo leaf ___________.
a. is only found in fossil records
b. does not have vascular tissue
c. has parallel venation, Ginkgo is a monocot
d. has net venation, Ginkgo is a eudicot
e. has dichotomous venation, Ginkgo a gymnosperm |
|
Definition
| e. has dichotomous venation, Ginkgo a gymnosperm |
|
|
Term
The duplication of DNA without nuclear division is called __________.
a. cell wall space
b. Golgi
c. endoplasmic reticulum
d. nucleus
e. endoreduplication |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
[image]
The mitotic phase illustrated to the right is:
a. interphase
b. prophase
c. metaphase
d. anaphase
e. telophase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The preprophase band
a. disappears during prophase
b. marks the plane of cell division
c. is composed of microtubules
d. is located in the cytoplasm
e. all of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Cytokinesis is the _____________.
a. phragmoplast
b. division of the protoplast
c. phragmosome
d. plasmodesmata
e. protoderm |
|
Definition
| b. division of the protoplast |
|
|
Term
A meristem is __________.
a. a modified stem that supports flowers
b. the epidermal layer of stems
c. only present in secondary xylem (wood)
d. a specialized cell in the epidermis
e. a site where new cells form |
|
Definition
| e. a site where new cells form |
|
|
Term
From which type meristem does the PRIMARY XYLEM originate?
a. protoderm
b. ground meristem
c. procambium
d. vascular cambium
e. cork cambium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
From which type meristem does the CORTEX originate?
a. protoderm
b. ground meristem
c. procambium
d. vascular cambium
e. cork cambium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
From which type meristem does the SECONDARY XYLEM originate?
a. protoderm
b. ground meristem
c. procambium
d. vascular cambium
e. cork cambium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
From which type meristem do the GUARD CELLS originate?
a. protoderm
b. ground meristem
c. procambium
d. vascular cambium
e. cork cambium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
From which type meristem does the ENDODERMIS originate?
a. protoderm
b. ground meristem
c. procambium
d. vascular cambium
e. cork cambium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
From which type meristem do the TRICHOMES originate?
a. protoderm
b. ground meristem
c. procambium
d. vascular cambium
e. cork cambium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
[image]
The phylotaxy of the plant to the right can be described as _____________.
a. decussate alternate
b. decussate opposite
c. distichous alternate
d. distichous opposite
e. alternate opposite |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
[image]
The photo to the right shows a cross section of a__________.
a. monocot stem
b. monocot root
c. eudicot stem
d. eudicot root
e. fungal root |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The light reactions occur __________.
a. in mitochondria
b. in thylakoid membranes
c. in the endoplasmic reticulum
d. only in roots
e. all of the above |
|
Definition
| b. in thylakoid membranes |
|
|
Term
The carbon reactions occur in the __________.
a. the ER
b. vacuole
c. cytoplasm
d.stroma
e. thylakoid lumen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The terminal electron acceptor in the light reactions is ____________.
a. CO2
b. water
c. carbohydrate
d. ATP
e. NADP+ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Electron transport in the chloroplast produces ____________.
a. a proton gradient
b. NADP+
c. RuBP
d. PEP
e. CO2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Transpiration is ____________.
a. uptake of water into the leaves from the atmosphere
b. uptake of carbon dioxide necessary for photosynthesis
c. oxygen uptake necessary for leaf metabolism
d. evaporation of water from leaves
e. release of fixed carbon from roots to the rhizosphere |
|
Definition
| d. evaporation of water from leaves |
|
|
Term
In C3 plants, the substrate for primary CO2 fixation is ______________.
a. ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP)
b. phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP)
c. malate
d. plastoquinone (PQ)
e. ubiquinone (UQ) |
|
Definition
| a. ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) |
|
|
Term
In C4 plants the substrate for primary CO2 fixation is _________.
a. malate
b. phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP)
c. ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP)
d. plastoquinone (PQ)
e. ubiquinone (UQ) |
|
Definition
| b. phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP) |
|
|
Term
C4 photosynthesis is more efficient than C3 photosynthesis ___________________.
a. when CO2 atmospheric concentrations are elevated
b under all environmental conditions
c. when
d. at high temperature
e. at low temperatures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Rubisco is ________________.
