Term
| What are the cellular components of blood and the function of each? |
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Definition
RBC-tissue oxygenation
WBC- defense against microorganisms and removal of debris
platelets-coagulation and bleeding control |
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Term
| How much of our body weight does Blood contribute to(in %)? Does it differ on gender? |
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Definition
-8% of our total body weight
-Men have 5.5L and women have 5L |
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Term
| What are the noncellular components of blood? |
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Definition
| Plasma and plasma proteins |
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Term
| Explain what the hematocrit layets are made of and their relative percentages. |
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Definition
| 55% Plasma, 1% platelets and WBC(buffy coat, 45% RBC |
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Term
| What is the function of Plasma water? |
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Definition
-Its a transport medium for many organic and inorganic substances
-Can absorb and distribute heat generated during metabolism. |
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Term
| What is the purpose of Plasma proteins? |
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Definition
-Establish an osmotic gradient between blood and ISF
-Partially responsible for buffering changes in pH |
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Term
| Albumin is an important Plasma protein because... |
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Definition
| It binds many substances and contributes to the colloid osmotic pressure. Its also the most abundant. |
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Term
| Explain the subclasses of Globulins and what they're involved in. |
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Definition
Alpha and Beta: Involved in clotting
Gamma: What antibodies used to be called, help with immunity. |
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Term
| What is a key factor in clotting? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Transport O2 to tissues and CO2 to the lungs |
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Term
| What about the RBC shape makes it efficient in its job? |
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Definition
| Bi-concavity, large SA, Thin, and flexible. |
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Term
| What is the Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve? |
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Definition
| nonlinear relationship between the affinity for O2 and binding of hemoglobin with oxygen |
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Term
| What would cause the Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to shift to the right? |
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Definition
-Hemoglobin has less affinity for O2
-More oxygen delivery to the tissues
-anemia, chronic hypoxia, hemoglobinopathies |
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Term
| What would cause the Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to shift to the left? |
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Definition
-Hemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen
-Release to tissue inhibited
-Carbon monoxide poisoning
-Methemoglobinemia |
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Term
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Definition
| Low atmospheric O2 which tells the kidney to release EPO to stimulate RBC production. |
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Term
| WBC are classified based into...? List them |
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Definition
-Agranulocytes: Monocytes and lymphocytes
-Granulocytes: Neutrophils, Basophils and Eosinophils. |
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Term
|
Definition
-Phagocytic specialists
-First defenders
-Very imp. in inflammation
-Clean up debris
-one nucleus but its lobed so it can squish through capillaries |
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Term
|
Definition
-Allergies
-Parasities
-stained with eosin
-percent in body depends on location. |
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Term
|
Definition
-function not as understood
-similar to mast cells
-store and release histamine and heparin |
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Term
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Definition
| -leaves tissues to become a macrophage |
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Term
|
Definition
B lymphocytes secrete antibodies
T lymphocytes destroy specific targets |
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Term
| What are the 4 things that platelets are in ivolved in? |
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Definition
| Adhesion, Aggregation, Secretion, and Coagulation |
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Term
| Explain the coagulation cascade |
|
Definition
Intrinisic:
-caused by damage within BV
Extrinsic:
-caused by damage outisde the BV
*Both pathways meet to form Factor X
*Factor X oncverted into thrombin
*This cleaves fibrinogen into Fibrin causing a clot. |
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Term
| How is a clot broken down? |
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Definition
Damaged endothelial cells secrete plasmiogen which converts to plasmin.
This breaks up fibrin so it doesnt impede flow. |
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