Term
| Classification of bones… bones classified according to SHAPE: |
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Definition
1.) long bones- ex; bones of limbs; femur, tibia, humerus
characteristics: longer than wide w/ medullary cavity-hole in bone
2) short bones ex: carpals, tarsals
chara: about as wide as long
3) flat bones ex: cranium, sternum, ribs
chara: no med. Cavity, dense bone over spongy bone
4) irregular bones ex: vertebrae, scapula, pelvis, many skull bones
chara: nondescript shape |
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Term
| Functions of bones/the skeletal system: |
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Definition
1.) support – provide framework to support weight of body
2) protection- skull (brain), ribs/sternum(heart,lungs) pelvis (fetus/ovaries)
3) movement- muscles attached by tendons, make levers of bones to move
4) Mineral storage ( Ca, P,K)- warehouse, released into blood as needed, osteoporosis- lack of calcium
5) Hemopoeisis (blood cell production) in red marrow |
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Term
| Bone (also osseous tissue) types: |
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Definition
dense/compact bone: visibly smooth and solid, heavy, forms outside of all bones
Spongy/cancellous bone: looks porous, weblike, lightweight, with pores, makes up inside of all bones |
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Term
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Definition
| the "middle" or shaft of a long bone, often contains medullary cavity- opening inside long bones, full of marrow- yellow (adipose) or red (red and white blood cell formation) depending on age. Babies most all marrow is red. Older, less red, more yellow |
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Term
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Definition
| ends of long bones,parts of a joint, covered by articular cartilage: a type of hyaline cartilage for cushion and making joints work smoothly |
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Term
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Definition
| Commonly called growth plate, hyaline cart. area at each epiphysis where growth in length occurs. Turns into bone with age (ossifies) |
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Term
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Definition
| covers outside of all bones not covered by articular cartilage, very tough dense irregular conn tiss. |
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Term
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Definition
| covers inside of long bones, lines medullary cavity, delicate reticular conn tiss |
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Term
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Definition
major canals in bone running longitudinally (lengthwise)
containing blood vessels and nerves |
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Term
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Definition
| major canal running transversely, carrying blood vessels and nerves |
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Term
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Definition
| concentric layers of dense bone forming tube like stru |
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Term
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Definition
| (little lakes) tiny openings in the lamellae that contain the living bone cells |
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