a. an enzyme
b. a five carbon sugar
c. primarily produced in the light reactions
d. a C3 plant
e. a symbiotic fungi |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Photorespiration occurs ____________.
a. when C3 plants switch to C4 photosynthesis
b. more at higher temperature
c. when a proton gradient is generated in the thylakoid lumen
d. when NADPH is utilized in the carbon (enzymatic) reactions
e. more in C4 plants |
|
Definition
| b. more at higher temperature |
|
|
Term
Mitochondrial alternate oxidase is used to ____________.
a. generate ATP and NADH from pyruvate
b. convert glucose to pyruvate
c. generate ATP when oxygen is not available
d. reduce photorespiration
e. generate heat |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
[image]
On the image to the right, the letter “A” indicates ____________.
a. a plasmodesmata
b. a trichome
c. the phragmoplast
d. a lateral root
e. the casparian strip |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
[image]
On the image to the right, the cell layer that produces “A” is the
_________.
a. pericycle
b. vascular cambium
c. mesophyll
d. endodermis
e. phragmoplast |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Vascular cambium and cork cambium are____________.
a. primary meristems
b. primary cambia
c. vascular tissues
d.secondary meristems
e. a type of epidermis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Wood is primarily ______________.
a. secondary phloem
b.secondary xylem
c. cork cambium
d. vascular cambium
e. procambium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Lateral roots are initiated in _____________.
a. the root epidermis
b. the pericycle
c. root hairs
d. the root cortex
e. the endodermis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
[image]
The image to the right depicts a ____________.
a. monocot stem
b. eudicot stem
c. monocot root
d. eudicot root
e. fungal root |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
[image]
In the image to the right, the region marked “A” is ________.
a. primary xylem
b. primary phloem
c. endodermis
d. pericycle
e. cortex |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Liquid moves in the xylem and phloem primarily by _______________.
a. bulk flow
b. diffusion
c. dilution
d. osmosis
e. transpiration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
In the absence of oxygen, oxidative phosphorylation is not possible and fermentation occurs in plant
roots. Some energy in the form of ATP can be obtained from ____________.
a. the Calvin cycle
b. the TCA, Krebs or citric acid cycle
c. glycolysis
d. electron transport
e. oxidative phosphorylation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A product of fermentation is ____________.
a. glucose
b. O2
c. pyruvate
d. NAD+
e. NADH |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Carbon dioxide released during aerobic respiration is primarily from ____________.
a. glycolysis
b. oxidative phosphorylation
c. the Calvin cycle
d. electron transport
e. the TCA, Krebs or citric acid cycle |
|
Definition
| e. the TCA, Krebs or citric acid cycle |
|
|
Term
In mitochondria, electron transport acidifies the __________.
a. matrix
b. stroma
c. thylakoid lumen
d. endoplasmic reticulum
e. intermembrane space |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Plants __________.
a. are eukaryotic
b. are multicellular
c. have mitochodria
d. are autotrophic
e. all of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Prokaryotic cells __________.
a. have a plasma membrane
b. have actin but not microtubules
c. have a relatively small nucleus
d. a. and b.
e. all of the above |
|
Definition
| a. have a plasma membrane |
|
|
Term
Microtubules are made of _____________.
a. cellulose
b. carbohydrate
c. protein
d. starch
e. peptidoglycan |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Mitochondria and chloroplasts ______________.
a. were both acquired through endosymbiosis
b. contain DNA
c. divide by fission
d. are semi-autonomous
e. all of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
[image]
The cell type in the photo to the right is definitely _____________.
a. mesenchyma
b. aerenchyma
c. parenchyma
d. sclerencmyma
e. collenchyma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Actin and tubulin are components of _____________.
a. the ER
b. the cytoskeleton
c. plasma membrane
d. the cell wall
e. the Golgi membrane |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Pectin and hemicellulose are components of __________________.
a. the ER
b. the cytoskeleton
c. plasma membrane
d. the cell wall
e. the Golgi membrane |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sucrose is synthesized in the ____________.
a. cytoplasm
b. endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
c. Golgi
d. stroma
e. vacuole |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Kinesin and Dynein _____________.
