Term
Germ cells are diploid, meaning they each contain only one set of chromosomes, and the two diploid germ cells
fuse to make a haploid cell, or zygote.
a. True
b. False |
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Definition
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Term
Bacteria replicate by simple cell division, or asexual reproduction. Therefore, with the exception of acquired genetic mutations, bacterial daughter cells (or offspring) are genetically identical to the parent organism. a. True
b. False |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is the term for variant versions of a gene?
a. Mutations
b. Sister genes c. Alleles
d. Homologs |
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Definition
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Term
The set of genes carried by an individual cell or organism is known as ____________________, and the observable character of a cell or organism is known as _____________________.
a. Phenotype; genotype
b. Genotype; karyotype
c. Phenotype; karyotype d. Genotype; phenotype
e. None of the above |
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Definition
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Term
Genetic crossing-over occurs during: a. Meiosis I
b. Meiosis II
c. Both meiosis I and meiosis II
d. Neither meiosis I nor meiosis II |
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Definition
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Term
A genetic deletion is a:
a. Gain-of-function mutation b. Loss-of-function mutation
c. Conditional mutation |
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Definition
| b. Loss-of-function mutation |
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Term
The Ras oncogene (present in ~30% of human cancers) is a ______________________ mutation that causes deregulation of _________________.
a. Gain-of-function; apoptosis b. Gain-of-function; growth and proliferation
c. Loss-of-function; apoptosis
d. Loss-of-function; growth and proliferation
e. None of the above |
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Definition
| b. Gain-of-function; growth and proliferation |
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Term
Typically, any two humans differ by about 0.1% in their nucleotide sequences, or about 3 million nucleotide differences known as __________________________, which are inherited ___________________________.
a. Mutations; randomly throughout the genome
b. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs); randomly throughout the genome
c. Mutations; in large blocks d. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs); in large blocks |
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Definition
| d. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs); in large blocks |
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Term
What gives the plant cell wall its tensile strength?
a. Starch b. Cellulose
c. Actin
d. Myosin |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following tissues is characterized by a plentiful extracellular matrix?
a. Nervous
b. Epithelial c. Connective
d. Muscular |
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Definition
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Term
Which protein in a fibroblast’s plasma membrane attaches to the extracellular matrix on the outside of the cell and (through adapter molecules) to actin inside the cell?
a. Proteoglycan
b. Cadherin
c. Fibronectin
d. Integrin |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following cell-cell junctions in animal epithelia allows small water-soluble molecules such as ions to pass from cell to cell through channels?
a. Tight junctions
b. Adherens junctions
c. Desmosomes
d. Hemidesmosomes
e. Gap junctions |
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Definition
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Term
Stem cells derived from an embryo can give rise to all of the tissues and cell types of the body
a. True
b. False |
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Definition
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Term
Cancer cells often have abnormal chromosomes, reflecting genetic instability, where mutations that interfere with the accurate replication and maintenance of the genome and thereby increase the mutation rate itself.
a. True
b. False |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is NOT a key behavior of cancer cells?
a. They have a reduced dependence on signals from other cells for their growth, survival, and division.
b. They are less prone than normal cells to kill themselves by apoptosis.
c. They can often proliferate indefinitely.
d. Most are genetically unstable, with a greatly increased mutation rate.
e. They digest neighboring cells to fuel proliferation.
f. All of the above are key behaviors of cancer cells |
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Definition
| e. They digest neighboring cells to fuel proliferation. |
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Term
In the evolution of cancer, a dominant (gain of function) mutation results in a/an _________________, and a recessive (loss of function) eliminates a/an ___________________.
a. Tumor suppressor gene; proto-oncogene
b. Tumor suppressor gene; oncogene c. Oncogene; tumor suppressor gene
d. Proto-oncogene; tumor suppressor gene |
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Definition
| c. Oncogene; tumor suppressor gene |
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Term
I had fun this semester reading about cell biology and taking quizzes.
a. True b. True |
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Definition
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