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Body Fluids (Chap. 27)
Vocabulary
23
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
04/27/2013
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Term
Intracellular Fluid (ICF)
 Definition
within cells- 2/3rds
Term
Extracellular Fluid (ECF)
 Definition
  • In the body cavity- 1/3rds
  • Interstitial Fluid
  • Plasma
Term
Interstitial Fluid
 Definition
  • ECF
  • Surrounding cells- 80%
Term
Plasma
 Definition
  • ECF
  • Component of blood- 20%
Term
Fluid Dynamics
 Definition
  • Mov't of fluid between divisions
  • Osmosis
  • Capillary Exchange
  • Barriers
    • Plasma membrane- separate ICF & interstitial fluid
    • BVs separate interstitial fluid from plasma
Term
Osmosis
 Definition
  • Fluid Dynamic
  • Between interstitial & ICF
  • Mov't across a membrane
Term
Capillary Exchange
 Definition
  • Fluid Dyanmics
  • Between plasma & interstitial fluid
Term
Pre-formed
 Definition
ingested water
Term
Electrolytes
 Definition
  • Component of body fluids
  • Dissolved minerals
  • Types
    • Anions
    • Cations
  • Functions
    • Control osmosis
    • Reg. pH
Term
Anion
 Definition
  • Elecetrolyte
  • Negatively charged electrolytes
  • Ex. Cl-
Term
Cations
 Definition
  • Electrolytes
  • Positively charged electrolytes
  • Ex. Na+, H+
Term
Isotonic Solution
 Definition
osmolarity are equal
Term
Hypotonic Solution
 Definition
  • Causes cell to swell b/c gain water
  • More water outside cell. Which moves in
  • Greater concentration of solutes not in cell
  • More water less solute
Term
Hypertonic Solution
 Definition
causes cell to shrink b/c water loss
Term
pH
 Definition
  • Scale from 0-14
  • Based on relative amount of H+ & OH- present
    • pH<7- Acidic Fluid- H+>OH-
    • pH>7- Basic Fluid- H+<OH-
    • pH=7- Neutral Fluid- H+=OH-
Term
Buffer System
 Definition
  • Mechanism to regulate pH
  • Converts strong acids or bases to weak ones
  • Types
    • Protein Buffer
    • Hemoglobin/Oxyhemoglobin Buffer
Term
Protein Buffer
 Definition
  • Mechanism of regulating pH
  • If decr. pH- excess H+ picked up by amine(NH2) group
  • If inc. pH- carboxyl groug (COOH) releases H+
Term
Hemoglobin/Oxyhemoglobin Buffer
 Definition
  • Mechanism to regulate pH
  • CO2 in BL forms carbonic acid (H2CO3) which releases H+
    • Lower pH
  • Hemoglobin releases O2+ becomes negatively charged (Hb-) & binds w/ free H+ (HbH)
    • Rises pH
Term
Acidosis
 Definition
  • Sustained decr. in pH
  • Depresses activity of the N.S
Term
Causes of Acidosis
 Definition
  1. Respiratory
    1. Hypventilation- shallow breathing
  2. Metabolic
    1. Sustained inc. in metabolic rate
    2. Kidney failure
Term
Alkalosis
 Definition
  • Sustained inc. in pH
  • Hyperstimulation of the N.S
Term
Causes of Alkalosis
 Definition
  1. Respiratory
    1. Hyperventilation- heavy breathing
  2. Metabolic
    1. Vomiting- loss of acidic gastric juices
Term
Compensation
 Definition
  • Attempt to correct pH imbalance
  • Kidneys (via tubular secretion) can compensate for respiratory-based imbalances
  • Respiration can compensate for metabolic-based imbalances
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