a. are components of the electron transport chain
b. translate mRNA into protein on the ER
c. are DNA replicases
d. are transcription factors
e. motor proteins that bind to microtubules |
|
Definition
| e. motor proteins that bind to microtubules |
|
|
Term
Proteins that will secreted, such as cell wall proteins, are synthesized ___________.
a. by ribosomes
b. in the cell wall
c. in the Golgi
d. in the nucleus
e. by plasmodesmata |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Cellulose is __________.
a. a cell wall polysaccharide
b. only found in mitochondria
c. present in prokaryotes
d. a motor protein that moves on actin microfibers
e. a cytoskeleton component |
|
Definition
| a. a cell wall polysaccharide |
|
|
Term
The light reactions store light energy ________________
a. as glucose
b. as NADH and NADPH
c. as ATP and NADPH
d. in the mitochondria
e. in the nucleus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The structures that connect plant cells are called ____________.
a. plasmodesmata
b. actin and tubulin
c. soluble secreted proteins
d. connectrons
e. symplastrons |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The vein pattern in a Ginkgo leaf is ___________.
a. parallel
b. dichotomous
c. serrate
d. net
e. gymnosperm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A plant cell with a solute potential (Ψs ) of -0.6 MPa is submerged into a
container of pure water that is open to the atmosphere. The water potential of the cell equilibrates with the
pure water. What is the resulting turgor pressure of the cell? Use the equation Ψw= Ψs + Ψp.
a. zero
b. +0.6Mpa
c. -0.6MPa
d. +0.12 MPa
e. -0.12 MPa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
In the problem in question 15, if the same plant cell was submerged in a solution with a solute potential
(Ψs ) of -0.6 MPa the resulting turgor pressure would be ________.
a. zero
b. +0.6Mpa
c. -0.6MPa
d. +0.12 MPa
e. -0.12 MPa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The preprophase band
a. is part of the cell wall
b. is a primary meristem
c. is found only in parenchyma
d. marks the location where the phragmoplast forms
e. all of the above |
|
Definition
| d. marks the location where the phragmoplast forms |
|
|
Term
Cytokinesis is _____________.
a. a motor protein
b. division of the protoplast
c. part of the plasmodesmata
d. part of the phragmoplast
e. protoderm |
|
Definition
| b. division of the protoplast |
|
|
Term
A meristem is __________.
a. a modified stem that supports flowers
b. the epidermal layer of stems
c. only present in secondary xylem (wood)
d. a specialized cell in the epidermis
e. a site where new cells form |
|
Definition
| e. a site where new cells form |
|
|
Term
| From which type meristem does the PITH originate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
From which type meristem do the EPIDERMAL CELLS originate?
a. protoderm
b. ground meristem
c. procambium
d. vascular cambium
e. cork cambium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
From which type meristem does the SECONDARY PHLOEM originate?
a. protoderm
b. ground meristem
c. procambium
d. vascular cambium
e. cork cambium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
From which type meristem does the ROOT HAIR CELLS originate?
a. protoderm
b. ground meristem
c. procambium
d. vascular cambium
e. cork cambium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
From which type meristem does the PRIMARY PHLOEM originate?
a. protoderm
b. ground meristem
c. procambium
d. vascular cambium
e. cork cambium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
From which type meristem does the PERIDERM originate?
a. protoderm
b. ground meristem
c. procambium
d. vascular cambium
e. cork cambium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
[image]
The phylotaxy of the plant to the right can be described as _____________.
a. decussate alternate
b. decussate opposite
c. distichous alternate
d. distichous opposite
e. alternate opposite |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Oxygen is evolved during photosynthesis __________.
a. when Rubisco acts as an oxygenase
b. during oxidative phosphorylation
c. when water is split
d. that is why plants use fermentation
e. all of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Photorespiration begins __________.
a. when Rubisco acts as an oxygenase
b. during oxidative phosphorylation
c. when water is split
d. that is why plants use fermentation
e. all of the above |
|
Definition
| a. when Rubisco acts as an oxygenase |
|
|
Term
The terminal electron acceptor in the light reactions is ____________.
a. CO2
b. water
c. oxygen
d. NAD+
e. NADP+ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The terminal electron acceptor in the mitochondrial electron transport chain is ____________.
