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Boards Review
First Aid Common Findings
175
Medical
Graduate
06/02/2010

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Primary Adrenocortical Deficiency
Definition
Addison's Disease
Term
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, cafe-au-lait spots, short stature,young girls
Definition
Albright's Syndrome
Term
Hereditary Nephritis with Nerve deafness
Definition
Alport's Syndrome
Term
Anti-basement membrane antibodies
Definition
Goodpasture's syndrome
Term
Anticentromere antibodies
Definition

Scleroderma

(CREST)

Term

ANA Antibodies

Anti-double-stranded DNA

Definition

SLE

Type III Hypersensitivity

Term
Antigliadin Antibodies
Definition
Sprue
Term
Heparin Antedote
Definition
Protamine Sulfate
Term
Warfarin Antedote
Definition
Fresh frozen plasma or Vitamin K.
Term
Antihistone Antibodies
Definition
Drug-induce SLE
Term
Anti-IgG Antibodies
Definition
Reumatoid Arthritis
Term
Antimitochondrial Antibodies
Definition
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
Term
Antineutophil Antibodies
Definition
Vasculitis
Term
Antiplatelet Antibodies
Definition
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Term
Arachnodactyly
Definition
Marfan's
Term
Aschoff bodies
Definition
Rheumatic Fever
Term
Bamboo Spine
Definition
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Term
Becker's MD
Definition

Defective dystrophin

Less severe than Duchenne's

Term
Berger's
Definition
IgA Nephropathy
Term
Bernard-Soulier disease
Definition
Defect in platelet adhesion
Term
Bilateral hilar adenopathy
Definition
Sarcoidosis
Term
Blue Bloater
Definition
Chronic bronchitis
Term
Blue Sclera
Definition
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Term
Boot shaped heart on x-ray
Definition
tetralogy of Fallot/RVH
Term
Bouchard's Nodes
Definition

Osteoarthritis

(PIP swelling secondary to osteophytes)

Term
Boutonniere deformity
Definition
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Term
Posthepatic venous thrombosis
Definition
Budd-Chiari Syndrome
Term
Buerger's Disease
Definition
Small/Medium-Artery Vasculities
Term
Burkitt's Lymphoma
Definition
8:14 translocation, associated with EBV
Term
c-ANCA, p-ANCA
Definition
Wegener's Granulomatosis
Term
Cafe-au-lait spots on the skin
Definition
Neurofibromatosis
Term
Calf Pseudohypertrophy
Definition
Duchenne's muscular dystrophy
Term
Cardiomegaly with apical atrophy
Definition
Chagas
Term
Chagas' disease
Definition
trypanosome infection
Term
Chancre
Definition
primary syphilis
Term
Cholangitis Charcot's Triad
Definition

Jaundice

RUQ pain

Fever

Term
Charcot-Leyden crystals
Definition
Bronchial asthma (eosinophil membranes)
Term
Codman's triangle
Definition
Osteosarcoma
Term
Continuous machinery murmur
Definition
PDA
Term
Councilman bodies
Definition
Toxic or viral hepatitis
Term
Crescents in Bowman's capsule
Definition
Rapidly progressive cresentic glomerulonephritis
Term
Crigler-Najjar syndrome
Definition
Congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
Term
Curling's ulcer
Definition
Acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns
Term
Currant Jelly Sputum
Definition
Klebsiella
Term
Curschmann's spirals
Definition
bronchial asthma
Term
D-dimers
Definition
DIC
Term
Dermatitis , dementia, diarrhea
Definition

Pellagra

niacin, vitamin B3 deficiency

Term
Dog or cat bite
Definition
Pasteurella multocida
Term
Dressler's Syndrome
Definition
Post-MI fibrinous pericarditis
Term
Dubin-Johnson Syndrome
Definition
Congenital Conjugated hyperbilirubinemia
Term
Duchenne's muscular dystrophy
Definition

Deleted dystrophin gene

(X-linked recessive)

Term
Eburnation
Definition
Osteoarthritis
Term
Edward's Syndrome
Definition

Trisomy 18

Rocker-bottom feet, low-set ears, heart disease

Term
Eisenmenger's complex
Definition

Late cyanosis shunt

(L--> R becaomes R--> L shunt)

