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blood
blood part and function
19
Biology
Undergraduate 1
02/10/2011

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Term
neutrophils
Definition
respond to tissue distruction by bacteria; release lysozyme, strong oxidants, and defensins
Term
lymphocytes
Definition
occur as B cells, T cells, and natural killer cells
Term
monocytes
Definition
white blood cell showing a kidney-shaped nucleus; capable of phagocytosis
Term
eosinophils
Definition
combat the effects of histamine and other mediators of inflammation in allergic reactions; also phagocytize antigen-antibody complexes
Term
basophils
Definition
involved in inflammatory and allergic reactions; are involved in hypersensitivity reactions
Term
pluripotent stem cells
Definition
cells that give rise to all the formed elements of blood; derived from mesenchyme
Term
colony-forming units
Definition
individual form sof progenitor cells; named on the basis of the mature elements in blood they will ultimately produce
Term
red blood cells
Definition
contain hemoglobin and function in gas transport
Term
reticulocytes
Definition
released from the red bone marrow, they develop into mature red blood cells
Term
polymorphs
Definition
older neutrophils with several differently shaped nuclear lobes
Term
myeloid stem cells
Definition
give rise to red blood cells, monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and platelets
Term
lymphoid stem cells
Definition
give rise to lymphocytes
Term
progenitor cells
Definition
cells no longer capable of replenishing themselves; can only give rise to more specific formed elements of blood
Term
platelets
Definition
cell fragments enclosed by a piece of the cell membrane of megakaryocytes; contain clotting factors
Term
fixed macrophages
Definition
monocytes that leave the blood and reside in a particular tissue such as alveolar macrophages in the lungs
Term
wandering macrophages
Definition
monocytes that roam the tissues and gather at sites of infection or inflammation
Term
erythropoietin
Definition
hormone that increases the numbers of red blood cell precursors
Term
thrombopoietin
Definition
hormone that stimulates formation of platelets
Term
cytokines
Definition
stimulate white blood cell formation
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