a. CO2
b. water
c. oxygen
d. NAD+
e. NADP+ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The photo to the right shows a cross section of a__________.
a. monocot stem
b. monocot root
c. eudicot stem
d. eudicot root
e. fungal root |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The carbon reactions occur in the __________.
a. the ER
b. matrix
c. stroma
d. cytoplasm
e. thylakoid lumen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Plants obtain water ____________.
a. from the atmosphere through the stomata
b. by uptake from the soil
c. through transpiration
d. when the plant water potential is more positive than the surrounding solution
e. all of he above |
|
Definition
| b. by uptake from the soil |
|
|
Term
In C3 plants, the enzyme that does primary CO2 fixation is ______________.
a. ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP)
b. phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP)
c. PEP carboxylase
d. Rubisco
e. malate dehydrogenase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
In C4 plants the enzyme that does primary CO2 fixation is _________.
a. ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP)
b. phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP)
c. PEP carboxylase
d. Rubisco
e. malate dehydrogenase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
In CAM plants the enzyme that does primary CO2 fixation is _________.
a. ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP)
b. phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP)
c. PEP carboxylase
d. Rubisco
e. malate dehydrogenase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
hotorespiration is more predominant in C3 plants ___________________.
a. when CO2 atmospheric concentrations are elevated
b under all environmental conditions
c. at night
d. at high temperature
e. at low temperatures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Wood is mostly ________________.
a. vascular cambium
b. primary phloem
c. secondary phloem
d. primary xylem
e. secondary xylem |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The ______________ is a barrier to apoplasmic movement of water and nutrients in the root.
a. plasmodesmata
b. trichome
c. tphragmoplast
d. casparian strip
e. symplasm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Secondary xylem that is non-functional and filled with resin is called ___________.
a. hopwood
b. heartwood
c. sapwood
d. secondary phloem
e. vascular cambium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Cork cambium produces ____________.
a. secondary xylem and secondary phloem
b. secondary cork
c. phellem and phelloderm
d. primary cork
e. a type of epidermis |
|
Definition
| c. phellem and phelloderm |
|
|
Term
Lateral roots are initiated in _____________.
a. the root epidermis
b. the endodermis
c. root hairs
d. the root cortex
e. the pericycle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Poiseuille's law states that the rate of liquid moving through a tube depends on ______________.
a. the radius of the tube
b. the viscosity of the liquid
c. the pressure gradient
d. all of the above
e. none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Root hairs _____________.
a. originate in the pericycle
b. originate in the endodermis
c. originate in the cortex
d. grow by tip growth
e. lack many organelles including a nucleus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Stomatal pores are important for ____________.
a. uptake of water into the leaves from the atmosphere
b. efflux of carbon dioxide produced by photosynthesis
c. transpiration
d. oxygen uptake necessary for leaf metabolism
e. all of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The main products of fermentation are_____________.
a. ethanol and ATP
b. ethanol and NAD+
c. ethanol and NADH
d. pyruvate and NADH
e. ATP and NADH |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Electron transport in mitochondria mainly results in the production of ________________.
a. NADH
b. ATP
c. pyruvate
d. NAD+
e. O2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Carbon dioxide released during aerobic respiration is primarily from ____________.
a. glycolysis
b. oxidative phosphorylation
c. the Calvin cycle
d. the TCA, Krebs or citric acid cycle
e. electron transport |
|
Definition
| d. the TCA, Krebs or citric acid cycle |
|
|
Term
Glycolysis produces __________.
a. pyruvate
b. NADH
c. ATP
d. all of the above
e. none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Plants are__________.
a. autotrophic
b. multicellular
c. generally adapted to terrestrial existence
d. all of the above
e. none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Eukaryotic cells obtained chloroplasts through a process called __________.
a. evolution
b. endosymbiosis
c. endoreduplication
d. binary fission
e. mitosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Atoms or molecules that have lost or gained one or more valence electrons and have a positive
or negative charge are called ____________.
a. electrons
b. anions
c. cations
d. ions
e. neutrons |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Cellulose is synthesized ______________.
a. in the Golgi
b. in the endoplasmic reticulum
c. at the plasma membrane
d. in chloroplasts
e. in the cell wall |
|
Definition
| c. at the plasma membrane |
|
|
Term
The molecular weight of NaCl is 58.44 g/mole. To make one liter of 1mM NaCl you need ________.
a. 58.44g
b. 5.844g
c. 0.5844g
d. 0.05844g
e. 0.005844g |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The solution in question 5 contains both Na+ and Cl.
