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substantive and procedural rules created by administrative agencies involving applications, licenses, permits, available information, hearings, appeals, and decision making |
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government bodies of the city, county, state, or federal government; any body created by the legislative branch to carry out specific duties |
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"fourth branch of government" |
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role of administrative agencies to have legislative, executive, and judicial powers |
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Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) |
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first administrative agency, created near end of 19th century; regulated passenger freight transportation |
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statute that specifies the name, functions, and specific powers of the administrative agency; administrative agencies are created by congress through the passage of ____ |
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an order to appear at a particular time and place and provide testimony |
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an order to appear and bring specified documents |
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cabinet-level agencies; heads are appointed by the president with the advice and consent of the US Senate and can be discharged by the president at any time and for any reason; broad authority; social regulation |
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governed by a board of commissioners, one of whom is the chair; president appoints commissioners with he advice and consent of the US Senate; commissioners serve fixed terms and cannot be removed except for cause; narrow authority; economic regulation |
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agencies that don't fall under one classification |
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Administrative Procedures Act (APA) |
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passed in 1946--placed limitations on how agencies are run |
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Informal Rule Making; Notice-and-comment rule making |
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1. agency drafts a rule in consultation with interested parties 2. proposed rule is published in Federal Register 3. Interested parties can file written comments on the written draft within a 30-day period from publication in the Federal Register 4. Final draft of the rule is published in the Federal Register 30 days before it takes effect. A statement of its purpose and cost-benefit analysis must accompany its publication 5. Agency receives feedback from interested parties during the 30-day period and makes a decision on whether the final draft should be rewritten, If not, it becomes law |
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when enabling a statute or other legislation requires that all regulations or rules be enacted by an agency as part of a formal hearing process that includes a complete transcript |
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an attempt to combine the best features of both formal and informal rule making |
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rule that does not create any new rights or duties but is merely a detailed statement of the agency's interpretation of an existing law |
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general statements about directions in which any agency intends to proceed with respect to its rule-making or enforcement activities |
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Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) |
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passed in 1966--requires that federal agencies publish in the Federal Register places where the public can get information from the agency |
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Limitations on Agency Powers |
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Political, Statutory, Judicial, Informational |
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