Term
| How are anatomy and Physiology related? |
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Definition
Anatomy- sx of body
physiology- fx of body
both go hand in hand |
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Term
List the levels of organization in the human body and the characteristics of each
9 |
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Definition
atom
molecule
macromolecule
organelle
cell
tissue
organ
organ system
organism |
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Term
List and describe the major characteristics of life.
10 |
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Definition
Double A, CDE, GM, Triple R
movement
responsiveness- reaction to change
growth
reproduction- new cells
respiration- getting oxygen, releasing co2. getting energy from foods
digestion
absorption
circulation
assimilation- change absorbed substances
excretion- removal of waste |
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Term
| Give examples of metabolism. |
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Definition
chem reactions in body
acquire energy
digest & respiration involve metabolism |
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Term
List and describe the major requirements of organisms.
5 |
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Definition
Water- chemical, transport substance, regulating body temp.
Foods- nutrients
Oxygen- gas, 1/5 of normal air. release energy from food, drives metab process
Heat- product of metab reactions, the more heat the faster chem reactions.
Pressure- application of force to something. ex: atmospheric pressure,blood pressure. breathing |
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Term
| Explain the importance of homeostasis to survival. |
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Definition
| organism can only fx and live when concentration of requirements (w,f,o,h,p) stay withing narrow limits |
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Term
Describe the parts of a homeostatic mechanism and explain how they function
together. |
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Definition
Receptors- info about specific conditions (stimuli) & internal environment
Set Point- tells what a particular value should be, body temp
Effectors- cause responses that alter conditions in internal environment
Response- change is corrected |
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Term
| Identify the locations of the major body cavities. |
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Definition
cranial cavity- brain
vertebral canal- spinal cord
thoracic cavity- chest area
abdomino pelvic- abs area
organs within thoracic and abdo-pelv are called viscera |
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Term
| List the organs located in each major body cavity. |
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Definition
chest area
stomach area
penis area |
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Term
| Name and identify the locations of the membranes associated with the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities. |
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Definition
walls of right and left thoracic compartments (lungs) are lined with a membrane- parietal pleura.
the visceral pleura covers the lungs, deeper.
these 2 membranes are separated by a watery fluid- serous fluid.
pleural cavity- potential space between parietal and visceral membranes
heart is surrounded by pericardial membranes
abdominopelvic lining membranes are peritoneal membranes. |
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Term
Name the major organ systems, and list the organs associated with each.
11 |
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Definition
integumentary system- skin hair nails (body covering
skeletal system- bones, ligaments, cartilage (support and movement
muscular system
nervous system- brain spine nerves sense organs
endocrine system- all glands that secrete chemical messages (hormones)
cariovascular system- heart arteries veins capillaries blood (transport)
lymphatic system- lymphatic vessils, lymph fluid, lymph nodes, thymus, spleen
digestive system-
respiratory system- organs move air in and out, exchange gasses
urinary system- kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra
reproduction- produces whole new organisms like itself |
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Term
| Describe the general function of each organ system. |
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Definition
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Term
| Properly use the terms that describe relative positions, body sections, and body regions |
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Definition
Superior- above, closer to head
Inferior- below, toward the feet
Anterior (or ventral)- toward front
Posterior (or dorsal)- toward back
Medial- imaginary vertical centered line
Lateral- toward the side
Bilateral- paired stucters, (lungs)
Ipsilateral- sx's on same side (Right lung & Right kidney)
Proximal- closer to trunk (elbow prox to wrist)
Distal- farther from trunk (fingers distal to wrist
Superficial- closer to surface
Deep- internal, farther from surface |
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Term
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Definition
mechanism, deviation from set point is corrected (moves opposite/negative direction)
correction reduces the action of the effectors |
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