Which of the following is true?
a. Na+ is an anion and Cl- is a cation.
b. Na+ is less soluble because of its positive charge.
c. NaCl is a solid and therefore is not solubilized in this solution.
d. The positive charge of Na+ causes it to accumulate at the top of the solution.
e. Na+ is a cation and Cl- is an anion. |
|
Definition
| e. Na+ is a cation and Cl- is an anion. |
|
|
Term
Pectin is synthesized __________________.
a. in the Golgi
b. in the endoplasmic reticulum
c. at the plasma membrane
d. in chloroplasts
e. in the cell wall |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Starch is synthesized in the ____________.
a. in the Golgi
b. in the endoplasmic reticulum
c. at the plasma membrane
d. in chloroplasts
e. in the cell wall |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The negative log of the hydrogen ion (H+
) concentration is also known as _____________.
a. a proton gradient
b. pH
c. photorespiration
d. electron transport
e. oxidative phosphorylation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of ___________.
a. glucose and fructose
b. glucose and starch
c. fructose and mannose
d. fructose and starch
e. glucose and mannose |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The difference between starch and cellulose is __________.
a. cellulose is a polymer and starch is a granule
b. cellulose is synthesized in the ER and starch is made in the chloroplast
c. cellulose is a polymer of glucose and starch is not
d. cellulose is part of the cytoskeleton and starch is not
e. they are both polymers of glucose but cellulose is β linked and starch α linked |
|
Definition
| e. they are both polymers of glucose but cellulose is β linked and starch α linked |
|
|
Term
Connections between plant cells are called _____________.
a. tight junctions
b. gap junctions
c. plasmodesmata
d. gap channels
e. connexins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The Golgi was discovered by ____________.
a. Camillo Golgi
b. Melvin Calvin
c. Peter Agre
d. T. W. Engelmann
e. Ernst Münch |
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Definition
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When plant cells divide, the new cell wall between the daughter cells is synthesized by the _________.
a. nucleus
b. endoplasmic reticulum
c. plasmodesmata
d. phragmoplast
e. surrounding cells |
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Definition
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Term
The duplication of DNA without nuclear division is called __________.
a. evolution
b. endosymbiosis
c. endoreduplication
d. binary fission
e. mitosis |
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Definition
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Term
The apical meristem produces the following primary meristems:
a. ground meristem, procambium and protoderm
b. vascular cambium, cork cambium and phelloderm
c. procambium, vascular cambium and cork cambium
d. procambium, cork cambium and phelloderm
e. protoderm, procambium and cork cambium |
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Definition
| a. ground meristem, procambium and protoderm |
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Term
Types of cells that are likely to be dead at maturity
a. epidermal
b. parenchyma
c. protoderm
d. collenchyma
e. sclerenchyma |
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Definition
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Term
[image]
The dividing cell in the diagram on the right is in which phase?
a. preprophase
b. prophase
c. metaphase
d. anaphase
e. telophase |
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Definition
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Term
[image]
In the drawing on the right the “cell plate” is also called the ___________.
a. phragmoplast
b. plasmodesmata
c. trichome
d. protoderm
e. endodermis |
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Definition
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Term
Lateral roots originate in the ____________.
a. endodermis
b. pericycle
c. epidermis
d. cortex
e. pith |
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Definition
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Term
Which vascular tissue is DRIVEN BY POSITIVE PRESSURE?
a. xylem
b. phloem
c. both xylem and phloem |
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Definition
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Term
Which vascular tissue has lower side of vascular bundles in leaves?
a. xylem
b. phloem
c. both xylem and phloem |
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Definition
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Term
Which vascular tissue contains vessels and tracheids?
a. xylem
b. phloem
c. both xylem and phloem |
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Definition
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Term
Which vascular tissue contains sieve tubes and companion cells?