Term
Elastic Skin
Definition
Ehler's-Danlos
Term
Erb-Duchenne Palsy
Definition
Superior trunk (C5-C6) branchial plexus injury
Term
Fanconi's Syndrome
Definition
Proximal tubular reabsorption defect
Term
Fat, female, forty, fertile
Definition
Acute cholecystitis
Term
Fatty liver
Definition
Alcoholism
Term
Gardner's Syndrome
Definition
Colon polyps with osteomas and soft tissue tumors
Term
Ghon focus
Definition
Primary TB
Term
Gilbert's Syndrome
Definition
Benign congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
Term
HbF
Definition
Thalassemia Major
Term
HbS
Definition
Sickle cell anemia
Term
hCG elevation
Definition
Choriocarcinoma, hydatidiform mole
Term
Goodpasture Syndrome
Definition
Autoantibodies against alveolar and glomerular basement membrane proteins
Term
Gower's maneuver
Definition
Duchenne's
Term
Henoch-Schonlein Purpura
Definition
Hypersensitivity vasculitis associated with hemorrhagic urticaria and URI
Term

Dialated cardiomyopathy

High-output cardiac failure

Definition

Wet beriberi

Thiamine, vitamin B1 deficiency

Term
Ankylosing Spondylitis and Reiter's Syndrome
Definition
HLA-B27
Term
Hyperpigmentation of Skin
Definition

Addison's disease

Primary Adrenal insufficiency

Term
hypersegmented neutrophils
Definition
Macrocytic anemia
Term
Conn's Syndrome
Definition
Hypertension + Hypokalemia
Term
Janeway Lesions
Definition
Endocarditis
Term
Kaposi's Sarcoma
Definition
AIDS
Term
Kartagener's Syndrome
Definition

Dynein defect

(can cause infertility)

Term
Kayser-Fleischer rings
Definition
Wilson's Disease
Term
Keratin Pearls
Definition
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Term
Kimmelstein-Wilson Disease
Definition
Diabetic Nephropathy
Term
Krukenberg Tumor
Definition
Gastric adenocarcinoma with ovarian mets
Term
Libman-Sacks Disease
Definition
Endocarditis associated with SLE
Term
Lines of Zahn
Definition
Arterioal Thrombus
Term
Lisch nodules
Definition
Neurofibromatosis
Term
Low serum ceruloplasmin
Definition
Wilson's Disease
Term
"lumpy-bumpy" appearance of glomeruli on immunofluorescence
Definition
Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis
Term
Mallory bodies
Definition
alcoholic liver disease
Term
Mallory-Weiss Syndrome
Definition
Esophagogastric lacerations
Term
McArdle's disease
Definition
Muscle phosphorylase deficiency
Term
McBurney's Point
Definition
Appendicitis
Term
Necrotizing Vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis
Definition
Wegener's and Goodpasture's (hemoptysis and glomerular disease)
Term
Needle shaped, negatively birefringemtn crystals
Definition
Gout
Term
Negri bodies
Definition
Rabies
Term
Nephritis + cataracts + hearing loss
Definition
Alport's syndrome
Term
Nutmeg liver
Definition
CHF
Term
Malignant Mesothelioma
Definition
Occupational exposure to asbestos
Term
Osler's nodes
Definition
Endocarditis
Term
Owl's Eyes
Definition
CMV
Term
Increase in osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity
Definition

Paget's disease of bone

(osteitis deformans)

Term
Painless jaundice
Definition
Pancreatic cancer
Term
Palpable purpura on legs and buttocks
Definition
Henoch - Schonlein purpura
Term
Pancoast's tumor
Definition
Bronchogenic apical tumor associate with Horner's syndrome
Term
Pannus
Definition
Rheumatoid arthritis
Term
Periosteal elevation on x-ray
Definition
pyogenic osteomyelitis
Term
Benign Polyposis
Definition
Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome
Term
Penile fibrosis
Definition
Peyronie's Disease
Term
Philadelphia chromosome (bcr-abl)
Definition
CML
Term
Pink Puffer
Definition
Emphysema, alpha1 antitrypsin deficiency
Term
Plummer-Vinson Syndrom
Definition
Esophageal webs with iron deficiency anemia
Term
Gout at MP joint of Hallux
Definition
Podagra
Term
Podocyte fusion
Definition
minimal change disease
Term
polyneuropathy, cardiac pathology and edema
Definition

Wet beriberi

(thiamine, B1 deficiency)

Term
Polyneuropathy preceded by GI or repiratory infection
Definition
Guillain-Barre Syndrome
Term
Port Wine Stain
Definition
Hemangioma
Term
Positive Anterior "drawer sign"
Definition
ACL injury
Term
Pott's Disease
Definition
Vertebral tuberculosis
Term
Ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis
Definition

