Blood

A mixture of water, cells, proteins, and dissolved salts; serves as trasportation system for hormones, nutrients, and waste products within the body.

Iron Deficiency Anemia

Anemia due to decrease in circulating RBCs and resulting in decreased O2 to body tissues; tx w/ iron salts (ferrous sulphate*

Megaloblastic Anemia

Therapeutic Classes

Anticoagulants, Hemostatics, Antithrombotics, Thrombolytics, Hermorrheologic Agents, Colony Stimulating Factor (CSF)

Anticoagulant Uses

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary emboli, atrial fibrillation (A-Fib) w/ embolism, prophylaxis of systemic emboli post-MI

Anticoagulant Mechanism of Action/Pt. Information/Side Effects

-Stop/slow normal blood clotting process

-Instruct pt to not take ASA or any new meds (including OTC), w/o his/her provider's knowledge

S.E.- Excess bleeding

Warfarin (Coumadin)

Anticoagulant; legend drug

Heparin

Anticoagulant

Enoxaparin (Lovenox)

Anticoagulant; legend drug

Danapariod (Orgaran)

Anticoagulant; legend drug

Dalteparin (Fragmin)

Anticoagulant; legend drug

Anisindione (Miradon)

Anticoagulant; legend drug

Dicumarol (Dicumarol)

Anticoagulant; legend drug

Tinzaparin (Innohep)

Anticoagulant; legend drug

Desirudin (Iprivask)

Anticoagulant; legend drug

Lepirudin (Refludan)

Anticoagulant; legend drug

Argatroban

Anticoagulant; legend drug

Bivalirudin (Angiomax)

Anticoagulant; legend drug

Fondaparinux (Arixtra)

Anticoagulant; legend drug

Hemostatic Uses and Mechanisms of Action

-Tx excessive bleeding (e.g. surgical bleeding, hemphilia, vitamin K deficiency)

-Affects bld clotting process

Gelatin (Gelfoam)

Hemostatic; legend drug

Thrombin (Thrombinar)

Hemostatic; legend drug

Aminocaporic acid (Amicar)

Vitamin K

Hemostatic; legend drug

Factor VII (Monoclate)

Hemostatic; legend drug

Aprotinin (Trasylol)

Hemostatic; legend drug

Tranexamic acid (Cyklokapron)

Hemostatic, legend drug

Antithrombotics

Used to decrease platelet aggregation (stickiness) and to decrease unwanted clot formation (e.g. MI prevention)

Aspirin (ASA, Anacin, Ascriptin, Bayer, Bufferin, Ecotrin)

Antithrombotic; OTC drug

Dipyridamole (Persantine)

Antithrombotic; legend drug

Clopidogrel (Plavix)

Antithrombotc; legend drug

Ticlopidine (Ticlid)

Antithrombotic; legend drug

Thrombolytics

Used to disolve existing bld clots, decr. muscle damage assc. w/ MI, & tx pumonary emboli

S.E.- excessive bleeding

TPA (Alteplase)

Thrombolytic; legend drug

Streptokinase (Streptase)

Thrombolytic; legend drug

APSAC (Eminase)

Thrombolytic; legend drug

TPA (Activase)

Thrombolytic; legend drug

Reteplase (Retevase)

Thrombolytic; legend drug

Urokinase (Abokinase)

Thrombolytic; legend drug

Hemorrheologic Agents

Use: intermittent claudication--severe leg cramping

Mechanism of Action: Decr bld viscosity & help inc bld flow to areas of need

S.E.- N&V, dizziness

Pentoxifylline (Trental)

Hemorrheologic agent; legend drug

Antianemics

Use: tx anemia caused by Fe++ or Vitamin deficiencies (e.g. megaloblastic anemia)

Pt: take w/meals to avoid stomach upset

S.E.- Diarrhea/constipation, N&V

Iron Sulfate (Slow-Fe)

Antianemic; OTC

Ferrous Gluconate (iron supplement)

Antianemic; OTC

Folic Acid

Antianemic; OTC

Thiamine (Vitamin B6)

Antianemic; OTC

Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B-12)

Antianemic; OTC tab, Rx injection