a. xylem
b. phloem
c. both xylem and phloem |
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Definition
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Term
Which vascular tissue is found in vascular bundles?
a. xylem
b. phloem
c. both xylem and phloem |
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Definition
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Term
Which vascular tissue has conducting cells are dead at maturity?
a. xylem
b. phloem
c. both xylem and phloem |
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Definition
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Term
The bundle sheath surrounds the ______________.
a. root
b. vascular cambium
c. vascular bundle
d. root and stem
e. guard cells |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
The meristem that produces secondary xylem and phloem is called __________.
a. cork cambium
b. procambium
c. vascular cambium
d. apical meristem
e. the endodermis |
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Definition
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Term
The meristem that produces phellem and phelloderm is called __________.
a. cork cambium
b. procambium
c. vascular cambium
d. apical meristem
e. the endodermis |
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Definition
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Term
In photosynthesis, oxygen is produced from ____________.
a. CO2
b. water
c. carbohydrate
d. ATP
e. NADP+ |
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Definition
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Term
In photosynthesis, NADPH is produced __________________.
a. in the thylakoid lumen
b. in the cytoplasm
c. in the stroma
d. in the apoplast
e. in the vacuole |
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Definition
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Term
In C3 plants the substrate for primary CO2 fixation is _________.
a. malate
b. phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP)
c. ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP)
d. plastoquinone (PQ)
e. ubiquinone (UQ) |
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Definition
| c. ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) |
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Term
C4 photosynthesis is more efficient than C3 photosynthesis ___________________.
a. when CO2 atmospheric concentrations are elevated
b under all environmental conditions
c. under salt stress conditions
d. at higher temperature
e. at lower temperatures |
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Definition
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Term
Rubisco is ________________.
a. an enzyme
b. localized in the stroma
c. ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase
d. necessary for primary carboxylation in C3 plants
e. all of the above |
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Definition
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Term
When rubisco acts as an oxygenase, what is the first stable product?
a. phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)
b. malate
c. two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate
d. ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate
e. 3-phosphoglycerate and 2-phosphoglycolate |
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Definition
| e. 3-phosphoglycerate and 2-phosphoglycolate |
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Term
In CAM plants ____________.
a. the stomatal pores are closed during the day
b. PEP carboxylase does the primary carboxylation during the night
c. malate is stored in the vacuole during the night
d. the Calvin cycle runs during the day, as in C3 plants
e. all of the above |
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Definition
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Term
The scientist who discovered aquaporins is ______________.
a. Camillo Golgi
b. Melvin Calvin
c. Peter Agre
d. T. W. Engelmann
e. Ernst Münch |
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Definition
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Term
The rate of liquid movement through a tube is dependent on ______________.
a. radius of the tube
b. viscosity of the liquid
c. pressure gradient.
d. all of the above
e. none of the above |
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Definition
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Term
What causes guttation?
a. positive pressure in the xylem
b. positive pressure in the phloem
c. high transpiration rates
d. cavitation in the xylem
e. plant diseases |
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Definition
| a. positive pressure in the xylem |
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Term
The theory that the phloem is driven by positive turgor pressure due to high sucrose concentration was
developed by which scientist?
a. Camillo Golgi
b. Melvin Calvin
c. Peter Agre
d. T. W. Engelmann
e. Ernst Münch |
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Definition
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Term
In the presence of oxygen, most of the ATP is produced by mitochondria using _____________.
a. the Calvin cycle
b. the TCA, Krebs or citric acid cycle
c. glycolysis
d. electron transport
e. fermentation |
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Definition
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Term
The products of fermentation are ethanol, CO2 and ____________.
a. ATP
b. NAD+
c. NADH
d. pyruvate
e. FADH2 |
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Definition
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Term
Carbon dioxide released during aerobic respiration is primarily from ____________.
a. glycolysis
b. oxidative phosphorylation
c. the Calvin cycle
d. electron transport
e. the TCA, Krebs or citric acid cycle |
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Definition
| e. the TCA, Krebs or citric acid cycle |
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Term
In mitochondria, electron transport acidifies the __________.
a. matrix
b. stroma
c. thylakoid lumen
d. endoplasmic reticulum
e. intermembrane space |
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Definition
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