Horner's syndrome

Pancoast's tumor

Term
Rash on palms and soles
Definition
Syphilis (secondary) Rocky Mountain Spotted fever
Term
Recurrent vasospasm in the extremities
Definition
Raynaud's syndrome
Term
RBC casts in the urine
Definition
Acute glomerulonephritis
Term
Recurrent pulmonary pseudomonas ans S. aureus infections
Definition
Cystic fibrosis
Term
Red urine in the morning
Definition
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Term
increased reid index
Definition
Chronic bronchitis
Term
Reinke crystals
Definition
Leydig Cell tumor
Term
Urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis
Definition
Reiter's syndrome
Term
renal cell carcinoma, cavernous hemangiomas, adenomas
Definition
von Hippel-Lindau disease
Term
Renal epithelial casts in urine
Definition
acute toxic/viral nephrosis
Term
rhomboid crystals, positively birefringent
Definition
Pseudogout
Term
rib notching
Definition
coarctation of the aorta
Term
roth spots in the retina
Definition
Endocarditis
Term
Rotor's syndrome
Definition
Congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia
Term
S3
Definition

Left to Right shunt

(VSD, PDA, ASD)

Mitral regurgitation

LV failure (CHF)

Term
S4
Definition

Aortic stenosis

Hypertrophic subaortic stenosis

Term
Schiller-Duval bodies
Definition
Yolk sac tumors
Term
Signet ring cells
Definition
gastric carcinoma
Term
simian crease
Definition
Down's syndrome
Term
Sjogren's syndrome
Definition
Dry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis
Term
Skip lesions
Definition
Chron's
Term
Slapped cheeks
Definition
erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)
Term
Smith Antigen
Definition
SLE
Term
Smudge cells
Definition
CLL
Term
Soap bubble on x-ray
Definition
giant cell tumor of bone
Term
Spike and dome on EM
Definition
Membranous glomerulonephritis
Term
Splinter hemorrhages in fingernails
Definition
Endocarditis
Term
Strawberry tongue
Definition
Scarlet Fever
Term
starry sky pattern on histo
Definition
burkitt's lymphoma
Term
Streaky ovaries
Definition
turner's syndrome
Term
String sign on x-ray
Definition
Crohn's disease
Term
Subepithelial humps on EM
Definition
Post-strep glomerulonephritis
Term
Sulfur granules
Definition
actinomyces israeli
Term
Swollen gums, bruising, poor wound healing, anemia
Definition

Scurvy

(ascorbic acid, vitamine C deficiency)

vit C is necessary for hydroxylation of proline and lysine in collagen synthesis

Term
Systolic ejection murmur
Definition
Aortic valve stenosis
Term
t(8:14)
Definition
Burkitt's lymphoma
Term
t(9:22)
Definition
Philadelphia chromosome, CML
Term
Tendom xanthomas (classically in achilles)
Definition
Familial hypercholesterolemia
Term
thumb sign on lateral x-ray
Definition
epiglotittis (h. flu)
Term
Thyroidization of kidney
Definition
Chronic bacterial pyelonephritis
Term
Trousseau's sign
Definition
Visceral cancer, pancreatic adenocarcinoma (migratory thrombophlebitis), hypocalcemia (carpal spasm)
Term
Tophi
Definition
Gout
Term
Tram-track appearance on LM
Definition
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
Term
Virchow's node
Definition
Left supraclavicular node enlargement from metastatic carcinoma of the stomach
Term
Virchow's triad
Definition
Blood stasis, endothelial damage, hypercoagulability
Term
von Recklinghausen's disease
Definition
Neurofibromatosis with cafe-au-lait spots
Term
Waxy casts
Definition
Chronic end-stage renal disease
Term
WBC casts in urine
Definition
Acute pyelonephritis
Term
WBCs in urine
Definition
acute cystitis
Term
Whipple's Disease
Definition
Malabsorption syndrome caused by tropheryma whippelii
Term
Wilson's disease
Definition
Hepatolenticular degeneration
Term
Wire loop appearance on LM
Definition
Lupus nephropathy
Term
"worst headache of my life"
Definition

Berry aneurysm

associated with adult polycystic kidney disease

Term
xerostomia + arthritis + keatoconjunctivitis sicca
Definition
Sjogren's syndrome
Term
Zenker's diverticulum
Definition
Upper GI diverticulum
Term
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
Definition
Gastrin-secreting tumor associated with ulcers
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